SGP/EBBR/E26 - Temperature from Left T/RH Probe Incorrect

The temperature from the left T/RH probe went offscale frequently.  This
temperature is used in the calculation of the vapor pressure.  Therefore,
top and bottom Thum measurements, left Thum, top and bottom vapor pressure 
measurements, vapor pressure gradients, and the resulting latent and 
sensible heat fluxes and bowen ratio were frequently incorrect for the 
period stated.

• temp_trh_top
• vapor_pressure_bottom
• bowen_ratio
• Latent heat flux(latent_heat_flux)
• temp_trh_bottom
• vapor_pressure_top
• Sensible heat flux(sensible_heat_flux)

SGP/EBBR/E26 - Left T/RH Probe Temperature Data Incorrect

Left T/RH probe temperature is frequently offscale during the period.
Examine the data (compare with the the T/RH right temperature) to determine
which times are incorrect.  Replacement of the probe on 29 June 1999 
solved the problem.

Affected data are:

5 minute:  tair_bot, tair_top
15 minute: tair_l
30 minute: tair_bot, tair_top, e, h, bowen

• temp_air_bottom
• bowen_ratio
• Latent heat flux(latent_heat_flux)
• temp_air_top
• Sensible heat flux(sensible_heat_flux)

SGP/EBBR/E26 - Right Aspirator Not Working

The right aspirator fan did not work during the period.

The following values were therefore incorrect:

5 minute:  tair_top, tair_bot, thum_top. thum_bot, hum_top, hum_bot,
           vp_top, vp_bot
15 minute: rr_thum_l, mv_hum_l, tair_l
30 minute: tair_top, tair_bot, thum_top. thum_bot, hum_top, hum_bot,
           vp_top, vp_bot, e, h, bowen

• temp_air_bottom
• temp_trh_top
• vapor_pressure_bottom
• bowen_ratio
• rh_top_fraction
• rh_bottom_fraction
• Latent heat flux(latent_heat_flux)
• temp_air_top
• temp_trh_bottom
• vapor_pressure_top
• Sensible heat flux(sensible_heat_flux)

SGP/EBBR/E26 - Anemometer Not Working, Wind Speed Incorrect

The anemometer was not working during this period.

The following values were therefore incorrect:

5 minute:  wind_s, res_ws
15 minute: wind_s
30 minute: wind_s, res_ws

• Wind speed, lower, 1-min avg(wspd_arith_mean)
• Wind speed vector mean(wspd_vec_mean)

SGP/EBBR/26 - Low Battery Condition

When battery voltage was less than 10.4 V DC during this period, all
data should be considered to be incorrect.  The cause of the problem
was a broken trace on J-panel #3.

• Average soil heat flow at the surface(surface_soil_heat_flux_avg)
• Net radiation(net_radiation)
• Wind speed vector mean(wspd_vec_mean)
• soil_heat_capacity_5
• soil_heat_capacity_4
• soil_heat_capacity_2
• soil_heat_capacity_3
• bowen_ratio
• rh_top_fraction
• soil_heat_capacity_1
• Wind speed, lower, 1-min avg(wspd_arith_mean)
• home_signal_30
• North latitude(lat)
• Latent heat flux(latent_heat_flux)
• Soil temperature mean 5(soil_temp_5)
• Soil temperature mean 4(soil_temp_4)
• soil_heat_flow_3
• Soil temperature mean 3(soil_temp_3)
• soil_heat_flow_2
• soil_heat_flow_1
• Soil temperature mean 2(soil_temp_2)
• Soil temperature mean 1(soil_temp_1)
• soil_heat_flow_5
• vapor_pressure_top
• soil_heat_flow_4
• vapor_pressure_bottom
• corr_soil_heat_flow_4
• corr_soil_heat_flow_3
• corr_soil_heat_flow_2
• corr_soil_heat_flow_1
• temp_reference
• corr_soil_heat_flow_5
• temp_air_bottom
• Wind direction vector mean(wdir_vec_mean)
• wdir_vec_std
• energy_storage_change_1
• energy_storage_change_2
• energy_storage_change_3
• time_offset
• temp_air_top
• energy_storage_change_4
• energy_storage_change_5
• temp_trh_bottom
• Altitude above mean sea level(alt)
• soil_moisture_5
• surface_soil_heat_flux_5
• surface_soil_heat_flux_3
• surface_soil_heat_flux_4
• Atmospheric pressure(atmos_pressure)
• soil_moisture_1
• soil_moisture_2
• soil_moisture_3
• soil_moisture_4
• temp_trh_top
• rh_bottom_fraction
• home_signal_15
• surface_soil_heat_flux_2
• surface_soil_heat_flux_1
• base_time
• East longitude(lon)
• Sensible heat flux(sensible_heat_flux)

SGP/EBBR/E26 - Net Radiation Incorrect

The net radiometer top dome was broken and water had entered.  Net 
radiation values are therefore incorrect during the period.

The affected data are:

5 minute:  q
15 minute: mv_q
30 minute: q, h, e

• Latent heat flux(latent_heat_flux)
• Net radiation(net_radiation)
• Sensible heat flux(sensible_heat_flux)

SGP/EBBR/E26 - Reprocess: Soil Moisture Off-Scale

During numerous periods within the days listed above, individual soil
moisture probes indicate small positive or else negative values when
soil moisture is high (greater than 35%).  This situation has occured
since the present EBBR unit was installed on 17 July 1996.  The cause
of the problem is inadequate range in the calibration curve equation.
Cement soil is somewhat unique amongst the EBBR sites, as the soil is
very sandy and porous; it can hold a larger amount of water per volume
than the other soils.  This high a soil moisture cannot be obtained with
the calibration soil used by REBS.  Therefore, the soil moisture equations
need to be manipulated to allow larger soil moistures to be calculated.
Much of the data from January 1998 is corrupted by this problem,
making changes in the equations prudent.

The soil moisture data must be inspected by the data user to see when
soil moisture values for one or more probes is inconsistent with the
others.

Recalculation of ave_shf, e, and h must be made using only the soil
moisture sets with correct soil moisture values.
Affected data values are (# for probe number):

15 minute: rr_sm#

30 minute: sm#, c_shf#, cs#, ces#, g#, ave_shf, e, h

Sensible, latent, and soil heat fluxes can be recalculated using the soil
probe sets that provide correct data.  For example, if soil moisture 2 is
incorrect,

ave_shf = (g1 + g3 + g4 + g5)/4

e = -(q + ave_shf)/(1 +bowen)

h = -(e + ave_shf +q),


If soil moisture 2 and 4 are incorrect,

ave_shf = (g1 + g3 + g5)/3

e = -(q + ave_shf)/(1 +bowen)

h = -(e + ave_shf +q),


If soil moisture 2, 4, and 5 are incorrect,

ave_shf = (g1 + g3)/2

e = -(q + ave_shf)/(1 +bowen)

h = -(e + ave_shf +q),

etc.

On 5 May 1998 at 1815 GMT a calibration coefficient was changed in the CR10
program as a result of a BCR by the mentor.  This coefficient has helped
reduce the least severe problems but has not eliminated problems from
large negative soil moistures measured even once during the integration
period.  However, now the incorrect average soil heat flow, latent heat
flux, and sensible heat flux are so large, negative or positive, that they
cannot be mistaken as being correct. 

The EBBR unit was replaced with a recalibrated system on 1 April 1999.
The previous unit experienced soil moisture problems the entire time
(almost 3 years) that the system was installed because of the inadequacy
of the soil moisture sensor calibrations.

• Average soil heat flow at the surface(surface_soil_heat_flux_avg)
• energy_storage_change_1
• energy_storage_change_2
• energy_storage_change_3
• energy_storage_change_4
• energy_storage_change_5
• surface_soil_heat_flux_5
• soil_moisture_5
• surface_soil_heat_flux_3
• surface_soil_heat_flux_4
• soil_moisture_1
• soil_heat_capacity_5
• soil_moisture_2
• soil_heat_capacity_4
• soil_moisture_3
• soil_moisture_4
• soil_heat_capacity_2
• soil_heat_capacity_3
• soil_heat_capacity_1
• Latent heat flux(latent_heat_flux)
• surface_soil_heat_flux_2
• surface_soil_heat_flux_1
• Sensible heat flux(sensible_heat_flux)
• corr_soil_heat_flow_4
• corr_soil_heat_flow_3
• corr_soil_heat_flow_2
• corr_soil_heat_flow_1
• corr_soil_heat_flow_5

SGP/EBBR/E26 - EBBR E26 Left Aspirator Not Working

The data is suspect because of inadequate aspiration for the sensors
in the left aspirated radiation shield.

• temp_air_bottom
• temp_trh_top
• vapor_pressure_bottom
• bowen_ratio
• rh_top_fraction
• rh_bottom_fraction
• Latent heat flux(latent_heat_flux)
• temp_air_top
• temp_trh_bottom
• vapor_pressure_top
• Sensible heat flux(sensible_heat_flux)

SGP/EBBR/E26 - EBBR E26 All Data Incorrect

All data was incorrect for an unknown reason.

• Average soil heat flow at the surface(surface_soil_heat_flux_avg)
• Net radiation(net_radiation)
• Wind speed vector mean(wspd_vec_mean)
• soil_heat_capacity_5
• soil_heat_capacity_4
• soil_heat_capacity_2
• soil_heat_capacity_3
• bowen_ratio
• rh_top_fraction
• soil_heat_capacity_1
• home_signal_30
• Wind speed, lower, 1-min avg(wspd_arith_mean)
• Latent heat flux(latent_heat_flux)
• Soil temperature mean 5(soil_temp_5)
• Soil temperature mean 4(soil_temp_4)
• soil_heat_flow_3
• soil_heat_flow_2
• Soil temperature mean 3(soil_temp_3)
• soil_heat_flow_1
• Soil temperature mean 2(soil_temp_2)
• Soil temperature mean 1(soil_temp_1)
• soil_heat_flow_5
• soil_heat_flow_4
• vapor_pressure_top
• vapor_pressure_bottom
• corr_soil_heat_flow_4
• corr_soil_heat_flow_3
• corr_soil_heat_flow_2
• corr_soil_heat_flow_1
• temp_reference
• corr_soil_heat_flow_5
• temp_air_bottom
• Wind direction vector mean(wdir_vec_mean)
• wdir_vec_std
• energy_storage_change_1
• energy_storage_change_2
• energy_storage_change_3
• energy_storage_change_4
• temp_air_top
• energy_storage_change_5
• temp_trh_bottom
• soil_moisture_5
• surface_soil_heat_flux_5
• surface_soil_heat_flux_3
• surface_soil_heat_flux_4
• Atmospheric pressure(atmos_pressure)
• soil_moisture_1
• soil_moisture_2
• soil_moisture_3
• soil_moisture_4
• temp_trh_top
• rh_bottom_fraction
• home_signal_15
• surface_soil_heat_flux_2
• surface_soil_heat_flux_1
• Sensible heat flux(sensible_heat_flux)

SGP/EBBR/E26 - All Data Incorrect

All data wqas incorrect for an unknown reason.

• Average soil heat flow at the surface(surface_soil_heat_flux_avg)
• Net radiation(net_radiation)
• Wind speed vector mean(wspd_vec_mean)
• soil_heat_capacity_5
• soil_heat_capacity_4
• soil_heat_capacity_2
• soil_heat_capacity_3
• bowen_ratio
• rh_top_fraction
• soil_heat_capacity_1
• home_signal_30
• Wind speed, lower, 1-min avg(wspd_arith_mean)
• Latent heat flux(latent_heat_flux)
• Soil temperature mean 5(soil_temp_5)
• Soil temperature mean 4(soil_temp_4)
• soil_heat_flow_3
• soil_heat_flow_2
• Soil temperature mean 3(soil_temp_3)
• soil_heat_flow_1
• Soil temperature mean 2(soil_temp_2)
• Soil temperature mean 1(soil_temp_1)
• soil_heat_flow_5
• soil_heat_flow_4
• vapor_pressure_top
• vapor_pressure_bottom
• corr_soil_heat_flow_4
• corr_soil_heat_flow_3
• corr_soil_heat_flow_2
• corr_soil_heat_flow_1
• temp_reference
• corr_soil_heat_flow_5
• temp_air_bottom
• Wind direction vector mean(wdir_vec_mean)
• wdir_vec_std
• energy_storage_change_1
• energy_storage_change_2
• energy_storage_change_3
• energy_storage_change_4
• temp_air_top
• energy_storage_change_5
• temp_trh_bottom
• soil_moisture_5
• surface_soil_heat_flux_5
• surface_soil_heat_flux_3
• surface_soil_heat_flux_4
• Atmospheric pressure(atmos_pressure)
• soil_moisture_1
• soil_moisture_2
• soil_moisture_3
• soil_moisture_4
• temp_trh_top
• rh_bottom_fraction
• home_signal_15
• surface_soil_heat_flux_2
• surface_soil_heat_flux_1
• Sensible heat flux(sensible_heat_flux)

SGP/EBBR/E26 - All Data Incorrect

Data was incorrect because of Preventative Maintenance activities.

• Average soil heat flow at the surface(surface_soil_heat_flux_avg)
• Net radiation(net_radiation)
• Wind speed vector mean(wspd_vec_mean)
• soil_heat_capacity_5
• soil_heat_capacity_4
• soil_heat_capacity_2
• soil_heat_capacity_3
• bowen_ratio
• rh_top_fraction
• soil_heat_capacity_1
• home_signal_30
• Wind speed, lower, 1-min avg(wspd_arith_mean)
• Latent heat flux(latent_heat_flux)
• Soil temperature mean 5(soil_temp_5)
• Soil temperature mean 4(soil_temp_4)
• soil_heat_flow_3
• soil_heat_flow_2
• Soil temperature mean 3(soil_temp_3)
• soil_heat_flow_1
• Soil temperature mean 2(soil_temp_2)
• Soil temperature mean 1(soil_temp_1)
• soil_heat_flow_5
• soil_heat_flow_4
• vapor_pressure_top
• vapor_pressure_bottom
• corr_soil_heat_flow_4
• corr_soil_heat_flow_3
• corr_soil_heat_flow_2
• corr_soil_heat_flow_1
• temp_reference
• corr_soil_heat_flow_5
• temp_air_bottom
• Wind direction vector mean(wdir_vec_mean)
• wdir_vec_std
• energy_storage_change_1
• energy_storage_change_2
• energy_storage_change_3
• energy_storage_change_4
• temp_air_top
• energy_storage_change_5
• temp_trh_bottom
• soil_moisture_5
• surface_soil_heat_flux_5
• surface_soil_heat_flux_3
• surface_soil_heat_flux_4
• Atmospheric pressure(atmos_pressure)
• soil_moisture_1
• soil_moisture_2
• soil_moisture_3
• soil_moisture_4
• temp_trh_top
• rh_bottom_fraction
• home_signal_15
• surface_soil_heat_flux_2
• surface_soil_heat_flux_1
• Sensible heat flux(sensible_heat_flux)

SGP/EBBR/E26 - Low Battery Voltage Causes Incorrect Data

Battery voltage below about 10.5 volts DC caused a number of the
EBBR sensors to not measure correctly.

