SGP/EBBR/E13  - Water in Net Radiometer, Surface Fluxes Incorrect

The net radiometer top dome was punctured by migrating birds.  This alone does not cause 
incorrect net radiation measurements.  However, when it subsequently rains, water collects 
in the bottom dome, causing the net radiation measurements to be too large during the 
day and too small at night.

• net_radiation_mv

• Radiation, net(net_radiation)

• Heat flux, sensible, at 1.5-m height, 30-min intervals(sensible_heat_flux)
• Radiation, net(net_radiation)
• Heat flux, latent, at 1.5-m height, 30-min intervals(latent_heat_flux)

SGP/EBBR/E13 - 6 Month Checks

Many measurements were incorrect while the AEM was positioned with both aspirators at the 
same height for comparison checks.

• rh_left_mv
• temp_trh_left_rr
• temp_air_left
• temp_air_right
• temp_trh_right_rr
• rh_right_mv

• temp_air_top
• rh_top_fraction
• vapor_pressure_top
• temp_trh_top
• vapor_pressure_bottom
• rh_bottom_fraction
• temp_air_bottom
• temp_trh_bottom

• Heat flux, sensible, at 1.5-m height, 30-min intervals(sensible_heat_flux)
• vapor_pressure_top
• Heat flux, latent, at 1.5-m height, 30-min intervals(latent_heat_flux)
• temp_air_bottom
• temp_air_top
• bowen_ratio
• temp_trh_top
• rh_bottom_fraction
• vapor_pressure_bottom
• temp_trh_bottom
• rh_top_fraction

SGP/EBBR/E13  - Wind Speed Sensor Frozen By Ice Storm

The wind speed sensor was frozen stopped by ice from a storm.  The wind speed 
and residual wind speed measurements are incorrect.

• Wind speed, lower, 1-min avg(wspd_arith_mean)

• Wind speed vector mean(wspd_vec_mean)
• Wind speed, lower, 1-min avg(wspd_arith_mean)

• Wind speed vector mean(wspd_vec_mean)
• Wind speed, lower, 1-min avg(wspd_arith_mean)

SGP/EBBR/E13  - Net Radiometer Iced Over During Storm

The net radiometer was covered with ice from a storm.  Net radiation values are incorrect, 
and are sometimes even negative during the daytime.  Sensible and latent heat fluxes are 
therefore incorrect.

• net_radiation_mv

• Radiation, net(net_radiation)

• Heat flux, sensible, at 1.5-m height, 30-min intervals(sensible_heat_flux)
• Radiation, net(net_radiation)
• Heat flux, latent, at 1.5-m height, 30-min intervals(latent_heat_flux)

SGP/EBBR/E13  - Wind Speed Frozen Stopped By Ice

An ice storm froze the wind speed sensor to a stopped condition.

The wind speed and residual wind speed measurements are incorrect.

This sensor failure does not affect the sensible and latent heat fluxes.

• Wind speed, lower, 1-min avg(wspd_arith_mean)

• Wind speed vector mean(wspd_vec_mean)
• Wind speed, lower, 1-min avg(wspd_arith_mean)

• Wind speed vector mean(wspd_vec_mean)
• Wind speed, lower, 1-min avg(wspd_arith_mean)

SGP/EBBR/E13  - Wind Direction Frozen Stopped By Ice

The wind direction sensor was frozen stopped by ice from a storm.  
The wind direction, sigma_wd, and residual wind speed measurements 
are incorrect.

• Wind direction, vector, lower, 1-min avg(wdir_vec_mean)
• wdir_vec_std
• Wind speed vector mean(wspd_vec_mean)

• Wind speed vector mean(wspd_vec_mean)
• wdir_vec_std
• Wind direction, vector, lower, 1-min avg(wdir_vec_mean)

SGP/EBBR/E13 - Automatic Exchange Mechanism Failure

The AEM was stuck in the home_15 position or reported near zero
home signals during much of the indicated period.

The Bowen ratio and latent and sensible heat fluxes were incorrect 
when the AEM was not operating properly; the periods of incorrect
data can be determined from the home signal values.