• Average soil heat flow at the surface(surface_soil_heat_flux_avg)
• energy_storage_change_1
• energy_storage_change_2
• energy_storage_change_3
• energy_storage_change_4
• energy_storage_change_5
• surface_soil_heat_flux_5
• surface_soil_heat_flux_3
• surface_soil_heat_flux_4
• soil_heat_capacity_5
• soil_heat_capacity_4
• soil_heat_capacity_2
• soil_heat_capacity_3
• soil_heat_capacity_1
• home_signal_30
• home_signal_15
• Latent heat flux(latent_heat_flux)
• surface_soil_heat_flux_2
• surface_soil_heat_flux_1
• Soil temperature mean 5(soil_temp_5)
• soil_heat_flow_3
• Soil temperature mean 4(soil_temp_4)
• Soil temperature mean 3(soil_temp_3)
• soil_heat_flow_2
• soil_heat_flow_1
• Soil temperature mean 2(soil_temp_2)
• Soil temperature mean 1(soil_temp_1)
• soil_heat_flow_5
• Sensible heat flux(sensible_heat_flux)
• soil_heat_flow_4
• corr_soil_heat_flow_4
• corr_soil_heat_flow_3
• corr_soil_heat_flow_2
• corr_soil_heat_flow_1
• corr_soil_heat_flow_5

SGP/EBBR/E26 - Low Battery Voltage Causes Incorrect Data

Battery voltage less than 10.5 volts DC causes some
sensors to measure incorrectly.

• Average soil heat flow at the surface(surface_soil_heat_flux_avg)
• energy_storage_change_1
• energy_storage_change_2
• energy_storage_change_3
• energy_storage_change_4
• energy_storage_change_5
• surface_soil_heat_flux_5
• surface_soil_heat_flux_3
• surface_soil_heat_flux_4
• soil_heat_capacity_5
• soil_heat_capacity_4
• soil_heat_capacity_2
• soil_heat_capacity_3
• soil_heat_capacity_1
• home_signal_30
• home_signal_15
• Latent heat flux(latent_heat_flux)
• surface_soil_heat_flux_2
• surface_soil_heat_flux_1
• Soil temperature mean 5(soil_temp_5)
• soil_heat_flow_3
• Soil temperature mean 4(soil_temp_4)
• Soil temperature mean 3(soil_temp_3)
• soil_heat_flow_2
• soil_heat_flow_1
• Soil temperature mean 2(soil_temp_2)
• Soil temperature mean 1(soil_temp_1)
• soil_heat_flow_5
• Sensible heat flux(sensible_heat_flux)
• soil_heat_flow_4
• corr_soil_heat_flow_4
• corr_soil_heat_flow_3
• corr_soil_heat_flow_2
• corr_soil_heat_flow_1
• corr_soil_heat_flow_5

SGP/EBBR/E26 - Low Battery Voltage Causes Incorrect Data

Battery voltage less than 10.5 volts DC causes
some sensors to measure incorrectly.

• Average soil heat flow at the surface(surface_soil_heat_flux_avg)
• energy_storage_change_1
• energy_storage_change_2
• energy_storage_change_3
• energy_storage_change_4
• energy_storage_change_5
• surface_soil_heat_flux_5
• surface_soil_heat_flux_3
• surface_soil_heat_flux_4
• soil_heat_capacity_5
• soil_heat_capacity_4
• soil_heat_capacity_2
• soil_heat_capacity_3
• soil_heat_capacity_1
• home_signal_30
• home_signal_15
• Latent heat flux(latent_heat_flux)
• surface_soil_heat_flux_2
• surface_soil_heat_flux_1
• Soil temperature mean 5(soil_temp_5)
• soil_heat_flow_3
• Soil temperature mean 4(soil_temp_4)
• Soil temperature mean 3(soil_temp_3)
• soil_heat_flow_2
• soil_heat_flow_1
• Soil temperature mean 2(soil_temp_2)
• Soil temperature mean 1(soil_temp_1)
• soil_heat_flow_5
• Sensible heat flux(sensible_heat_flux)
• soil_heat_flow_4
• corr_soil_heat_flow_4
• corr_soil_heat_flow_3
• corr_soil_heat_flow_2
• corr_soil_heat_flow_1
• corr_soil_heat_flow_5

SGP/EBBR/E26 - Low Battery Voltage Causes Incorrect Data

Battery voltage less than 10.5 volts DC causes
some sensors to make incorrect measurements.

• Average soil heat flow at the surface(surface_soil_heat_flux_avg)
• energy_storage_change_1
• energy_storage_change_2
• energy_storage_change_3
• energy_storage_change_4
• energy_storage_change_5
• surface_soil_heat_flux_5
• surface_soil_heat_flux_3
• surface_soil_heat_flux_4
• soil_heat_capacity_5
• soil_heat_capacity_4
• soil_heat_capacity_2
• soil_heat_capacity_3
• soil_heat_capacity_1
• home_signal_30
• home_signal_15
• Latent heat flux(latent_heat_flux)
• surface_soil_heat_flux_2
• surface_soil_heat_flux_1
• Soil temperature mean 5(soil_temp_5)
• soil_heat_flow_3
• Soil temperature mean 4(soil_temp_4)
• Soil temperature mean 3(soil_temp_3)
• soil_heat_flow_2
• soil_heat_flow_1
• Soil temperature mean 2(soil_temp_2)
• Soil temperature mean 1(soil_temp_1)
• soil_heat_flow_5
• Sensible heat flux(sensible_heat_flux)
• soil_heat_flow_4
• corr_soil_heat_flow_4
• corr_soil_heat_flow_3
• corr_soil_heat_flow_2
• corr_soil_heat_flow_1
• corr_soil_heat_flow_5

SGP/EBBR/E26 - All Data Incorrect

All data was incorrect for an unknown reason.

• Average soil heat flow at the surface(surface_soil_heat_flux_avg)
• Net radiation(net_radiation)
• Wind speed vector mean(wspd_vec_mean)
• soil_heat_capacity_5
• soil_heat_capacity_4
• soil_heat_capacity_2
• soil_heat_capacity_3
• bowen_ratio
• rh_top_fraction
• soil_heat_capacity_1
• home_signal_30
• Wind speed, lower, 1-min avg(wspd_arith_mean)
• Latent heat flux(latent_heat_flux)
• Soil temperature mean 5(soil_temp_5)
• Soil temperature mean 4(soil_temp_4)
• soil_heat_flow_3
• soil_heat_flow_2
• Soil temperature mean 3(soil_temp_3)
• soil_heat_flow_1
• Soil temperature mean 2(soil_temp_2)
• Soil temperature mean 1(soil_temp_1)
• soil_heat_flow_5
• soil_heat_flow_4
• vapor_pressure_top
• vapor_pressure_bottom
• corr_soil_heat_flow_4
• corr_soil_heat_flow_3
• corr_soil_heat_flow_2
• corr_soil_heat_flow_1
• temp_reference
• corr_soil_heat_flow_5
• temp_air_bottom
• Wind direction vector mean(wdir_vec_mean)
• wdir_vec_std
• energy_storage_change_1
• energy_storage_change_2
• energy_storage_change_3
• energy_storage_change_4
• temp_air_top
• energy_storage_change_5
• temp_trh_bottom
• soil_moisture_5
• surface_soil_heat_flux_5
• surface_soil_heat_flux_3
• surface_soil_heat_flux_4
• Atmospheric pressure(atmos_pressure)
• soil_moisture_1
• soil_moisture_2
• soil_moisture_3
• soil_moisture_4
• temp_trh_top
• rh_bottom_fraction
• home_signal_15
• surface_soil_heat_flux_2
• surface_soil_heat_flux_1
• Sensible heat flux(sensible_heat_flux)

SGP/EBBR/E26 - All Data Incorrect

All data was incorrect for an unknown reason.

• Average soil heat flow at the surface(surface_soil_heat_flux_avg)
• Net radiation(net_radiation)
• Wind speed vector mean(wspd_vec_mean)
• soil_heat_capacity_5
• soil_heat_capacity_4
• soil_heat_capacity_2
• soil_heat_capacity_3
• bowen_ratio
• rh_top_fraction
• soil_heat_capacity_1
• home_signal_30
• Wind speed, lower, 1-min avg(wspd_arith_mean)
• Latent heat flux(latent_heat_flux)
• Soil temperature mean 5(soil_temp_5)
• Soil temperature mean 4(soil_temp_4)
• soil_heat_flow_3
• soil_heat_flow_2
• Soil temperature mean 3(soil_temp_3)
• soil_heat_flow_1
• Soil temperature mean 2(soil_temp_2)
• Soil temperature mean 1(soil_temp_1)
• soil_heat_flow_5
• soil_heat_flow_4
• vapor_pressure_top
• vapor_pressure_bottom
• corr_soil_heat_flow_4
• corr_soil_heat_flow_3
• corr_soil_heat_flow_2
• corr_soil_heat_flow_1
• temp_reference
• corr_soil_heat_flow_5
• temp_air_bottom
• Wind direction vector mean(wdir_vec_mean)
• wdir_vec_std
• energy_storage_change_1
• energy_storage_change_2
• energy_storage_change_3
• energy_storage_change_4
• temp_air_top
• energy_storage_change_5
• temp_trh_bottom
• soil_moisture_5
• surface_soil_heat_flux_5
• surface_soil_heat_flux_3
• surface_soil_heat_flux_4
• Atmospheric pressure(atmos_pressure)
• soil_moisture_1
• soil_moisture_2
• soil_moisture_3
• soil_moisture_4
• temp_trh_top
• rh_bottom_fraction
• home_signal_15
• surface_soil_heat_flux_2
• surface_soil_heat_flux_1
• Sensible heat flux(sensible_heat_flux)

SGP/EBBR/E26 - Left Air Temperature Periodically Incorrect

Left air temperature periodically was incorrect, causing the indicated measurements
to be incorrect.  The user will need to inspect the data to see when the left air
temperature was incorrect (compare left with right air temperature or with the
humidity probe temperature).

• temp_air_bottom
• bowen_ratio
• Latent heat flux(latent_heat_flux)
• temp_air_top
• Sensible heat flux(sensible_heat_flux)

SGP/EBBR/E26 - Reference Temperature Incorrect

The reference temperature sensor did not work during the indicated period,
causing the indicated measurements to be incorrect.

• temp_air_bottom
• bowen_ratio
• Latent heat flux(latent_heat_flux)
• temp_air_top
• temp_reference
• Sensible heat flux(sensible_heat_flux)

SGP/EBBR/E26 - Electronics Problem

Incorrect home signal indicates an electronic problem that affected the indicated
measurements; this may have been a multiplexer #2 problem as all sensors affected 
are connected to that multiplexer and no sensors on multiplexer #1 were affected.

• temp_air_bottom
• Average soil heat flow at the surface(surface_soil_heat_flux_avg)
• Net radiation(net_radiation)
• temp_air_top
• surface_soil_heat_flux_5
• surface_soil_heat_flux_3
• surface_soil_heat_flux_4
• bowen_ratio
• home_signal_30
• Latent heat flux(latent_heat_flux)
• home_signal_15
• surface_soil_heat_flux_2
• surface_soil_heat_flux_1
• soil_heat_flow_3
• soil_heat_flow_2
• soil_heat_flow_1
• soil_heat_flow_5
• soil_heat_flow_4
• Sensible heat flux(sensible_heat_flux)
• corr_soil_heat_flow_4
• corr_soil_heat_flow_3
• corr_soil_heat_flow_2
• corr_soil_heat_flow_1
• temp_reference
• corr_soil_heat_flow_5

SGP/EBBR/E26 - Soil Heat Flow #5 Incorrect

Soil Heat Flow #5 was incorrect, causing the indicated measurements to be incorrect.

• Average soil heat flow at the surface(surface_soil_heat_flux_avg)
• Latent heat flux(latent_heat_flux)
• surface_soil_heat_flux_5
• soil_heat_flow_5
• corr_soil_heat_flow_5
• Sensible heat flux(sensible_heat_flux)

SGP/EBBR/E26 - Soil Heat Flow #1 Incorrect

Soil Heat Flow #1 was incorrect, causing the indicated measurements to be incorrect.
A broken sensor wire was at fault.

• Average soil heat flow at the surface(surface_soil_heat_flux_avg)
• Latent heat flux(latent_heat_flux)
• surface_soil_heat_flux_1
• soil_heat_flow_1
• corr_soil_heat_flow_1
• Sensible heat flux(sensible_heat_flux)

SGP/EBBR/E26 - Soil Heat Flow #2 Large Negative

Soil Heat Flow #2 was large negative and incorrect for an unknown reason.

• Average soil heat flow at the surface(surface_soil_heat_flux_avg)
• Latent heat flux(latent_heat_flux)
• surface_soil_heat_flux_2
• soil_heat_flow_2
• corr_soil_heat_flow_2
• Sensible heat flux(sensible_heat_flux)

SGP/EBBR/E26 - Left Air Temperature Incorrect

Incorrect left air temperature caused the indicated measurements to be incorrect.

• temp_air_bottom
• bowen_ratio
• Latent heat flux(latent_heat_flux)
• temp_air_top
• Sensible heat flux(sensible_heat_flux)

SGP/EBBR/E26 - Wind Speed Iced

The anemometer was frozen stopped by freezing rain.  Indicated data are incorrect.

• Wind speed, lower, 1-min avg(wspd_arith_mean)
• Wind speed vector mean(wspd_vec_mean)

SGP EBBR E26 - Data Suspect, Low Battery Voltage

The data measurements are suspect because of low battery voltage.
Some measurements may be correct, but most are probably incorrect.
Large home signals indicate very low battery voltage is present.

• Average soil heat flow at the surface(surface_soil_heat_flux_avg)
• Net radiation(net_radiation)
• Wind speed vector mean(wspd_vec_mean)
• soil_heat_capacity_5
• soil_heat_capacity_4
• soil_heat_capacity_2
• soil_heat_capacity_3
• bowen_ratio
• rh_top_fraction
• soil_heat_capacity_1
• Wind speed, lower, 1-min avg(wspd_arith_mean)
• home_signal_30
• Latent heat flux(latent_heat_flux)
• Soil temperature mean 5(soil_temp_5)
• Soil temperature mean 4(soil_temp_4)
• soil_heat_flow_3
• Soil temperature mean 3(soil_temp_3)
• soil_heat_flow_2
• soil_heat_flow_1
• Soil temperature mean 2(soil_temp_2)
• Soil temperature mean 1(soil_temp_1)
• soil_heat_flow_5
• vapor_pressure_top
• soil_heat_flow_4
• vapor_pressure_bottom
• corr_soil_heat_flow_4
• corr_soil_heat_flow_3
• corr_soil_heat_flow_2
• corr_soil_heat_flow_1
• temp_reference
• corr_soil_heat_flow_5
• temp_air_bottom
• Wind direction vector mean(wdir_vec_mean)
• wdir_vec_std
• energy_storage_change_1
• energy_storage_change_2
• energy_storage_change_3
• temp_air_top
• energy_storage_change_4
• energy_storage_change_5
• temp_trh_bottom
• soil_moisture_5
• surface_soil_heat_flux_5
• surface_soil_heat_flux_3
• surface_soil_heat_flux_4
• Atmospheric pressure(atmos_pressure)
• soil_moisture_1
• soil_moisture_2
• soil_moisture_3
• soil_moisture_4
• temp_trh_top
• rh_bottom_fraction
• home_signal_15
• surface_soil_heat_flux_2
• surface_soil_heat_flux_1
• Sensible heat flux(sensible_heat_flux)

SGP EBBR E26 - All Data Incorrect

All data was incorrect during these periods for unknown reasons.
However, this tends to happen during preventative maintenance
visits if sensors have to be changed out or tested and the 
datalogger program is reloaded, or if the battery voltage is low.

• Average soil heat flow at the surface(surface_soil_heat_flux_avg)
• Net radiation(net_radiation)
• Wind speed vector mean(wspd_vec_mean)
• soil_heat_capacity_5
• soil_heat_capacity_4
• soil_heat_capacity_2
• soil_heat_capacity_3
• bowen_ratio
• rh_top_fraction
• soil_heat_capacity_1
• Wind speed, lower, 1-min avg(wspd_arith_mean)
• home_signal_30
• Latent heat flux(latent_heat_flux)
• Soil temperature mean 5(soil_temp_5)
• Soil temperature mean 4(soil_temp_4)
• soil_heat_flow_3
• Soil temperature mean 3(soil_temp_3)
• soil_heat_flow_2
• soil_heat_flow_1
• Soil temperature mean 2(soil_temp_2)
• Soil temperature mean 1(soil_temp_1)
• soil_heat_flow_5
• vapor_pressure_top
• soil_heat_flow_4
• vapor_pressure_bottom
• corr_soil_heat_flow_4
• corr_soil_heat_flow_3
• corr_soil_heat_flow_2
• corr_soil_heat_flow_1
• temp_reference
• corr_soil_heat_flow_5
• temp_air_bottom
• Wind direction vector mean(wdir_vec_mean)
• wdir_vec_std
• energy_storage_change_1
• energy_storage_change_2
• energy_storage_change_3
• temp_air_top
• energy_storage_change_4
• energy_storage_change_5
• temp_trh_bottom
• soil_moisture_5
• surface_soil_heat_flux_5
• surface_soil_heat_flux_3
• surface_soil_heat_flux_4
• Atmospheric pressure(atmos_pressure)
• soil_moisture_1
• soil_moisture_2
• soil_moisture_3
• soil_moisture_4
• temp_trh_top
• rh_bottom_fraction
• home_signal_15
• surface_soil_heat_flux_2
• surface_soil_heat_flux_1
• Sensible heat flux(sensible_heat_flux)

SGP EBBR E26 - Soil Heat Flow #1 Incorrect

Soil Heat Flow #1 was incorrect because of a bad electronic
connection.  Average surface heat flow, sensible heat flux, and
latent heat flux are incorrect as a result; these can be re-calculated 
by using the remaining correct soil heat flows.

• Average soil heat flow at the surface(surface_soil_heat_flux_avg)
• Latent heat flux(latent_heat_flux)
• surface_soil_heat_flux_1
• soil_heat_flow_1
• corr_soil_heat_flow_1
• Sensible heat flux(sensible_heat_flux)

SGP EBBR E26 - Soil Heat Flow #2 Incorrect

Soil Heat Flow #2 was incorrect.  Average soil heat flow, 
sensible heat flux, and latent heat flux were therefore also
incorrect; these can be re-calculated from the remaining 
correct soil heat flows.

• Average soil heat flow at the surface(surface_soil_heat_flux_avg)
• Latent heat flux(latent_heat_flux)
• surface_soil_heat_flux_2
• soil_heat_flow_2
• corr_soil_heat_flow_2
• Sensible heat flux(sensible_heat_flux)

SGP EBBR E26 - Soil Heat Flow #3 Incorrect

Soil heat Flow #3 was incorrect (large negative).  Therefore
average soil heat flow, sensible heat flux, and latent heat flux were
also incorrect; these can be re-calculated using the remaining
correct soil heat flows.

• Average soil heat flow at the surface(surface_soil_heat_flux_avg)
• Latent heat flux(latent_heat_flux)
• soil_heat_flow_3
• corr_soil_heat_flow_3
• surface_soil_heat_flux_3
• Sensible heat flux(sensible_heat_flux)

SGP EBBR E26 - Soil Moisture #1 Incorrect

Soil Moisture #1 was a constant 33.7 and was incorrect.

Latent and Sensible Heat fluxes were normally minimally affected.

• Average soil heat flow at the surface(surface_soil_heat_flux_avg)
• soil_heat_capacity_1
• Latent heat flux(latent_heat_flux)
• surface_soil_heat_flux_1
• soil_heat_flow_1
• corr_soil_heat_flow_1
• soil_moisture_1
• Sensible heat flux(sensible_heat_flux)

SGP EBBR E26 - AEM Inbetween, Data Incorrect

While the AEM was inbetween the correct measurement positions the measurements from the 
two levels were incorrect.

The sensible and latent heat fluxes and Bowen ratio were therefore incorrect also.

• temp_air_bottom
• temp_trh_top
• vapor_pressure_bottom
• bowen_ratio
• rh_top_fraction
• rh_bottom_fraction
• Latent heat flux(latent_heat_flux)
• temp_air_top
• temp_trh_bottom
• vapor_pressure_top
• Sensible heat flux(sensible_heat_flux)

SGP EBBR E26 - Soil Heat Flow #5 Incorrect

Soil Heat Flow #5 was large negative during this period.

Therefore, calculated average soil heat flow, latent heat flux, and sensible heat flux 
were incorrect.  These measurements can be recalculated from the use of measurements from 
only soil heat flow sensors #1-4.

• Average soil heat flow at the surface(surface_soil_heat_flux_avg)
• Latent heat flux(latent_heat_flux)
• surface_soil_heat_flux_5
• soil_heat_flow_5
• corr_soil_heat_flow_5
• Sensible heat flux(sensible_heat_flux)

SGP EBBR E26 - Some Data Incorrect

The reference temperature sensor malfunctioned, causing all associated measurements to be 
incorrect.

• temp_air_bottom
• Average soil heat flow at the surface(surface_soil_heat_flux_avg)
• energy_storage_change_1
• energy_storage_change_2
• energy_storage_change_3
• temp_air_top
• energy_storage_change_4
• energy_storage_change_5
• temp_trh_bottom
• surface_soil_heat_flux_5
• surface_soil_heat_flux_3
• surface_soil_heat_flux_4
• temp_trh_top
• bowen_ratio
• Latent heat flux(latent_heat_flux)
• surface_soil_heat_flux_2
• surface_soil_heat_flux_1
• Soil temperature mean 5(soil_temp_5)
• Soil temperature mean 4(soil_temp_4)
• Soil temperature mean 3(soil_temp_3)
• Soil temperature mean 2(soil_temp_2)
• Soil temperature mean 1(soil_temp_1)
• vapor_pressure_top
• Sensible heat flux(sensible_heat_flux)
• vapor_pressure_bottom
• temp_reference

SGP EBBR E26 - Some Data Incorrect

Since soil temperature was not available for the previous half hour, soil energy storage 
could not be calculated properly for the indicated period.  The individual soil heat 
storage from the five soil sets, average soil heat flow, sensible heat flux, and latent heat 
flux are therefore incorrect.

• Average soil heat flow at the surface(surface_soil_heat_flux_avg)
• energy_storage_change_1
• energy_storage_change_2
• energy_storage_change_3
• Latent heat flux(latent_heat_flux)
• energy_storage_change_4
• surface_soil_heat_flux_2
• surface_soil_heat_flux_1
• energy_storage_change_5
• Sensible heat flux(sensible_heat_flux)
• surface_soil_heat_flux_5
• surface_soil_heat_flux_3
• surface_soil_heat_flux_4

SGP EBBR E26 - Data Incorrect During 6 Month Checks

The data was incorrect during the 6 month checks.

• Average soil heat flow at the surface(surface_soil_heat_flux_avg)
• Net radiation(net_radiation)
• Wind speed vector mean(wspd_vec_mean)
• soil_heat_capacity_5
• soil_heat_capacity_4
• soil_heat_capacity_2
• soil_heat_capacity_3
• bowen_ratio
• rh_top_fraction
• soil_heat_capacity_1
• Wind speed, lower, 1-min avg(wspd_arith_mean)
• Latent heat flux(latent_heat_flux)
• Soil temperature mean 5(soil_temp_5)
• Soil temperature mean 4(soil_temp_4)
• soil_heat_flow_3
• soil_heat_flow_2
• Soil temperature mean 3(soil_temp_3)
• soil_heat_flow_1
• Soil temperature mean 2(soil_temp_2)
• Soil temperature mean 1(soil_temp_1)
• soil_heat_flow_5
• soil_heat_flow_4
• vapor_pressure_top
• vapor_pressure_bottom
• corr_soil_heat_flow_4
• corr_soil_heat_flow_3
• corr_soil_heat_flow_2
• corr_soil_heat_flow_1
• temp_reference
• corr_soil_heat_flow_5
• temp_air_bottom
• Wind direction vector mean(wdir_vec_mean)
• wdir_vec_std
• energy_storage_change_1
• energy_storage_change_2
• energy_storage_change_3
• energy_storage_change_4
• temp_air_top
• energy_storage_change_5
• temp_trh_bottom
• soil_moisture_5
• surface_soil_heat_flux_5
• surface_soil_heat_flux_3
• surface_soil_heat_flux_4
• Atmospheric pressure(atmos_pressure)
• soil_moisture_1
• soil_moisture_2
• soil_moisture_3
• soil_moisture_4
• temp_trh_top
• rh_bottom_fraction
• surface_soil_heat_flux_2
• surface_soil_heat_flux_1
• Sensible heat flux(sensible_heat_flux)

SGP EBBR E26 - Low Battery Voltage

During the indicated the period the battery voltage often dropped 
to 10.4 volts or below.  At voltages less than 10.5 volts none of
the selected measurements can be considered to be correct.  The battery
charging capacity was insufficient to maintain voltage at night.

If the battery voltage is less than 10.5 volts (see battery voltage in the
15 minute data files), do not use the data.

• Average soil heat flow at the surface(surface_soil_heat_flux_avg)
• Net radiation(net_radiation)
• Wind speed vector mean(wspd_vec_mean)
• soil_heat_capacity_5
• soil_heat_capacity_4
• soil_heat_capacity_2
• soil_heat_capacity_3
• bowen_ratio
• rh_top_fraction
• soil_heat_capacity_1
• Wind speed, lower, 1-min avg(wspd_arith_mean)
• home_signal_30
• Latent heat flux(latent_heat_flux)
• Soil temperature mean 5(soil_temp_5)
• Soil temperature mean 4(soil_temp_4)
• soil_heat_flow_3
• soil_heat_flow_2
• Soil temperature mean 3(soil_temp_3)
• soil_heat_flow_1
• Soil temperature mean 2(soil_temp_2)
• Soil temperature mean 1(soil_temp_1)
• soil_heat_flow_5
• soil_heat_flow_4
• vapor_pressure_top
• vapor_pressure_bottom
• corr_soil_heat_flow_4
• corr_soil_heat_flow_3
• corr_soil_heat_flow_2
• corr_soil_heat_flow_1
• temp_reference
• corr_soil_heat_flow_5
• temp_air_bottom
• Wind direction vector mean(wdir_vec_mean)
• wdir_vec_std
• energy_storage_change_1
• energy_storage_change_2
• energy_storage_change_3
• energy_storage_change_4
• temp_air_top
• energy_storage_change_5
• temp_trh_bottom
• soil_moisture_5
• surface_soil_heat_flux_5
• surface_soil_heat_flux_3
• surface_soil_heat_flux_4
• Atmospheric pressure(atmos_pressure)
• soil_moisture_1
• soil_moisture_2
• soil_moisture_3
• soil_moisture_4
• temp_trh_top
• rh_bottom_fraction
• home_signal_15
• surface_soil_heat_flux_2
• surface_soil_heat_flux_1
• Sensible heat flux(sensible_heat_flux)

SGP EBBR E26 - Battery Voltage Low

The battery voltage often dropped below 10.5 volts. 

All data for voltages below 10.5 volts should be considered to be incorrect.

See the 15 minute data files, which contain the battery voltage, to 
determine when the data was incorrect.