On 7/14/04 the AEM was replaced.

• temp_air_right
• temp_air_left

• temp_air_top
• rh_bottom_fraction
• temp_air_bottom
• temp_trh_bottom
• rh_top_fraction
• vapor_pressure_top
• temp_trh_top
• vapor_pressure_bottom

• Heat flux, sensible, at 1.5-m height, 30-min intervals(sensible_heat_flux)
• bowen_ratio
• temp_trh_top
• rh_bottom_fraction
• vapor_pressure_top
• Heat flux, latent, at 1.5-m height, 30-min intervals(latent_heat_flux)
• vapor_pressure_bottom
• temp_air_bottom
• temp_trh_bottom
• rh_top_fraction
• temp_air_top

SGP/EBBR/E13 - Net Radiation Incorrect, Fluxes Incorrect

Rain entered the net radiometer through a crack in the upper dome and
settled in the bottom dome.  This caused too large net radiation measurements
during the following daylight hours, until the domes were replaced and dried out the same 
day.

• net_radiation_mv

• Radiation, net(net_radiation)

• Heat flux, sensible, at 1.5-m height, 30-min intervals(sensible_heat_flux)
• Radiation, net(net_radiation)
• Heat flux, latent, at 1.5-m height, 30-min intervals(latent_heat_flux)

SGP/EBBR/E13 - AEM Failure, Fluxes Incorrect

The AEM failed.  Sensible and latent heat fluxes were incorrect, as well as gradient 
measurements.

• temp_air_right
• temp_air_left

• temp_air_top
• rh_bottom_fraction
• temp_air_bottom
• temp_trh_bottom
• rh_top_fraction
• vapor_pressure_top
• temp_trh_top
• vapor_pressure_bottom

• Heat flux, sensible, at 1.5-m height, 30-min intervals(sensible_heat_flux)
• bowen_ratio
• temp_trh_top
• rh_bottom_fraction
• vapor_pressure_top
• Heat flux, latent, at 1.5-m height, 30-min intervals(latent_heat_flux)
• vapor_pressure_bottom
• temp_air_bottom
• temp_trh_bottom
• rh_top_fraction
• temp_air_top

SGP/EBBR/E13 - 6 Month Checks

Many measurements were incorrect while the AEM was positioned with both aspirators at the 
same height for comparison checks.

• rh_left_mv
• temp_trh_left_rr
• temp_air_left
• temp_air_right
• temp_trh_right_rr
• rh_right_mv

• temp_air_top
• rh_top_fraction
• vapor_pressure_top
• temp_trh_top
• vapor_pressure_bottom
• rh_bottom_fraction
• temp_air_bottom
• temp_trh_bottom

• Heat flux, sensible, at 1.5-m height, 30-min intervals(sensible_heat_flux)
• vapor_pressure_top
• Heat flux, latent, at 1.5-m height, 30-min intervals(latent_heat_flux)
• temp_air_bottom
• temp_air_top
• bowen_ratio
• temp_trh_top
• rh_bottom_fraction
• vapor_pressure_bottom
• temp_trh_bottom
• rh_top_fraction

SGP/EBBR/E13  - Wind Speed Frozen Stopped By Ice Storm

An ice storm froze the wind speed sensor to a stopped condition.

The wind speed and residual wind speed measurements are incorrect.

This sensor failure does not affect the sensible and latent heat fluxes.

• Wind speed, lower, 1-min avg(wspd_arith_mean)

• Wind speed vector mean(wspd_vec_mean)
• Wind speed, lower, 1-min avg(wspd_arith_mean)

• Wind speed vector mean(wspd_vec_mean)
• Wind speed, lower, 1-min avg(wspd_arith_mean)

SGP/EBBR/E13  - Wind Direction Frozen Stopped By Ice Storm

The wind direction sensor was frozen stopped by ice from a storm.  
The wind direction, sigma_wd, and residual wind speed measurements 
are incorrect.