• Average soil heat flow at the surface(surface_soil_heat_flux_avg)
• Net radiation(net_radiation)
• Wind speed vector mean(wspd_vec_mean)
• soil_heat_capacity_5
• soil_heat_capacity_4
• soil_heat_capacity_2
• soil_heat_capacity_3
• bowen_ratio
• rh_top_fraction
• soil_heat_capacity_1
• Wind speed, lower, 1-min avg(wspd_arith_mean)
• home_signal_30
• Latent heat flux(latent_heat_flux)
• Soil temperature mean 5(soil_temp_5)
• Soil temperature mean 4(soil_temp_4)
• soil_heat_flow_3
• soil_heat_flow_2
• Soil temperature mean 3(soil_temp_3)
• soil_heat_flow_1
• Soil temperature mean 2(soil_temp_2)
• Soil temperature mean 1(soil_temp_1)
• soil_heat_flow_5
• soil_heat_flow_4
• vapor_pressure_top
• vapor_pressure_bottom
• corr_soil_heat_flow_4
• corr_soil_heat_flow_3
• corr_soil_heat_flow_2
• corr_soil_heat_flow_1
• temp_reference
• corr_soil_heat_flow_5
• temp_air_bottom
• Wind direction vector mean(wdir_vec_mean)
• wdir_vec_std
• energy_storage_change_1
• energy_storage_change_2
• energy_storage_change_3
• energy_storage_change_4
• temp_air_top
• energy_storage_change_5
• temp_trh_bottom
• soil_moisture_5
• surface_soil_heat_flux_5
• surface_soil_heat_flux_3
• surface_soil_heat_flux_4
• Atmospheric pressure(atmos_pressure)
• soil_moisture_1
• soil_moisture_2
• soil_moisture_3
• soil_moisture_4
• temp_trh_top
• rh_bottom_fraction
• home_signal_15
• surface_soil_heat_flux_2
• surface_soil_heat_flux_1
• Sensible heat flux(sensible_heat_flux)

SGP/EBBR/E26 - 3-month Check

During EBBR 3 month checks the Automatic Exchange Mechanism is disabled
(reflected by home signals near zero) so that the two aspirator units can be
placed at the same height.  The measurements during this period, at least,
do not produce correct outputs of bowen ratio (bowen), sensible heat flux (h),
or latent heat flux (e), nor do the air temperature and relative humidity
measurements indicate gradients.  Checks performed before or after the AEM
is disabled also lead to some incorrect data.

• temp_air_bottom
• temp_trh_top
• vapor_pressure_bottom
• bowen_ratio
• rh_top_fraction
• rh_bottom_fraction
• Latent heat flux(latent_heat_flux)
• temp_air_top
• temp_trh_bottom
• vapor_pressure_top
• Sensible heat flux(sensible_heat_flux)

SGP/EBBR/E26 - 6 Month Checks

The indicated measurements were incorrect during the 6 month checks.

• temp_air_bottom
• temp_trh_top
• vapor_pressure_bottom
• bowen_ratio
• rh_top_fraction
• rh_bottom_fraction
• Latent heat flux(latent_heat_flux)
• temp_air_top
• temp_trh_bottom
• vapor_pressure_top
• Sensible heat flux(sensible_heat_flux)

SGP/EBBR/E26 - Measurements Zero

The measurements are often zero after a CR10 datalogger restart, as occurred here.

• Average soil heat flow at the surface(surface_soil_heat_flux_avg)
• Net radiation(net_radiation)
• Wind speed vector mean(wspd_vec_mean)
• soil_heat_capacity_5
• soil_heat_capacity_4
• soil_heat_capacity_2
• soil_heat_capacity_3
• bowen_ratio
• rh_top_fraction
• soil_heat_capacity_1
• Wind speed, lower, 1-min avg(wspd_arith_mean)
• home_signal_30
• Latent heat flux(latent_heat_flux)
• Soil temperature mean 5(soil_temp_5)
• Soil temperature mean 4(soil_temp_4)
• soil_heat_flow_3
• soil_heat_flow_2
• Soil temperature mean 3(soil_temp_3)
• soil_heat_flow_1
• Soil temperature mean 2(soil_temp_2)
• Soil temperature mean 1(soil_temp_1)
• soil_heat_flow_5
• soil_heat_flow_4
• vapor_pressure_top
• vapor_pressure_bottom
• corr_soil_heat_flow_4
• corr_soil_heat_flow_3
• corr_soil_heat_flow_2
• corr_soil_heat_flow_1
• temp_reference
• corr_soil_heat_flow_5
• temp_air_bottom
• Wind direction vector mean(wdir_vec_mean)
• wdir_vec_std
• energy_storage_change_1
• energy_storage_change_2
• energy_storage_change_3
• energy_storage_change_4
• temp_air_top
• energy_storage_change_5
• temp_trh_bottom
• soil_moisture_5
• surface_soil_heat_flux_5
• surface_soil_heat_flux_3
• surface_soil_heat_flux_4
• Atmospheric pressure(atmos_pressure)
• soil_moisture_1
• soil_moisture_2
• soil_moisture_3
• soil_moisture_4
• temp_trh_top
• rh_bottom_fraction
• home_signal_15
• surface_soil_heat_flux_2
• surface_soil_heat_flux_1
• Sensible heat flux(sensible_heat_flux)

SGP/EBBR/E26 - Measurements Incorrect

Change of energy storage (CES) measurements (calculated from the change of soil 
temperature with time) are sometimes incorrect after a CR10 program restart because the beginning 
measurement of the averaging period is zero.  

Average soil heat flow, sensible heat flux, and latent heat flux were affected and cannot 
be recalculated.

• Average soil heat flow at the surface(surface_soil_heat_flux_avg)
• energy_storage_change_1
• energy_storage_change_2
• energy_storage_change_3
• Latent heat flux(latent_heat_flux)
• energy_storage_change_4
• surface_soil_heat_flux_2
• surface_soil_heat_flux_1
• energy_storage_change_5
• Sensible heat flux(sensible_heat_flux)
• surface_soil_heat_flux_5
• surface_soil_heat_flux_3
• surface_soil_heat_flux_4

SGP/EBBR/E26 - Multiplexer 2 Failure From High Temperature

Multiplexer 2 is failing during times of control box temperatures above 29 degrees C.  The 
failure begins in the last channel and progresses to lower channels as the temperature 
increases.  It has not yet been determined whether the failure is in the relays or a solid 
state component of the multiplexer.  This condition is probably due to the aging of the 
device and the millions of cycles that this 10 year old device has made.  More failures 
of this sort may occur in the future.  A cure is being sought aside from replacement of 
the multiplexers to prevent the problem.

The indicated measurements need to be inspected to determine which ones are usable.

• temp_air_bottom
• Average soil heat flow at the surface(surface_soil_heat_flux_avg)
• bowen_ratio
• Latent heat flux(latent_heat_flux)
• temp_air_top
• soil_heat_flow_3
• soil_heat_flow_5
• soil_heat_flow_4
• Sensible heat flux(sensible_heat_flux)
• vapor_pressure_top
• vapor_pressure_bottom
• surface_soil_heat_flux_5
• corr_soil_heat_flow_4
• corr_soil_heat_flow_3
• surface_soil_heat_flux_3
• surface_soil_heat_flux_4
• corr_soil_heat_flow_5

SGP/EBBR/E26 - Annual Calibration Changeout

On 16 November 1996 the EBBR changeout for annual calibration occurred at 
E26, Cement, OK.  SEBS unit 2 was removed and unit 8 was installed.  
Data for half hours 1400 and 1430 GMT on 17 November is 
incorrect; 3 month calibration checks were being performed.

• Average soil heat flow at the surface(surface_soil_heat_flux_avg)
• Net radiation(net_radiation)
• Wind speed vector mean(wspd_vec_mean)
• soil_heat_capacity_5
• soil_heat_capacity_4
• soil_heat_capacity_2
• soil_heat_capacity_3
• bowen_ratio
• rh_top_fraction
• soil_heat_capacity_1
• Wind speed, lower, 1-min avg(wspd_arith_mean)
• home_signal_30
• North latitude(lat)
• Latent heat flux(latent_heat_flux)
• Soil temperature mean 5(soil_temp_5)
• Soil temperature mean 4(soil_temp_4)
• soil_heat_flow_3
• Soil temperature mean 3(soil_temp_3)
• soil_heat_flow_2
• soil_heat_flow_1
• Soil temperature mean 2(soil_temp_2)
• Soil temperature mean 1(soil_temp_1)
• soil_heat_flow_5
• vapor_pressure_top
• soil_heat_flow_4
• vapor_pressure_bottom
• corr_soil_heat_flow_4
• corr_soil_heat_flow_3
• corr_soil_heat_flow_2
• corr_soil_heat_flow_1
• temp_reference
• corr_soil_heat_flow_5
• temp_air_bottom
• Wind direction vector mean(wdir_vec_mean)
• wdir_vec_std
• energy_storage_change_1
• energy_storage_change_2
• energy_storage_change_3
• time_offset
• temp_air_top
• energy_storage_change_4
• energy_storage_change_5
• temp_trh_bottom
• Altitude above mean sea level(alt)
• soil_moisture_5
• surface_soil_heat_flux_5
• surface_soil_heat_flux_3
• surface_soil_heat_flux_4
• Atmospheric pressure(atmos_pressure)
• soil_moisture_1
• soil_moisture_2
• soil_moisture_3
• soil_moisture_4
• temp_trh_top
• rh_bottom_fraction
• home_signal_15
• surface_soil_heat_flux_2
• surface_soil_heat_flux_1
• base_time
• East longitude(lon)
• Sensible heat flux(sensible_heat_flux)

SGP/EBBR - Incorrect Units for Soil Heat Capacity (cs1, cs2, cs3, cs4, cs5) in 30EBBR 
Header

The units for Soil Heat Capacity (cs1, cs2, cs3, cs4, cs5) in the 
EBBR 30 minute netcdf header have been incorrect from the beginning 
of processing the data into netcdf files.  The correct units are 
MJ/m^3/C.

This does not affect the data quality.

• soil_heat_capacity_2
• soil_heat_capacity_3
• soil_heat_capacity_1
• soil_heat_capacity_5
• soil_heat_capacity_4

SGP/EBBR - Incorrect Units for Soil Heat Capacity (cs1, cs2, cs3, cs4, cs5) in 30EBBR 
Header

The units for Soil Heat Capacity (cs1, cs2, cs3, cs4,
cs5) in the EBBR 30 minute netcdf header have been 
incorrect from the beginning of processing the data
into netcdf files.  The correct units are MJ/m^3/C.
   
This does not affect the data quality.

(NOTE: The actual begin date of some of these data streams
 is as early as 7/4/93.  This DQR applies to all 30m EBBR
 data.)

• soil_heat_capacity_2
• soil_heat_capacity_3
• soil_heat_capacity_1
• soil_heat_capacity_5
• soil_heat_capacity_4

SGP/EBBR/E26 - Data Incorrect during 6 month checks

Some of the measurements are incorrect during the 6 month checks.

• temp_air_bottom
• temp_trh_top
• vapor_pressure_bottom
• bowen_ratio
• rh_top_fraction
• rh_bottom_fraction
• Latent heat flux(latent_heat_flux)
• temp_air_top
• temp_trh_bottom
• vapor_pressure_top
• Sensible heat flux(sensible_heat_flux)

SGP/EBBR/E26 - Measurements zero following logger restart

Most of the measurements were zero, which normally happens after a 
datalogger restart.

• Average soil heat flow at the surface(surface_soil_heat_flux_avg)
• Net radiation(net_radiation)
• Wind speed vector mean(wspd_vec_mean)
• soil_heat_capacity_5
• soil_heat_capacity_4
• soil_heat_capacity_2
• soil_heat_capacity_3
• bowen_ratio
• rh_top_fraction
• soil_heat_capacity_1
• Wind speed, lower, 1-min avg(wspd_arith_mean)
• home_signal_30
• Latent heat flux(latent_heat_flux)
• Soil temperature mean 5(soil_temp_5)
• Soil temperature mean 4(soil_temp_4)
• soil_heat_flow_3
• soil_heat_flow_2
• Soil temperature mean 3(soil_temp_3)
• soil_heat_flow_1
• Soil temperature mean 2(soil_temp_2)
• Soil temperature mean 1(soil_temp_1)
• soil_heat_flow_5
• soil_heat_flow_4
• vapor_pressure_top
• vapor_pressure_bottom
• corr_soil_heat_flow_4
• corr_soil_heat_flow_3
• corr_soil_heat_flow_2
• corr_soil_heat_flow_1
• temp_reference
• corr_soil_heat_flow_5
• temp_air_bottom
• Wind direction vector mean(wdir_vec_mean)
• wdir_vec_std
• energy_storage_change_1
• energy_storage_change_2
• energy_storage_change_3
• energy_storage_change_4
• temp_air_top
• energy_storage_change_5
• temp_trh_bottom
• soil_moisture_5
• surface_soil_heat_flux_5
• surface_soil_heat_flux_3
• surface_soil_heat_flux_4
• Atmospheric pressure(atmos_pressure)
• soil_moisture_1
• soil_moisture_2
• soil_moisture_3
• soil_moisture_4
• temp_trh_top
• rh_bottom_fraction
• home_signal_15
• surface_soil_heat_flux_2
• surface_soil_heat_flux_1
• Sensible heat flux(sensible_heat_flux)

SGP/EBBR/E26 - Multiplexer Problem

One of the multiplexers exhibited dropouts of the channels, beginning
with the last channel at temperatures above about 30 C and moving backward
through the channels as the temperature rose. High temperatures affected the
switching speed of the multiplexer.  This is the first time that this behavior has been 
documented in a Campbell Scientific multiplexer. The multiplexer had
been in continuous field use for 10 years and had experienced probably more
switching cycles than what is normally expected of the device in that period.

The multiplexer was replaced to solve the problem.

• temp_air_bottom
• Average soil heat flow at the surface(surface_soil_heat_flux_avg)
• Latent heat flux(latent_heat_flux)
• temp_air_top
• surface_soil_heat_flux_2
• surface_soil_heat_flux_1
• Sensible heat flux(sensible_heat_flux)
• surface_soil_heat_flux_5
• corr_soil_heat_flow_4
• corr_soil_heat_flow_3
• corr_soil_heat_flow_2
• surface_soil_heat_flux_3
• surface_soil_heat_flux_4
• corr_soil_heat_flow_1
• corr_soil_heat_flow_5

SGP/EBBR/E26 - Water in broken Net Radiometer Dome

The net radiation measurement is incorrect. Measurements 
calculated using net radiation are also incorrect.  

No work-around is possible for this situation.

• Latent heat flux(latent_heat_flux)
• Net radiation(net_radiation)
• Sensible heat flux(sensible_heat_flux)

SGP/EBBR/E26 - Battery Voltage Low

When Battery Voltage drops below 10.5 volts, most 
measurements are suspect and some are often incorrect.

The user will need to inspect the data carefully to 
determine the useability of the data.

• Average soil heat flow at the surface(surface_soil_heat_flux_avg)
• Net radiation(net_radiation)
• Wind speed vector mean(wspd_vec_mean)
• soil_heat_capacity_5
• soil_heat_capacity_4
• soil_heat_capacity_2
• soil_heat_capacity_3
• bowen_ratio
• rh_top_fraction
• soil_heat_capacity_1
• Wind speed, lower, 1-min avg(wspd_arith_mean)
• home_signal_30
• Latent heat flux(latent_heat_flux)
• Soil temperature mean 5(soil_temp_5)
• Soil temperature mean 4(soil_temp_4)
• soil_heat_flow_3
• soil_heat_flow_2
• Soil temperature mean 3(soil_temp_3)
• soil_heat_flow_1
• Soil temperature mean 2(soil_temp_2)
• Soil temperature mean 1(soil_temp_1)
• soil_heat_flow_5
• soil_heat_flow_4
• vapor_pressure_top
• vapor_pressure_bottom
• corr_soil_heat_flow_4
• corr_soil_heat_flow_3
• corr_soil_heat_flow_2
• corr_soil_heat_flow_1
• temp_reference
• corr_soil_heat_flow_5
• temp_air_bottom
• Wind direction vector mean(wdir_vec_mean)
• wdir_vec_std
• energy_storage_change_1
• energy_storage_change_2
• energy_storage_change_3
• energy_storage_change_4
• temp_air_top
• energy_storage_change_5
• temp_trh_bottom
• soil_moisture_5
• surface_soil_heat_flux_5
• surface_soil_heat_flux_3
• surface_soil_heat_flux_4
• Atmospheric pressure(atmos_pressure)
• soil_moisture_1
• soil_moisture_2
• soil_moisture_3
• soil_moisture_4
• temp_trh_top
• rh_bottom_fraction
• home_signal_15
• surface_soil_heat_flux_2
• surface_soil_heat_flux_1
• Sensible heat flux(sensible_heat_flux)

SGP/EBBR/E26 - AEM Hung

The AEM hung inbetween home positions during the period.  The Bowen ratio, gradient 
measurements, sensible heat flux, and latent heat flux are incorrect.

• temp_air_bottom
• temp_trh_top
• vapor_pressure_bottom
• bowen_ratio
• rh_top_fraction
• rh_bottom_fraction
• Latent heat flux(latent_heat_flux)
• temp_air_top
• temp_trh_bottom
• vapor_pressure_top
• Sensible heat flux(sensible_heat_flux)

SGP/EBBR/E26 - Data zeros following logger restart

Most measurements were zero after restart of the CR10 datalogger,
after a calibration changeout of the EBBR unit.

• Average soil heat flow at the surface(surface_soil_heat_flux_avg)
• Net radiation(net_radiation)
• Wind speed vector mean(wspd_vec_mean)
• soil_heat_capacity_5
• soil_heat_capacity_4
• soil_heat_capacity_2
• soil_heat_capacity_3
• bowen_ratio
• rh_top_fraction
• soil_heat_capacity_1
• home_signal_30
• Wind speed, lower, 1-min avg(wspd_arith_mean)
• Latent heat flux(latent_heat_flux)
• Soil temperature mean 5(soil_temp_5)
• Soil temperature mean 4(soil_temp_4)
• soil_heat_flow_3
• soil_heat_flow_2
• Soil temperature mean 3(soil_temp_3)
• soil_heat_flow_1
• Soil temperature mean 2(soil_temp_2)
• Soil temperature mean 1(soil_temp_1)
• soil_heat_flow_5
• soil_heat_flow_4
• vapor_pressure_top
• vapor_pressure_bottom
• corr_soil_heat_flow_4
• corr_soil_heat_flow_3
• corr_soil_heat_flow_2
• corr_soil_heat_flow_1
• temp_reference
• corr_soil_heat_flow_5
• temp_air_bottom
• Wind direction vector mean(wdir_vec_mean)
• wdir_vec_std
• energy_storage_change_1
• energy_storage_change_2
• energy_storage_change_3
• energy_storage_change_4
• temp_air_top
• energy_storage_change_5
• temp_trh_bottom
• soil_moisture_5
• surface_soil_heat_flux_5
• surface_soil_heat_flux_3
• surface_soil_heat_flux_4
• Atmospheric pressure(atmos_pressure)
• soil_moisture_1
• soil_moisture_2
• soil_moisture_3
• soil_moisture_4
• temp_trh_top
• rh_bottom_fraction
• home_signal_15
• surface_soil_heat_flux_2
• surface_soil_heat_flux_1
• Sensible heat flux(sensible_heat_flux)

SGP/EBBR/E26 - Left Air Temperature Incorrect

The left air temperature was incorrect during the period.  Poor electronic
connections may have caused this.

• temp_air_bottom
• vapor_pressure_bottom
• bowen_ratio
• Latent heat flux(latent_heat_flux)
• temp_air_top
• vapor_pressure_top
• Sensible heat flux(sensible_heat_flux)

SGP/EBBR/E26 - E26 EBBR Soil Heat Flow #1 Incorrect

Soil Heat Flow #1 was incorrect much of the time.

The sensor was replaced.

• Average soil heat flow at the surface(surface_soil_heat_flux_avg)
• Latent heat flux(latent_heat_flux)
• surface_soil_heat_flux_1
• soil_heat_flow_1
• corr_soil_heat_flow_1
• Sensible heat flux(sensible_heat_flux)

SGP/EBBR/E26 -Right Air Temperature Incorrect

One of the Right Air Temperature connections was loose, producing incorrect data.

• temp_air_bottom
• bowen_ratio
• Latent heat flux(latent_heat_flux)
• temp_air_top
• Sensible heat flux(sensible_heat_flux)

SGP/EBBR/E26 -  6 Month Checks

Many measurements were incorrect while the AEM was positioned with both aspirators at the 
same height for comparison checks.

• temp_air_bottom
• temp_trh_top
• vapor_pressure_bottom
• bowen_ratio
• rh_top_fraction
• rh_bottom_fraction
• Latent heat flux(latent_heat_flux)
• temp_air_top
• temp_trh_bottom
• vapor_pressure_top
• Sensible heat flux(sensible_heat_flux)

SGP/EBBR/E26 - Soil Heat Flow #5 Large Positive

Soil Heat Flow #5 was large positive for these two periods, for
an unknown reason.

• Average soil heat flow at the surface(surface_soil_heat_flux_avg)
• Latent heat flux(latent_heat_flux)
• surface_soil_heat_flux_5
• soil_heat_flow_5
• corr_soil_heat_flow_5
• Sensible heat flux(sensible_heat_flux)

SGP/EBBR/E26  - Soil Storage Incorrect; Surface Fluxes Incorrect

The half hour after restart of the CR10 datalogger, the soil temperatures for the 
beginning of the period are missing.  Therefore the soil energy storage and surface flux values 
are also incorrect.

• Average soil heat flow at the surface(surface_soil_heat_flux_avg)
• energy_storage_change_1
• energy_storage_change_2
• energy_storage_change_3
• Latent heat flux(latent_heat_flux)
• energy_storage_change_4
• surface_soil_heat_flux_2
• surface_soil_heat_flux_1
• energy_storage_change_5
• Sensible heat flux(sensible_heat_flux)
• surface_soil_heat_flux_5
• surface_soil_heat_flux_3
• surface_soil_heat_flux_4

SGP/EBBR/E26 - AEM Home Signals Incorrect, Surface Fluxes Incorrect

During a preventative maintenance visit to perform the 6-month
calibrations, the home15 and home30 outputs began reading the
same as one another.  A fuse replacement and lubrication of the 
AEM sprockets on 11/13 corrected the problem.

During the interval specified, the home15, home30, and sensible
and latent heat fluxes are incorrect.

• temp_air_bottom
• temp_trh_top
• vapor_pressure_bottom
• bowen_ratio
• rh_top_fraction
• home_signal_30
• rh_bottom_fraction
• Latent heat flux(latent_heat_flux)
• home_signal_15
• temp_air_top
• temp_trh_bottom
• vapor_pressure_top
• Sensible heat flux(sensible_heat_flux)

SGP/EBBR/E26 - 6 Month Checks

Many measurements were incorrect while the AEM was positioned with both aspirators at the 
same height for comparison checks.

• temp_air_bottom
• temp_trh_top
• vapor_pressure_bottom
• bowen_ratio
• rh_top_fraction
• rh_bottom_fraction
• Latent heat flux(latent_heat_flux)
• temp_air_top
• temp_trh_bottom
• vapor_pressure_top
• Sensible heat flux(sensible_heat_flux)

SGP/EBBR/E26 - Spark Gap Bad, Pressure Incorrect

In a trip to E26, I found that a bad spark gap through which the barometer was powered was 
causing pressure measurements to be incorrect.  The pressure readings oscillated with 
the voltage of the EBBR battery.  During daytime the voltage and thus the pressure would 
increase and vice versa during dark hours.

Apparently only the positive side of the power supply was properly connected through the 
spark gap and thus the voltage received by the pressure sensor was lower than required to 
power it properly.  Under this condition the perssure measurement varies with voltage 
level.  The pressure measurements therefore had a diurnal signature and usually were 
incorrect.  

The decreased pressure during most times would cause latent heat flux to be slightly 
overestimated and sensible heat flux to be slightly underestimated.

• bowen_ratio
• Latent heat flux(latent_heat_flux)
• Atmospheric pressure(atmos_pressure)
• Sensible heat flux(sensible_heat_flux)

SGP/EBBR/E26  - Wind Speed Sensor Frozen By Ice Storm

The wind speed sensor was frozen stopped by ice from a storm.  The wind speed 
and residual wind speed measurements are incorrect.

• Wind speed, lower, 1-min avg(wspd_arith_mean)
• Wind speed vector mean(wspd_vec_mean)

SGP/EBBR/E26  - Wind Direction Sensor Frozen By Ice Storm

The wind direction sensor was frozen stopped by ice from a storm.  
The wind direction, sigma_wd, and residual wind speed measurements 
are incorrect.

• Wind direction vector mean(wdir_vec_mean)
• wdir_vec_std
• Wind speed vector mean(wspd_vec_mean)

SGP/EBBR/E26  - Wind Speed Frozen Stopped By Ice

An ice storm froze the wind speed sensor to a stopped condition.

The wind speed and residual wind speed measurements are incorrect.

This sensor failure does not affect the sensible and latent heat fluxes.

• Wind speed, lower, 1-min avg(wspd_arith_mean)
• Wind speed vector mean(wspd_vec_mean)

SGP/EBBR/E26  - Wind Direction Frozen Stopped By Ice

The wind direction sensor was frozen stopped by ice from a storm.  
The wind direction, sigma_wd, and residual wind speed measurements 
are incorrect.

• Wind direction vector mean(wdir_vec_mean)
• wdir_vec_std
• Wind speed vector mean(wspd_vec_mean)

SGP/EBBR/E26 - Soil Temperature #4 and Soil Heat Flow #4 Incorrect

The soil temperature and soil heat flow probes for set #4 was pulled 
partially out of the ground.  This caused soil temperature #4 to be too high and soil heat 
flow #4 to be too low.  The error is not so great as to cause a large error in the 
sensible and latent heat fluxes.

• Latent heat flux(latent_heat_flux)
• energy_storage_change_4
• corr_soil_heat_flow_4
• Soil temperature mean 4(soil_temp_4)
• surface_soil_heat_flux_4
• soil_heat_capacity_4
• Sensible heat flux(sensible_heat_flux)
• soil_heat_flow_4

SGP/EBBR/E26 - Spark Gap Bad, Pressure Incorrect

In a trip to E26, I found that a bad spark gap through which the barometer was powered was 
causing pressure measurements to be incorrect.  The pressure readings oscillated with 
the voltage of the EBBR battery.  During daytime the voltage and thus the pressure would 
increase and vice versa during dark hours.

Apparently only the positive side of the power supply was properly connected through the 
spark gap and thus the voltage received by the pressure sensor was lower than required to 
power it properly.  Under this condition the perssure measurement varies with voltage 
level.  The pressure measurements therefore had a diurnal signature and usually were 
incorrect.  

The decreased pressure during most times would cause latent heat flux to be slightly 
overestimated and sensible heat flux to be slightly underestimated.

• bowen_ratio
• Latent heat flux(latent_heat_flux)
• Atmospheric pressure(atmos_pressure)
• Sensible heat flux(sensible_heat_flux)

SGP/EBBR/E26 - 6 Month Checks

Many measurements were incorrect while the AEM was positioned with both aspirators at the 
same height for comparison checks.

• temp_air_bottom
• temp_trh_top
• vapor_pressure_bottom
• bowen_ratio
• rh_top_fraction
• rh_bottom_fraction
• Latent heat flux(latent_heat_flux)
• temp_air_top
• temp_trh_bottom
• vapor_pressure_top
• Sensible heat flux(sensible_heat_flux)

SGP/EBBR/E26 - Low Battery Voltage - Many Measurements Incorrect

During low battery voltage conditions (< 10.5 V especially) many measurements are 
incorrect.