• wdir_vec_mean_mv

• Wind direction, vector, lower, 1-min avg(wdir_vec_mean)
• wdir_vec_std
• Wind speed vector mean(wspd_vec_mean)

• Wind speed vector mean(wspd_vec_mean)
• wdir_vec_std
• Wind direction, vector, lower, 1-min avg(wdir_vec_mean)

SGP/EBBR/E13 - Net Radiometer Tilted Half Degree West

The net radiation daily peak on sunny days occured 1/2 hour after the net radiation peak 
at E2, E9, and the SIRS because the sensor was tipped to the west about 1/2 degree.

• net_radiation_mv

• Radiation, net(net_radiation)

• Heat flux, sensible, at 1.5-m height, 30-min intervals(sensible_heat_flux)
• Radiation, net(net_radiation)
• Heat flux, latent, at 1.5-m height, 30-min intervals(latent_heat_flux)

SGP/EBBR/E13 - Sensible and Latent Heat Fluxes Incorrect (AEM failure)

The AEM was stuck in the home 30 position most of this period.

Therefore, the sensible and latent heat fluxes are incorrect during most of this period.

• temp_air_right
• temp_air_left

• temp_air_top
• temp_air_bottom
• temp_trh_bottom
• vapor_pressure_top
• temp_trh_top
• vapor_pressure_bottom

• Heat flux, sensible, at 1.5-m height, 30-min intervals(sensible_heat_flux)
• bowen_ratio
• temp_trh_top
• rh_bottom_fraction
• vapor_pressure_top
• Heat flux, latent, at 1.5-m height, 30-min intervals(latent_heat_flux)
• vapor_pressure_bottom
• temp_air_bottom
• temp_trh_bottom
• rh_top_fraction
• temp_air_top

SGP/EBBR/E13 - Improved EBBR CR10 Program

Effective 20050331.2100, the EBBR.E13 CR10 program was revised to improve the quality of 
the primary measurements as follows:

1) An RMS procedure is used to determine max and min limits of acceptable soil heat flow.  
This is applied to the individual soil sets.  Measurements outside the limits are 
rejected and the measurements within the limits are used to calculate the average soil heat flow.

2) Max and min limits are used to determine incorrect values of net radiation, sensible 
heat flux (h), latent heat flux (e), and automatic exchange mechanism (AEM) signal.  If AEM 
signal is outside the limits, h and e are set to 999s.  If net radiation is outside the 
limits, h and e are set to 999s. If h or e are outside the limits, h and e are set to 999s.

Virtually no incorrect soil measurement will affect the primary measurements of h and e.

By setting h and e to 999s, it can be easily seen that the primary variables are 
incorrect; no other interpretation is possible.

Prior to 20050331, the improved CR10 program was NOT in effect.  DQRs have been submitted 
for known instances of incorrect soil measurements which affected the quality of the 
primary measurements of h and e.

Note: the DQR begin date is the begin date of the sgp30ebbrE13.b1 data stream.  The 
earlier version of the CR10 program was also used on previous EBBR datastream names (e.g. 
sgp30ebbrE13.a1).

• Heat flux, sensible, at 1.5-m height, 30-min intervals(sensible_heat_flux)
• Average soil heat flow at the surface(surface_soil_heat_flux_avg)
• Heat flux, latent, at 1.5-m height, 30-min intervals(latent_heat_flux)

SGP/ECOR/E14 - CO2/H2O Incorrect

The LI-7500 CO2/H2O sensor stopped working after a rainstorm.  CO2 and H2O data are 
incorrect during the stated period.