• Average soil heat flow at the surface(surface_soil_heat_flux_avg)
• Net radiation(net_radiation)
• Wind speed vector mean(wspd_vec_mean)
• soil_heat_capacity_5
• soil_heat_capacity_4
• soil_heat_capacity_2
• soil_heat_capacity_3
• bowen_ratio
• rh_top_fraction
• soil_heat_capacity_1
• Wind speed, lower, 1-min avg(wspd_arith_mean)
• home_signal_30
• Latent heat flux(latent_heat_flux)
• Soil temperature mean 5(soil_temp_5)
• Soil temperature mean 4(soil_temp_4)
• soil_heat_flow_3
• Soil temperature mean 3(soil_temp_3)
• soil_heat_flow_2
• soil_heat_flow_1
• Soil temperature mean 2(soil_temp_2)
• Soil temperature mean 1(soil_temp_1)
• soil_heat_flow_5
• vapor_pressure_top
• soil_heat_flow_4
• vapor_pressure_bottom
• corr_soil_heat_flow_4
• corr_soil_heat_flow_3
• corr_soil_heat_flow_2
• corr_soil_heat_flow_1
• temp_reference
• corr_soil_heat_flow_5
• temp_air_bottom
• Wind direction vector mean(wdir_vec_mean)
• wdir_vec_std
• energy_storage_change_1
• energy_storage_change_2
• energy_storage_change_3
• temp_air_top
• energy_storage_change_4
• energy_storage_change_5
• temp_trh_bottom
• soil_moisture_5
• surface_soil_heat_flux_5
• surface_soil_heat_flux_3
• surface_soil_heat_flux_4
• Atmospheric pressure(atmos_pressure)
• soil_moisture_1
• soil_moisture_2
• soil_moisture_3
• soil_moisture_4
• temp_trh_top
• rh_bottom_fraction
• home_signal_15
• surface_soil_heat_flux_2
• surface_soil_heat_flux_1
• Sensible heat flux(sensible_heat_flux)

SGP/EBBR/E26 - Most Measurements Incorrect

Most of the measurements became either too large or too small.
The cause is not known.

• Average soil heat flow at the surface(surface_soil_heat_flux_avg)
• Net radiation(net_radiation)
• Wind speed vector mean(wspd_vec_mean)
• soil_heat_capacity_5
• soil_heat_capacity_4
• soil_heat_capacity_2
• soil_heat_capacity_3
• bowen_ratio
• rh_top_fraction
• soil_heat_capacity_1
• Wind speed, lower, 1-min avg(wspd_arith_mean)
• home_signal_30
• Latent heat flux(latent_heat_flux)
• Soil temperature mean 5(soil_temp_5)
• Soil temperature mean 4(soil_temp_4)
• soil_heat_flow_3
• soil_heat_flow_2
• Soil temperature mean 3(soil_temp_3)
• soil_heat_flow_1
• Soil temperature mean 2(soil_temp_2)
• Soil temperature mean 1(soil_temp_1)
• soil_heat_flow_5
• soil_heat_flow_4
• vapor_pressure_top
• vapor_pressure_bottom
• corr_soil_heat_flow_4
• corr_soil_heat_flow_3
• corr_soil_heat_flow_2
• corr_soil_heat_flow_1
• temp_reference
• corr_soil_heat_flow_5
• temp_air_bottom
• Wind direction vector mean(wdir_vec_mean)
• wdir_vec_std
• energy_storage_change_1
• energy_storage_change_2
• energy_storage_change_3
• energy_storage_change_4
• temp_air_top
• energy_storage_change_5
• temp_trh_bottom
• soil_moisture_5
• surface_soil_heat_flux_5
• surface_soil_heat_flux_3
• surface_soil_heat_flux_4
• Atmospheric pressure(atmos_pressure)
• soil_moisture_1
• soil_moisture_2
• soil_moisture_3
• soil_moisture_4
• temp_trh_top
• rh_bottom_fraction
• home_signal_15
• surface_soil_heat_flux_2
• surface_soil_heat_flux_1
• Sensible heat flux(sensible_heat_flux)

SGP/EBBR/E26  - Wind Speed Frozen Stopped By Ice Storm

An ice storm froze the wind speed sensor to a stopped condition.

The wind speed and residual wind speed measurements are incorrect.

This sensor failure does not affect the sensible and latent heat fluxes.

• Wind speed, lower, 1-min avg(wspd_arith_mean)
• Wind speed vector mean(wspd_vec_mean)

SGP/EBBR/E26  - Wind Direction Frozen Stopped By Ice Storm

The wind direction sensor was frozen stopped by ice from a storm.  
The wind direction, sigma_wd, and residual wind speed measurements 
are incorrect.

• Wind direction vector mean(wdir_vec_mean)
• wdir_vec_std
• Wind speed vector mean(wspd_vec_mean)

SGP/EBBR/E26 - Aging Pressure Sensor Output Changes
With Supply Voltage

The E26 EBBR pressure sensor experienced the poor internal voltage regulation problem 
experienced at other sites last year.  Aging of the internal voltage regulator caused the 
pressure output to drop by 1-2 kPa (0.1-0.5 kPa is normal) when the Sun rose and the solar 
panel goosed the battery voltage up.  

The sensible and latent heat fluxes were not significantly affected.

• Atmospheric pressure(atmos_pressure)

SGP/EBBR/E26 - Incorrect soil type coefficients used

The soil type coefficents for soil moisture were incorrect from the day
of the system installation on, making soil moisture values too large.

As a result, soil heat flows were overmeasured, and sensible and latent heat fluxes were 
underestimated.

• Average soil heat flow at the surface(surface_soil_heat_flux_avg)
• energy_storage_change_1
• energy_storage_change_2
• energy_storage_change_3
• energy_storage_change_4
• energy_storage_change_5
• surface_soil_heat_flux_5
• soil_moisture_5
• surface_soil_heat_flux_3
• surface_soil_heat_flux_4
• soil_moisture_1
• soil_heat_capacity_5
• soil_moisture_2
• soil_heat_capacity_4
• soil_moisture_3
• soil_moisture_4
• soil_heat_capacity_2
• soil_heat_capacity_3
• soil_heat_capacity_1
• Latent heat flux(latent_heat_flux)
• surface_soil_heat_flux_2
• surface_soil_heat_flux_1
• Sensible heat flux(sensible_heat_flux)
• corr_soil_heat_flow_4
• corr_soil_heat_flow_3
• corr_soil_heat_flow_2
• corr_soil_heat_flow_1
• corr_soil_heat_flow_5

SGP/EBBR/E26 - Improved EBBR CR10 Program

Effective 20050331.1700, the EBBR.E26 CR10 program was revised to improve 
the quality of the primary measurements as follows:
   
1) An RMS procedure is used to determine max and min limits of acceptable
soil heat flow.  This is applied to the individual soil sets.  Measurements
outside the limits are rejected and the measurements within the limits are
used to calculate the average soil heat flow.
   
2) Max and min limits are used to determine incorrect values of net
radiation, sensible heat flux (h), latent heat flux (e), and automatic
exchange mechanism (AEM) signal.  If AEM signal is outside the limits, h 
and e are set to 999s.  If net radiation is outside the limits, h and e are 
set to 999s. If h or e are outside the limits, h and e are set to 999s.
   
Virtually no incorrect soil measurement will affect the primary 
measurements of h and e.
   
By setting h and e to 999s, it can be easily seen that the primary 
variables are incorrect; no other interpretation is possible.
   
Prior to 20050331, the improved CR10 program was NOT in effect.  DQRs have
been submitted for known instances of incorrect soil measurements which
affected the quality of the primary measurements of h and e.
   
Note: the DQR begin date is the begin date of the sgp30ebbrE26.b1 data
stream.  The earlier version of the CR10 program was also used on previous
EBBR datastream names (e.g. sgp30ebbrE26.a1).
~

• Average soil heat flow at the surface(surface_soil_heat_flux_avg)
• Latent heat flux(latent_heat_flux)
• Sensible heat flux(sensible_heat_flux)

SGP/EBBR/E26 - Average Soil Heat Flux Incorrect

A typo in the version 9 EBBR program caused average soil heat flow to be zero, resulting 
in both sensible and latent heat fluxes being approximately 20 watts per meter squared too 
large during the middle of the day.

• Average soil heat flow at the surface(surface_soil_heat_flux_avg)
• Latent heat flux(latent_heat_flux)
• Sensible heat flux(sensible_heat_flux)

SGP/EBBR/E26 - metadata corrections

On 20050723, a series of metadata corrections and additions were completed.  These 
metadata changes apply to all EBBR.E26 data collected by ARM back to the installation of the 
instrument in June 1992. Please see the current metadata for correct information.  These 
changes do not affect data values or quality.	

The changes are summarized below:
1) Update of "sensor location" information
2) Addition of installation dates for the systems
3) Correction of soil moisture units (from "by volume" to "gravimetric")

• base_time

SGP/EBBR/E26 - Data Suspect During Low Supply Voltage

Low battery supply voltage resulted in high home signals and questionable data at times.
Data for battery voltage <10.5 volts should be considered to be incorrect.

• Average soil heat flow at the surface(surface_soil_heat_flux_avg)
• Net radiation(net_radiation)
• Wind speed vector mean(wspd_vec_mean)
• soil_heat_capacity_5
• soil_heat_capacity_4
• soil_heat_capacity_2
• soil_heat_capacity_3
• bowen_ratio
• rh_top_fraction
• soil_heat_capacity_1
• Wind speed, lower, 1-min avg(wspd_arith_mean)
• home_signal_30
• North latitude(lat)
• Latent heat flux(latent_heat_flux)
• Soil temperature mean 5(soil_temp_5)
• Soil temperature mean 4(soil_temp_4)
• soil_heat_flow_3
• Soil temperature mean 3(soil_temp_3)
• soil_heat_flow_2
• soil_heat_flow_1
• Soil temperature mean 2(soil_temp_2)
• Soil temperature mean 1(soil_temp_1)
• soil_heat_flow_5
• vapor_pressure_top
• soil_heat_flow_4
• vapor_pressure_bottom
• corr_soil_heat_flow_4
• corr_soil_heat_flow_3
• corr_soil_heat_flow_2
• corr_soil_heat_flow_1
• temp_reference
• corr_soil_heat_flow_5
• temp_air_bottom
• Wind direction vector mean(wdir_vec_mean)
• wdir_vec_std
• energy_storage_change_1
• energy_storage_change_2
• energy_storage_change_3
• time_offset
• temp_air_top
• energy_storage_change_4
• energy_storage_change_5
• temp_trh_bottom
• Altitude above mean sea level(alt)
• soil_moisture_5
• surface_soil_heat_flux_5
• surface_soil_heat_flux_3
• surface_soil_heat_flux_4
• Atmospheric pressure(atmos_pressure)
• soil_moisture_1
• soil_moisture_2
• soil_moisture_3
• soil_moisture_4
• temp_trh_top
• rh_bottom_fraction
• home_signal_15
• surface_soil_heat_flux_2
• surface_soil_heat_flux_1
• base_time
• East longitude(lon)
• Sensible heat flux(sensible_heat_flux)

SGP/EBBR/E26 - Measurements Incorrect

Most measurements were incorrect during low battery voltage conditions.

• Average soil heat flow at the surface(surface_soil_heat_flux_avg)
• Net radiation(net_radiation)
• Wind speed vector mean(wspd_vec_mean)
• soil_heat_capacity_5
• soil_heat_capacity_4
• soil_heat_capacity_2
• soil_heat_capacity_3
• bowen_ratio
• rh_top_fraction
• soil_heat_capacity_1
• Wind speed, lower, 1-min avg(wspd_arith_mean)
• home_signal_30
• North latitude(lat)
• Latent heat flux(latent_heat_flux)
• Soil temperature mean 5(soil_temp_5)
• Soil temperature mean 4(soil_temp_4)
• soil_heat_flow_3
• Soil temperature mean 3(soil_temp_3)
• soil_heat_flow_2
• soil_heat_flow_1
• Soil temperature mean 2(soil_temp_2)
• Soil temperature mean 1(soil_temp_1)
• soil_heat_flow_5
• vapor_pressure_top
• soil_heat_flow_4
• vapor_pressure_bottom
• corr_soil_heat_flow_4
• corr_soil_heat_flow_3
• corr_soil_heat_flow_2
• corr_soil_heat_flow_1
• temp_reference
• corr_soil_heat_flow_5
• temp_air_bottom
• Wind direction vector mean(wdir_vec_mean)
• wdir_vec_std
• energy_storage_change_1
• energy_storage_change_2
• energy_storage_change_3
• time_offset
• temp_air_top
• energy_storage_change_4
• energy_storage_change_5
• temp_trh_bottom
• Altitude above mean sea level(alt)
• soil_moisture_5
• surface_soil_heat_flux_5
• surface_soil_heat_flux_3
• surface_soil_heat_flux_4
• Atmospheric pressure(atmos_pressure)
• soil_moisture_1
• soil_moisture_2
• soil_moisture_3
• soil_moisture_4
• temp_trh_top
• rh_bottom_fraction
• home_signal_15
• surface_soil_heat_flux_2
• surface_soil_heat_flux_1
• base_time
• East longitude(lon)
• Sensible heat flux(sensible_heat_flux)

SGP/EBBR/E26 - Sensible and Latent Heat Fluxes Affected by bad temp sensor

The left Thum (temperature of the humidity sensor chamber) measurement was incorrect at 
times, affecting several measurements, including the sensible and latent heat fluxes.

• temp_trh_top
• vapor_pressure_bottom
• bowen_ratio
• Latent heat flux(latent_heat_flux)
• temp_trh_bottom
• vapor_pressure_top
• Sensible heat flux(sensible_heat_flux)

SGP/EBBR/E26 - Wind Speed Incorrect

The wind speed sensor was frozen stopped by freezing rain.

• Wind speed, lower, 1-min avg(wspd_arith_mean)
• Wind speed vector mean(wspd_vec_mean)

SGP/EBBR/E26 - Low supply voltage

Low supply voltage during much of the period resulted in missing or incorrect
data most of the time.