• n_bad_irga
• skew_q
• covariance tq(cvar_tq)
• rotated covariance wc(cvar_rot_wc)
• rotated covariance vq(cvar_rot_vq)
• covariance vq(cvar_vq)
• n_spk_c
• temp_irga
• Latent heat flux(lv_e)
• kurt_c
• covariance uc(cvar_uc)
• Mean CO2 density(mean_c)
• variance of variable q(var_q)
• covariance wc(cvar_wc)
• rotated covariance vc(cvar_rot_vc)
• rotated covariance wq(cvar_rot_wq)
• n_good_q
• real_lv
• Mean H2O density(mean_q)
• kurt_q
• covariance uq(cvar_uq)
• mean_spk_c
• variance of variable c(var_c)
• covaraince wq(cvar_wq)
• n_good_c
• rotated covariance uq(cvar_rot_uq)
• n_bad_c
• CO2 flux(fc)
• n_bad_irga_light
• covariance tc(cvar_tc)
• covaraince vc(cvar_vc)
• covariance qc(cvar_qc)
• skew_c
• rotated covariance uc(cvar_rot_uc)
• n_bad_q
• n_spk_q
• mean_spk_q

SGP/EBBR/E13 - Fluxes Incorrect

The AEM has not been reaching the home_30 position fully a few times a day on most days, 
resulting in zero home_30 measurements.

The sensible and latent heat fluxes are incorrect when the home_30 measurement is near 
zero.

• temp_air_right
• temp_trh_right_rr
• temp_trh_left_rr
• temp_air_left

• temp_air_top
• rh_bottom_fraction
• temp_air_bottom
• temp_trh_bottom
• rh_top_fraction
• vapor_pressure_top
• temp_trh_top
• vapor_pressure_bottom

• Heat flux, sensible, at 1.5-m height, 30-min intervals(sensible_heat_flux)
• bowen_ratio
• temp_trh_top
• rh_bottom_fraction
• vapor_pressure_top
• Heat flux, latent, at 1.5-m height, 30-min intervals(latent_heat_flux)
• vapor_pressure_bottom
• temp_air_bottom
• temp_trh_bottom
• rh_top_fraction
• temp_air_top

SGP/EBBR/E13 - Loose connections

The tair_bot spiked around midday, as if it is temperature related, and may have indicated 
a loose connection.

The sensible and latyent heat fluxes and Bowen ratio were incorrect when this condition 
occurred.

• temp_air_right
• temp_air_left

• temp_air_bottom

• Heat flux, sensible, at 1.5-m height, 30-min intervals(sensible_heat_flux)
• temp_air_bottom
• bowen_ratio
• Heat flux, latent, at 1.5-m height, 30-min intervals(latent_heat_flux)

SGP/EBBR/E13 - Average Soil Heat Flux Incorrect

A typo in the version 9 EBBR program caused average soil heat flow to be zero, resulting 
in both sensible and latent heat fluxes being approximately 20 watts per meter squared too 
large during the middle of the day.

• Heat flux, sensible, at 1.5-m height, 30-min intervals(sensible_heat_flux)
• Average soil heat flow at the surface(surface_soil_heat_flux_avg)
• Heat flux, latent, at 1.5-m height, 30-min intervals(latent_heat_flux)

SGP/EBBR/E13 - metadata corrections

On 20050723, a series of metadata corrections and additions were completed.  These 
metadata changes apply to all EBBR.E13 data collected by ARM back to the installation of the 
instrument in September 1992.  Please see the current metadata for correct information.  
These changes do not affect data values or quality.

The changes are summarized below:
1) Update of "sensor location" information
2) Addition of installation dates for systems
3) Correction of soil type
4) Correction of soil moisture units (from "by volume" to "gravimetric")

• base_time

• base_time

• base_time

SGP/ECOR/E14 - Flux Measurements Incorrect

The ECOR datastream was corrupted; this happens when the ECOR program produces a 
datastream of the wrong length (i.e., leaves one or more measurements out).

Fluxes and some other measurements are incorrect.

Reprocessing will not correct this problem; the raw data are corrupted.

• Mean H2O density(mean_q)
• Corrected sensible heat flux(h)
• atm_pres
• Mean CO2 density(mean_c)
• temp_irga
• CO2 flux(fc)
• Latent heat flux(lv_e)

SGP/EBBR/E13 - Wind Speed Sensor Frozen

The wind speed sensor was frozen to a stopped posiiton; wind speed data is incorrect.

• Wind speed, lower, 1-min avg(wspd_arith_mean)

• Wind speed vector mean(wspd_vec_mean)
• Wind speed, lower, 1-min avg(wspd_arith_mean)

• Wind speed vector mean(wspd_vec_mean)
• Wind speed, lower, 1-min avg(wspd_arith_mean)

SGP/EBBR/E13 - Missing Data

The Data was missing during these three periods for various reasons.

• home_signal
• alt
• soil_temp_4_rr
• temp_air_right
• soil_heat_flow_1_mv
• soil_temp_1_rr
• soil_heat_flow_4_mv
• lon
• atmos_pressure_mv
• temp_reference_rr
• soil_moisture_1_rr
• wdir_vec_mean_mv
• rh_left_mv
• soil_temp_5_rr
• soil_moisture_4_rr
• temp_air_left
• base_time
• Wind speed, lower, 1-min avg(wspd_arith_mean)
• soil_moisture_3_rr
• net_radiation_mv
• lat
• soil_heat_flow_2_mv
• temp_trh_left_rr
• soil_moisture_5_rr
• soil_heat_flow_3_mv
• soil_temp_3_rr
• time_offset
• soil_temp_2_rr
• soil_moisture_2_rr
• temp_trh_right_rr
• soil_heat_flow_5_mv
• rh_right_mv
• battery_voltage

• temp_air_top
• rh_bottom_fraction
• vapor_pressure_top
• wdir_vec_std
• Barometric Pressure(atmos_pressure)
• Wind direction, vector, lower, 1-min avg(wdir_vec_mean)
• time_offset
• temp_trh_bottom
• temp_reference
• lon
• base_time
• temp_trh_top
• Wind speed vector mean(wspd_vec_mean)
• lat
• alt
• Radiation, net(net_radiation)
• rh_top_fraction
• time
• vapor_pressure_bottom
• home_signal
• temp_air_bottom
• Wind speed, lower, 1-min avg(wspd_arith_mean)

• Wind speed vector mean(wspd_vec_mean)
• Heat flux, sensible, at 1.5-m height, 30-min intervals(sensible_heat_flux)
• corr_soil_heat_flow_4
• corr_soil_heat_flow_3
• energy_storage_change_4
• energy_storage_change_5
• corr_soil_heat_flow_5
• corr_soil_heat_flow_2
• corr_soil_heat_flow_1
• Heat flux, latent, at 1.5-m height, 30-min intervals(latent_heat_flux)
• Wind direction, vector, lower, 1-min avg(wdir_vec_mean)
• soil_heat_flow_1
• soil_moisture_1
• soil_heat_flow_3
• soil_moisture_2
• soil_heat_flow_2
• soil_heat_flow_5
• soil_heat_flow_4
• energy_storage_change_1
• soil_moisture_5
• energy_storage_change_3
• soil_moisture_3
• energy_storage_change_2
• soil_moisture_4
• vapor_pressure_top
• home_signal_15
• Wind speed, lower, 1-min avg(wspd_arith_mean)
• alt
• Radiation, net(net_radiation)
• temp_trh_bottom
• home_signal_30
• temp_air_bottom
• surface_soil_heat_flux_5
• Average soil heat flow at the surface(surface_soil_heat_flux_avg)
• temp_air_top
• lon
• temp_trh_top
• base_time
• time_offset
• Barometric Pressure(atmos_pressure)
• temp_reference
• soil_heat_capacity_1
• soil_heat_capacity_5
• soil_temp_2
• soil_temp_1
• soil_heat_capacity_4
• soil_heat_capacity_3
• soil_heat_capacity_2
• soil_temp_5
• soil_temp_4
• soil_temp_3
• wdir_vec_std
• bowen_ratio
• surface_soil_heat_flux_3
• surface_soil_heat_flux_4
• surface_soil_heat_flux_1
• surface_soil_heat_flux_2
• rh_bottom_fraction
• lat
• vapor_pressure_bottom
• rh_top_fraction

SGP/EBBR/E13 - Flux and Gradient Measurements Incorrect

The AEM hung in one position; flux and gradient measurements were therefore incorrect.