• Average soil heat flow at the surface(surface_soil_heat_flux_avg)
• Net radiation(net_radiation)
• Wind speed vector mean(wspd_vec_mean)
• soil_heat_capacity_5
• soil_heat_capacity_4
• soil_heat_capacity_2
• soil_heat_capacity_3
• bowen_ratio
• rh_top_fraction
• soil_heat_capacity_1
• Wind speed, lower, 1-min avg(wspd_arith_mean)
• home_signal_30
• Latent heat flux(latent_heat_flux)
• Soil temperature mean 5(soil_temp_5)
• Soil temperature mean 4(soil_temp_4)
• soil_heat_flow_3
• soil_heat_flow_2
• Soil temperature mean 3(soil_temp_3)
• soil_heat_flow_1
• Soil temperature mean 2(soil_temp_2)
• Soil temperature mean 1(soil_temp_1)
• soil_heat_flow_5
• soil_heat_flow_4
• vapor_pressure_top
• vapor_pressure_bottom
• corr_soil_heat_flow_4
• corr_soil_heat_flow_3
• corr_soil_heat_flow_2
• corr_soil_heat_flow_1
• temp_reference
• corr_soil_heat_flow_5
• temp_air_bottom
• Wind direction vector mean(wdir_vec_mean)
• wdir_vec_std
• energy_storage_change_1
• energy_storage_change_2
• energy_storage_change_3
• energy_storage_change_4
• temp_air_top
• energy_storage_change_5
• temp_trh_bottom
• soil_moisture_5
• surface_soil_heat_flux_5
• surface_soil_heat_flux_3
• surface_soil_heat_flux_4
• Atmospheric pressure(atmos_pressure)
• soil_moisture_1
• soil_moisture_2
• soil_moisture_3
• soil_moisture_4
• temp_trh_top
• rh_bottom_fraction
• home_signal_15
• surface_soil_heat_flux_2
• surface_soil_heat_flux_1
• Sensible heat flux(sensible_heat_flux)

SGP/EBBR/E26 - Invalid data during Preventative Maintenance

During a preventative maintenance visit the +12V DC supply to the wind
direction sensor at E26, Cement, Ok was temporarily disconnected, resulting
in invalid wind direction data for December 28, 1993 from 1645 through 1900
GMT.  The following fields are therefore invalid for that period:

30 minute: wind_d, sigma_wd, res_ws

15 minute: mv_wind_d

5 minute: wind_d, sigma_wd, res_ws.

• Wind direction vector mean(wdir_vec_mean)
• wdir_vec_std
• Wind speed vector mean(wspd_vec_mean)

SGP/EBBR/E26 - Winds, SM2 Invalid data 10/10/93 - 2/2/94

Beginning October 10, 1993 the EBBR system at E26, Cement, OK began to have
problems with outputs from soil moisture sensor number 2 and the wind direction
sensor.  This situation also occured in early 1993 and was eliminated by
replacing the soil moisture sensor (after replacing the wind direction
sensor did not help).  This time, replacing the soil moisture sensor did
not help, but the problem has not re-occured since the wind direction
sensor was replaced on February 2, 1994.  During periods of bad data the
wind direction output is a constant 135 degrees and soil moisture two is
offscale.

Invalid data for a constant wind direction of 135 degrees is:

30 minute: res_ws, wind_d, sigma_wd

15 minute: mv_wind_d

5 minute: res_ws, wind_d, sigma_wd.

Invalid data for soil moisture 2 offscale is:

30 minute: sm2, c_shf2, cs2, ces2, g2, ave_shf, h, e

15 minute: r_sm2

5 minute: no data affected.

    Apparent cause of data loss, if known:   Apparently an electronic
    problem in interfacing an intermittently malfunctioning wind direction
    sensor to the data acquisition system multiplexer, thereby affecting
    the other sensor (soil moisture 2) on that multiplexer pair.

• soil_heat_capacity_2
• Wind direction vector mean(wdir_vec_mean)
• wdir_vec_std
• Average soil heat flow at the surface(surface_soil_heat_flux_avg)
• energy_storage_change_2
• Latent heat flux(latent_heat_flux)
• surface_soil_heat_flux_2
• Wind speed vector mean(wspd_vec_mean)
• corr_soil_heat_flow_2
• soil_moisture_2
• Sensible heat flux(sensible_heat_flux)

SGP/EBBR/E26 - Wind Direction Sensor Malfunction

The wind direction sensor malfunctioned, outputting nearly a 
constant value, invalidating the following data values.

30 minute: wind_d, sigma_wd, res_ws

15 minute: mv_wind_d

5 minute: wind_d, sigma_wd, res_ws

The first good data after the affected period was the 1700 GMT, 30 minute
data on March 16, 1994.

• Wind direction vector mean(wdir_vec_mean)
• wdir_vec_std
• Wind speed vector mean(wspd_vec_mean)

SGP/EBBR/E26 - Wind Speed Malfunction

For an unknown reason, the wind speed sensor at Cement began to record very
low wind speeds on a consistent basis, with most of the speeds recorded
reflecting what appeared to be zero wind speed (calibration offset).  When
the sensor was replaced on 5/25/94, it was damaged, although this damage
apparently did not occur until a thunderstorm around midnight (local time)
May 24.  The wind direction sensor was also damaged by the storm at the
same time.  At any rate, the wind speed data during the period listed 
should be considered questionable.  The wind speed sensor was replaced on
May 25, 1994 at 1639.  Old sensor S/N K1032, New sensor S/N K1035.

• Wind speed, lower, 1-min avg(wspd_arith_mean)
• Wind speed vector mean(wspd_vec_mean)

SGP/EBBR/E26 - Wind Direction Sensor Failure

Apparently, a fairly severe thunderstorm passed over the Cement, OK EBBR
early on May 25, 1994 (around midnight May 24, local time).  The storm
damaged the wind direction sensor and the wind speed sensor.  Wind
Direction and Sigma of Wind Direction data for the period listed 
should be considered incorrect.  The sensors were replaced on May 25, 1994
at 1631.  Old sensor S/N K3038, New sensor S/N K3040.

• Wind direction vector mean(wdir_vec_mean)
• wdir_vec_std
• Wind speed vector mean(wspd_vec_mean)

SGP/EBBR/E26 - Soil Moisture Sensor Malfunction

Soil moisture sensor #1 at Cement, Ok, E26 began a slow drift downwards on
July 31, 1994.  This continued until the sensor was replaced at 1700 GMT on
August 17, 1994.  The downwards drift occured coincident with a constant
decrease in soil moisture at the site.  As a result, the average soil
moisture (for the set of five sensors) was reduced by only about 2% (for a
range of 10 to 22%), and thus had a negligible effect on the calculations
of sensible and latent heat flux.  The sm1 output dropped below zero at
times during August 14-17.

Soil Moisture #1 Data Fields:

15 minute: r_sm1

30 minute:  sm1

• soil_moisture_1

SGP/EBBR/E26 - Net Radiometer Hemisphere Changes

The upper hemisphere of the net radiometer at the site was punctured
allowing water to collect in the lower (and sometimes upper) section of the sensor. The 
punctures are most likely the result of migratory birds (a problem that we have experienced 
almost every year here at ANL also). The punctures (and water in some net radiometers) 
did not result in obvious invalidation of the data.

Whether there is water in the lower hemisphere or not, a small puncture of the upper 
hemisphere would not have a major effect on the net radiation measurement.  Significant 
amounts of water in the lower
hemisphere should have a major effect on nighttime measurements particularly, although 
that effect is hard to detect in the data. 
The date when the puncture occurred is approximate - but is certainly 
no more than two weeks before the hemisphere was replaced.

• Latent heat flux(latent_heat_flux)
• Net radiation(net_radiation)
• Sensible heat flux(sensible_heat_flux)

SGP/EBBR/E26 - Wind Direction Sensor Affect on Soil Moisture 2

I have written a number of previous PIFs and DQRs about this same problem
previously.  This occurred most recently at E9, Ashton, KS in August 1994.
The wind direction sensor is on the same data acquisition system multiplexer
pair as soil moisture sensor 2.  Sometimes a malfunctioning wind direction
sensor (resulting in a constant wind direction of 135 degrees) will cause the
soil moisture 2 measurement to be offscale.  Between 0430 and 0800 GMT the wind
direction sensor did not function properly at E22, Cordell, KS.  As has often
been the case, soil moisture measurements were affected for a shorter time
period, from 0500 through 0730 GMT.  The cause of this problem is unknown and
only occurs on the multiplexer pair to which the wind direction sensor is
connected, not on any other pair to which a soil moisture sensor is attached.
None of the manufacturers of the applicable equipment can explain the
problem.  As done before, I will monitor the data for further occurrences
of this condition; if the frequency of occurrence increases, further action
will be taken.

The following data and times are incorrect:

Winds: 0430-0800 GMT

5 minute:  wind_d, sigma_wd, res_ws
15 minute: mv_wind_d
30 minute: wind_d, sigma_wd, res_ws

Soil Moisture 2: 0500-0730 GMT

15 minute: r_sm2
30 minute: sm2, c_shf2, cs2, ces2, g2, ave_shf, h, e

• soil_heat_capacity_2
• Average soil heat flow at the surface(surface_soil_heat_flux_avg)
• energy_storage_change_2
• Latent heat flux(latent_heat_flux)
• surface_soil_heat_flux_2
• corr_soil_heat_flow_2
• soil_moisture_2

SGP/EBBR/E26 - T/RH Check

During the month of November 1994, site operations personnel conducted
field comparisons of the temperature and relative humidity sensors in the
EBBRs and the HMI31 portable T/RH meter (with the removable probe).  As is
reflected in the home signal output, the automatic exchange mechanism was
disabled in order to conduct the checks.

Measurements were taken every 5 minutes, for a half hour each in the
aspirated radiation shields (the HMI31 was inserted into the EBBR aspirated
radiation shield to provide the same aspiration as the EBBR sensors
received).  Measurements of aspirator flow were also recorded.  This
information was provided to the mentor.  The mentor then compared the field
checks with the data recorded by the EBBRs.

The periods of data and data fields that are incorrect because of the checks
are listed below.  Times are those at which the data are reported.


Data Fields

5 minute:  tair_top, tair_bot, thum_top, thum_bot, hum_top, hum_bot,
           vp_top, vp_bot
15 minute: rr_thum_r, rr_thum_l, mv_hum_r, mv_hum_l, tair_r, tair_l
30 minute: tair_top, tair_bot, thum_top, thum_bot, hum_top, hum_bot,
           vp_top, vp_bot, bowen, e, h

5 minute:  1615, 1620, 1625, 1630, 1635, 1640, 1645, 1650, 1655,
           1700, 1705, 1710, 1715, 1720, 1725, 1730, 1735
15 minute: 1615, 1630, 1645, 1700, 1715, 1730, 1745
30 minute: 1630, 1700, 1730, 1800

(EDITOR'S NOTE:  The following analysis refers to all EBBRs installed in Nov 1994)

Results of the T/RH comparisons:
The combined accuracy of the HMI31 and EBBR temperature sensors
(thermocouples or PRTDs) is +/- 0.4 degrees C.  The combined accuracy of the
HMI31 and EBBR RH sensors is +/- 4% for RH less than 80%, and +/- 6% for RH
greater than 80%.  The combined accuracy for each pair of EBBR sensors of
the same type is essentially the same as the quantities stated above.

All of the pairs of EBBR sensors show differences that fall within the
stated combined accuracies.  Although this sounds wonderful, a few of the
differences are close to the combined accuracy, which, because of the small
differences in temperature being measured (normally smaller than the
magnitude of the combined accuracy) could lead to some incorrect estimation
of sensible and latent heat flux.  However, unless there would be substantial
differences of calibration slope of two sensors in a pair, the switching of
height of the sensors every 15 minutes by the automatic exchange mechanism
will remove the offset between the sensors.

The comparisons between the EBBR sensors and the HMI31 T/RH meter showed
much larger differences.  The range of differences were: -2.4 to 0.0 degrees
for the thermocouples, -2.1 to 0.1 degrees for the RH probe PRTDs, and -6.6 to
6.7 percent for the RH sensors.  Six Thermocouples indicated differences from
the HMI31 greater than the combined accuracy.  Seven PRTDs indicated
differences from the HMI31 greater than the combined accuracy.  Four RH
sensors indicated differences from the HMI31 greater than the combined
accuracy.  The temperature differences (for both thermocouples and PRTDs)
were nearly all of one sign; the HMI31 indicated the greater temperature,
which may suggest a bias in the HMI31 temperature measurement, even though
a dozen differences of +/- 0.2 degrees were measured.  Four differences of
zero and only one positive difference (out of 40) were measured.  Thirteen of
the 20 RH differences were positive (HMI31 indicating the lower
RH), with the differences near the level of the combined accuracies being
approximately 50% positive and 50% negative.  It does not appear that the
HMI31 has a RH bias.

Plots of EBBR sensor/HMI31 differences as a function of time from the
installation of the individual sensors (a range of 10 to 30 months in the
field) shows no obvious pattern of sensor drift with time.  This is encouraging.

• temp_air_bottom
• temp_trh_top
• vapor_pressure_bottom
• bowen_ratio
• rh_top_fraction
• rh_bottom_fraction
• Latent heat flux(latent_heat_flux)
• temp_air_top
• temp_trh_bottom
• vapor_pressure_top
• Sensible heat flux(sensible_heat_flux)

SGP/EBBR/E26 - Frozen Wind Speed Sensor

On February 16, 1994 a frontal system deposited freezing rain in central
Oklahoma that resulted in the EBBR wind speed instrument becoming frozen in
place at Cement (E26) for part of two days.  All 5, 15, and 30 minute data
values indicated below are incorrect for all times within the period
indicated.

5 minute:  wind_s, res_ws
15 minute: wind_s
30 minute: wind_s, res_ws

• Wind speed, lower, 1-min avg(wspd_arith_mean)
• Wind speed vector mean(wspd_vec_mean)

SGP/EBBR/E26 - Stopped Ventilation Fan

On April 11, 1995, a site operator discovered the right aspirator ventilation
fan of the EBBR to be stopped.  Inspection of the data indicates that this
condition occurred during the two periods shown above; the fan apparently
worked briefly inbetween the periods.  Lack of ventilation of
the temperature and relative humidity sensors attached to the AEM results
in incorrect measurements of air temperature and relative humidity by the
right aspirator probes, and therefore all quantities calculated from them,
including sensible and latent heat fluxes, are incorrect as well.
The quantities that are incorrect for the periods indicated are:

5 minute:  tair_top, tair_bot, thum_top, thum_bot, hum_top, hum_bot,
           vp_top, and vp_bot

15 minute: rr_thum_r, mv_hum_r, tair_r

30 minute: tair_top, tair_bot, thum_top, thum_bot, hum_top, hum_bot,
           vp_top, vp_bot, bowen, e, h

• temp_air_bottom
• temp_trh_top
• vapor_pressure_bottom
• bowen_ratio
• rh_top_fraction
• rh_bottom_fraction
• Latent heat flux(latent_heat_flux)
• temp_air_top
• temp_trh_bottom
• vapor_pressure_top
• Sensible heat flux(sensible_heat_flux)

SGP/EBBR/E26 - Reprocess: Soil Heat Flow Sensor 1 Replacement

During preventative maintenance, site operations personnel observed that
soil heat flow sensor #1 at Cement, OK (E26) was outputting larger values
than the other four sensors.  Therefore, they replaced sensor #1.  A review
of the data indicates that the sensor was not malfunctioning, but that its
calibration was just too large.  The longer the sensors are in the ground,
the greater the likelihood that they will drift from their original
calibration.  The difference in the average soil heat flux caused by the #1
sensor data values being included in the average will have less than a 5%
affect on the calculated latent and sensible heat fluxes.  The data should
therefore not be labelled as incorrect.

However, during the replacement of sensor #1, the #1 data was spiked,
causing the following data values to be incorrect for the period listed:

15 minute: mv_hft1 at 1945 GMT.
30 minute: shf5, c_shf5, g5, ave_shf, e, h, bowen at 2000 GMT.

The latent and sensible heat fluxes can be recalculated by using only soil
heat flows 2 through 5 to calculate the average soil heat flow,

ave_shf = (g2 + g3 + g4 + g5)/4

e = -(q + ave_shf)/(1 + bowen)

h = -(e + ave_shf + q).

• bowen_ratio
• Average soil heat flow at the surface(surface_soil_heat_flux_avg)
• Latent heat flux(latent_heat_flux)
• surface_soil_heat_flux_5
• soil_heat_flow_5
• corr_soil_heat_flow_5
• Sensible heat flux(sensible_heat_flux)

SGP/EBBR/E26 - Right Air Temperature Malfunction

The right air temperature probe malfunctioned continuously during the
periods of time indicated above as continuous.  On May 16, 1995, by 1900 GMT,
the probe was replaced (old S/N 92007, new S/N 92013).  There was a complete
loss of data between 1200 and 1900 GMT as Site Operations repaired a corroded
battery terminal.  For several days the right air temperature probe worked
well.  However, between May 24 and 28, the right air temperature probe
malfunctioned continuously again.  The right air temperature probe
malfunctioned intermittently between May 28 and June 1, as well as
during short periods on June 5 and 6.  The cause of these latter periods is
unknown; the time periods do not correspond with any Site Operations
activities.  During the intermittent periods the data that is not offscale
should be viewed as questionable, as it is not always easy to detect what
effect the malfunction might have had on that data.

The malfunction of the right air temperature probe results in incorrect Bowen
ratio, sensible heat flux, and latent heat flux during the periods indicated.

The data values that are affected are:

5 minute:  tair_top, tair_bot

15 minute: tair_r

30 minute: tair_top, tair_bot, bowen, e, h.

• temp_air_bottom
• bowen_ratio
• Latent heat flux(latent_heat_flux)
• temp_air_top
• Sensible heat flux(sensible_heat_flux)

SGP/EBBR/E26 - Frozen Wind Speed Sensor

On March 6, 1995 freezing rain stopped the cups of the EBBR wind
speed instrument at Cement, OK (E26).  All 5, 15, and 30
minute data values indicated below are incorrect for the period listed.

5 minute:  wind_s, res_ws
15 minute: wind_s
30 minute: wind_s, res_ws

• Wind speed, lower, 1-min avg(wspd_arith_mean)
• Wind speed vector mean(wspd_vec_mean)

SGP/EBBR/E26 - Frozen Wind Speed Sensor

A broken lead on the EBBR wind speed instrument cable at Cement, OK (E26)
resulted in the loss of wind speed data.  It was nearly a month before the
cable could be repaired and reinstalled.  All 5, 15, and 30
minute data values indicated below are incorrect for the periods listed above.

5 minute:  wind_s, res_ws
15 minute: wind_s
30 minute: wind_s, res_ws

• Wind speed, lower, 1-min avg(wspd_arith_mean)
• Wind speed vector mean(wspd_vec_mean)

SGP/EBBR/E26 - AEM not exchanging

On August 26, 1995 at approximately 0345 GMT the gears on the lower sprocket
shaft of the AEM appear to have been damaged, causing the AEM to stop
exchanging.  The home signal values then remained at around -0.5 for both
home_15 and Home_30.  On August 29 site operations personnel removed the fuse
(to prevent exchange) with the left aspirator in the down position.  The AEM
will remain in this condition until a replacement is available.

Therefore, the calculations of Bowen ratio, latent heat flux, and sensible heat
flux are incorrect for all times after August 26, 1995 at 0345 GMT.  The data
fields listed below are incorrect after this time:

5 minute:  tair_top, tair_bot, thum_top, thum_bot, hum_top, hum_bot,
           vp_top, vp_bot

30 minute: tair_top, tair_bot, thum_top, thum_bot, hum_top,
           hum_bot, vp_top, vp_bot, Bowen, e, h.

It is not possible to reliably calculate the Bowen ratio, e, and h using the
15 minute data.

• temp_air_bottom
• temp_trh_top
• vapor_pressure_bottom
• bowen_ratio
• rh_top_fraction
• rh_bottom_fraction
• Latent heat flux(latent_heat_flux)
• temp_air_top
• temp_trh_bottom
• vapor_pressure_top
• Sensible heat flux(sensible_heat_flux)

SGP/EBBR/E26 - AEM replacement

Please see DQR P950908.2, where this problem was first documented.

On August 26, 1995 at approximately 0345 GMT the gears on the lower sprocket
shaft of the AEM appear to have been damaged, causing the AEM to stop
exchanging.  The home signal values then remained at around -0.5 for both
home_15 and Home_30.  On August 29 site operations personnel removed the fuse
(to prevent exchange) with the left aspirator in the down position.

On 12 September 1995 the AEM was replaced at 1959 GMT (old S/N 92004,
new S/N 92008) and is functioning properly.

Calculations of Bowen ratio, latent heat flux, and sensible heat
flux are incorrect for all times during the period above.  The data
fields listed below are incorrect during the period:

5 minute:  tair_top, tair_bot, thum_top, thum_bot, hum_top, hum_bot,
           vp_top, vp_bot

30 minute: tair_top, tair_bot, thum_top, thum_bot, hum_top,
           hum_bot, vp_top, vp_bot, Bowen, e, h.

It is not possible to reliably calculate the Bowen ratio, e, and h using the
15 minute data.

• temp_air_bottom
• temp_trh_top
• vapor_pressure_bottom
• bowen_ratio
• rh_top_fraction
• rh_bottom_fraction
• Latent heat flux(latent_heat_flux)
• temp_air_top
• temp_trh_bottom
• vapor_pressure_top
• Sensible heat flux(sensible_heat_flux)

SGP/EBBR/E26 - Battery Voltage Drop

Shortly after the PM visit on September 26, 1995 the EBBR battery voltage at
E26, Cement, OK declined to lower than acceptable levels.  During the October
13, 1995 PM visit the battery was replaced.  I do not know the specifics of why
the battery voltage declined so suddenly, but failure of one or more of the
battery cells is a possibility.  I have not received the site operations log of
the PM visit yet.  The voltage dropped to 10 volts at night.  At various times,
soil temperature, soil heat flux plate output, and atmospheric pressure (at
least) were not reported correctly by the CR10 datalogger.

Amazingly, the AEM continued to work and reported millivolt outputs that
did not fall below the acceptable ranges.

All data between 2100 GMT on September 26, 1995 and 1230 GMT on October 13,
1995 should be considered suspect, particularly when the battery voltage
fell below 11 volts (every nighttime).  This general caution is issued
because incorrect reporting of data also took place during times when the
battery voltage was reported as 12 Volts, a normally acceptable level;
the reason for this behavior is unknown.

• Soil temperature mean 5(soil_temp_5)
• Soil temperature mean 4(soil_temp_4)
• soil_heat_flow_3
• Soil temperature mean 3(soil_temp_3)
• soil_heat_flow_2
• Soil temperature mean 2(soil_temp_2)
• soil_heat_flow_1
• Soil temperature mean 1(soil_temp_1)
• soil_heat_flow_5
• soil_heat_flow_4
• vapor_pressure_top
• vapor_pressure_bottom
• corr_soil_heat_flow_4
• corr_soil_heat_flow_3
• corr_soil_heat_flow_2
• corr_soil_heat_flow_1
• Atmospheric pressure(atmos_pressure)
• corr_soil_heat_flow_5

SGP/EBBR/E26 - Net Radiometer Dome Punctured

The upper dome of the net radiometer was punctured sometime between the PM
visits of September 12 and 26, 1995.  After the puncture, water collected
in the top hemisphere.  The water was removed on September 26, but a
replacement dome was not available.  The dome was replaced during the PM
visit on October 13, 1995.  The puncture and water did not result in
obviously incorrect data.  I cannot tell when the puncture occurred from
the data.  The data, particularly during the two weeks between September 12
and 26, 1995, should be considered suspect.

Suspect net radiation data results in the latent heat flux and sensible
heat flux also being suspect.  Suspect data then includes:

5 minute:  q

15 minute: mv_q

30 minute: q, e, h.

• Latent heat flux(latent_heat_flux)
• Net radiation(net_radiation)
• Sensible heat flux(sensible_heat_flux)

SGP/EBBR/E26 - Right Tair Offscale

On 1 November 1995 at E26, Cement, OK EBBR the right thermocouple output
went offscale for a few hours.  The cause for this is unknown and the
sensor recovered fully.  Incorrect data for the period above includes:

5 minute:   tair_top, tair_bot

15 minute:  tair_r, tair_l

30 minute:  tair_top, tair_bot, bowen, h, e

• temp_air_bottom
• bowen_ratio
• Latent heat flux(latent_heat_flux)
• temp_air_top
• Sensible heat flux(sensible_heat_flux)

SGP/EBBR/E26 - Wind Speed Cups Frozen

Freezing rain, snow, and below freezing conditions during the night of 10-11
November 1995 resulted in the wind speed sensor cups becoming frozen in a
stopped state at E26, Cement, OK on early 11 November 1995.  When temperatures
rose to almost freezing under cloudless skies later in the day, the ice thawed
and the cups were free to turn again.

Measurements affected by the stalled wind speed sensor include:

5 minute:  wind_s, res_ws

15 minute: wind_s

30 minute: wind_s, res_ws

• Wind speed, lower, 1-min avg(wspd_arith_mean)
• Wind speed vector mean(wspd_vec_mean)

SGP/EBBR/E26 - Wind Speed Cups Frozen

Freezing rain, snow, and below freezing conditions during 18-19 January
1995 caused the wind speed sensor cups to freeze in a stopped state at E26,
Cement, OK on 18 January 1995.  When temperatures rose to above freezing on
19 January, the ice thawed and the cups turned freely again.

Measurements affected by the stalled wind speed sensor include:

5 minute:  wind_s, res_ws

15 minute: wind_s

30 minute: wind_s, res_ws

• Wind speed, lower, 1-min avg(wspd_arith_mean)
• Wind speed vector mean(wspd_vec_mean)

SGP/EBBR/E26 - Right Tair Offscale

On 26 and 31 December 1995 at E26, Cement, OK EBBR the right thermocouple
output went offscale.  The cause for this is unknown and the sensor recovered
fully.  Five minute data would need to be inspected during the periods
above for incorrect five minute values.  Site Operations has been asked to
check the sensor connections.  Incorrect data for the period indicated includes:

5 minute:   tair_top, tair_bot

15 minute:  tair_r

30 minute:  tair_top, tair_bot, bowen, h, e

• temp_air_bottom
• bowen_ratio
• Latent heat flux(latent_heat_flux)
• temp_air_top
• Sensible heat flux(sensible_heat_flux)

SGP/EBBR/E26 - Right tair Offscale

On five days in January 1996 at E26, Cement, OK EBBR the right thermocouple
output went offscale.  The cause for this is unknown, although poor probe
connections are common.  Site Operation personnel tightened the probe
connections in mid January.

Five minute data would need to be inspected during the periods
indicated for incorrect five minute values.  Incorrect data for the period
indicated includes:

5 minute:   tair_top, tair_bot

15 minute:  tair_r

30 minute:  tair_top, tair_bot, bowen, h, e

The data are not recoverable from other measurements.

• temp_air_bottom
• bowen_ratio
• Latent heat flux(latent_heat_flux)
• temp_air_top
• Sensible heat flux(sensible_heat_flux)

SGP/EBBR/E26 - Right Air Temperature Malfunction

The right air temperature probe malfunctioned and produced incorrect data 
during the period of time indicated above.  The cause of the problem is 
unknown.  The right air temperature probe appears to be working well presently.

The malfunction of the right air temperature probe results in incorrect Bowen 
ratio, sensible heat flux, and latent heat flux during the period above. 

The data values that are affected are:

5 minute:  tair_top, tair_bot

15 minute: tair_r (1715-1830 GMT values)

30 minute: tair_top, tair_bot, bowen, e, and h (1730-1830 GMT values)

• temp_air_bottom
• bowen_ratio
• Latent heat flux(latent_heat_flux)
• temp_air_top
• Sensible heat flux(sensible_heat_flux)

SGP/EBBR/E26 - Right Air Temp Malfunction

The right air temperature probe malfunctioned and produced incorrect data 
during the period of time indicated above.  The probe (S/N 92013) was 
replaced by Site Operations on 23 April 1996 at 2115 GMT with S/N 92002.  

The malfunction of the right air temperature probe results in incorrect Bowen 
ratio, sensible heat flux, and latent heat flux during the period indicated. 

The data values that are affected are:

5 minute:  tair_top, tair_bot

15 minute: tair_r (1515-2115 GMT values)

30 minute: tair_top, tair_bot, bowen, e, and h (1530-2130 GMT values)

• temp_air_bottom
• bowen_ratio
• Latent heat flux(latent_heat_flux)
• temp_air_top
• Sensible heat flux(sensible_heat_flux)