• rh_left_mv
• temp_trh_left_rr
• temp_air_left
• temp_air_right
• temp_trh_right_rr
• rh_right_mv

• temp_air_top
• rh_top_fraction
• vapor_pressure_top
• temp_trh_top
• vapor_pressure_bottom
• rh_bottom_fraction
• temp_air_bottom
• temp_trh_bottom

• Heat flux, sensible, at 1.5-m height, 30-min intervals(sensible_heat_flux)
• vapor_pressure_top
• Heat flux, latent, at 1.5-m height, 30-min intervals(latent_heat_flux)
• temp_air_bottom
• temp_air_top
• bowen_ratio
• temp_trh_top
• rh_bottom_fraction
• vapor_pressure_bottom
• temp_trh_bottom
• rh_top_fraction

SGP/EBBR/E13 - Net Radiation and Fluxes Suspect

The net radiometer had water in it, making the net radiation and flux measurements 
suspect; the latter do not appear to be incorrect, but should be considered as suspect anyway.

• net_radiation_mv

• Radiation, net(net_radiation)

• Heat flux, sensible, at 1.5-m height, 30-min intervals(sensible_heat_flux)
• Radiation, net(net_radiation)
• Heat flux, latent, at 1.5-m height, 30-min intervals(latent_heat_flux)

SGP/EBBR/E13 - Left Air Temperature Incorrect - Fluxes Affected

The left air temperature was incorrect, thus the Bowen ratio and sensible and latent heat 
fluxes were incorrect also.

• temp_air_left

• temp_air_top
• temp_air_bottom

• Heat flux, sensible, at 1.5-m height, 30-min intervals(sensible_heat_flux)
• temp_air_bottom
• bowen_ratio
• temp_air_top
• Heat flux, latent, at 1.5-m height, 30-min intervals(latent_heat_flux)

SGP/EBBR/E13 - Fluxes Incorrect, AEM Problems

The AEM did not function properly, thus sensible and latent heat fluxes were incorrect.

• temp_air_right
• temp_air_left

• temp_air_top
• rh_bottom_fraction
• temp_air_bottom
• temp_trh_bottom
• rh_top_fraction
• vapor_pressure_top
• temp_trh_top
• vapor_pressure_bottom

• Heat flux, sensible, at 1.5-m height, 30-min intervals(sensible_heat_flux)
• bowen_ratio
• temp_trh_top
• rh_bottom_fraction
• vapor_pressure_top
• Heat flux, latent, at 1.5-m height, 30-min intervals(latent_heat_flux)
• vapor_pressure_bottom
• temp_air_bottom
• temp_trh_bottom
• rh_top_fraction
• temp_air_top

SGP/EBBR/E13 - Sensible and Latent Heat Fluxes Incorrect When Pressure Offscale

There were several half hours during this period when the pressure went offscale or at 
least to a high value, causing the sensible and latent heat fluxes to be incorrect.

• atmos_pressure_mv

• Barometric Pressure(atmos_pressure)

• Heat flux, sensible, at 1.5-m height, 30-min intervals(sensible_heat_flux)
• Barometric Pressure(atmos_pressure)
• Heat flux, latent, at 1.5-m height, 30-min intervals(latent_heat_flux)

SGP/IRT/C1 - UPS failing

The IRT data were intermittently bad during this period due to a failing UPS. The problem 
was corrected by replacing the UPS.

• internal_voltage
• Surface Infra-Red Temperature Maxima(sfc_ir_temp_max)
• sfc_ir_temp_std
• Surface Infra-Red Temperature Minima(sfc_ir_temp_min)
• Effective Surface (Skin) Temperature(sfc_ir_temp)

SGP/EBBR/E13 - Soil Heat Flow #3 Large Negative

During this period Soil Heat Flow #3 was sometimes incorrect (large negative); during 
those times, sensible and latent heat fluxes and average soil heat flux were sometimes (but 
not always incorrect).

• soil_heat_flow_3_mv

• soil_heat_flow_3
• Heat flux, sensible, at 1.5-m height, 30-min intervals(sensible_heat_flux)
• surface_soil_heat_flux_3
• corr_soil_heat_flow_3
• Average soil heat flow at the surface(surface_soil_heat_flux_avg)
• Heat flux, latent, at 1.5-m height, 30-min intervals(latent_heat_flux)

SGP/EBBR/E13 - Pressure and Sensible and Latent Heat Fluxes Incorrect

During spikes in pressure upwards or downwards the sensible and latent heat fluxes were 
incorrect.

• atmos_pressure_mv

• Barometric Pressure(atmos_pressure)

• Heat flux, sensible, at 1.5-m height, 30-min intervals(sensible_heat_flux)
• Barometric Pressure(atmos_pressure)
• Heat flux, latent, at 1.5-m height, 30-min intervals(latent_heat_flux)

SGP/EBBR/E13 - Most Measurements Incorrect When Battery Voltage Too low

Most measurements were incorrect during this period because the battery voltage was below 
10.5 volts.

• home_signal
• soil_temp_4_rr
• temp_air_right
• soil_heat_flow_1_mv
• soil_temp_1_rr
• soil_heat_flow_4_mv
• atmos_pressure_mv
• temp_reference_rr
• soil_moisture_1_rr
• wdir_vec_mean_mv
• rh_left_mv
• soil_temp_5_rr
• soil_moisture_4_rr
• temp_air_left
• Wind speed, lower, 1-min avg(wspd_arith_mean)
• soil_moisture_3_rr
• net_radiation_mv
• soil_heat_flow_2_mv
• temp_trh_left_rr
• soil_moisture_5_rr
• soil_heat_flow_3_mv
• soil_temp_3_rr
• soil_temp_2_rr
• soil_moisture_2_rr
• temp_trh_right_rr
• soil_heat_flow_5_mv
• rh_right_mv

• temp_air_top
• rh_bottom_fraction
• vapor_pressure_top
• wdir_vec_std
• Barometric Pressure(atmos_pressure)
• Wind direction, vector, lower, 1-min avg(wdir_vec_mean)
• temp_trh_bottom
• temp_reference
• temp_trh_top
• Wind speed vector mean(wspd_vec_mean)
• Radiation, net(net_radiation)
• rh_top_fraction
• vapor_pressure_bottom
• home_signal
• temp_air_bottom
• Wind speed, lower, 1-min avg(wspd_arith_mean)

• Wind speed vector mean(wspd_vec_mean)
• Heat flux, sensible, at 1.5-m height, 30-min intervals(sensible_heat_flux)
• corr_soil_heat_flow_4
• corr_soil_heat_flow_3
• energy_storage_change_4
• corr_soil_heat_flow_5
• energy_storage_change_5
• corr_soil_heat_flow_2
• Heat flux, latent, at 1.5-m height, 30-min intervals(latent_heat_flux)
• corr_soil_heat_flow_1
• Wind direction, vector, lower, 1-min avg(wdir_vec_mean)
• soil_heat_flow_1
• soil_moisture_1
• soil_heat_flow_3
• soil_moisture_2
• soil_heat_flow_2
• soil_heat_flow_5
• soil_heat_flow_4
• soil_moisture_5
• energy_storage_change_1
• soil_moisture_3
• energy_storage_change_3
• soil_moisture_4
• energy_storage_change_2
• vapor_pressure_top
• home_signal_15
• Wind speed, lower, 1-min avg(wspd_arith_mean)
• Radiation, net(net_radiation)
• temp_trh_bottom
• home_signal_30
• temp_air_bottom
• surface_soil_heat_flux_5
• Average soil heat flow at the surface(surface_soil_heat_flux_avg)
• temp_air_top
• temp_trh_top
• Barometric Pressure(atmos_pressure)
• temp_reference
• soil_heat_capacity_1
• soil_temp_2
• soil_heat_capacity_5
• soil_temp_1
• soil_heat_capacity_4
• soil_heat_capacity_3
• soil_heat_capacity_2
• soil_temp_5
• soil_temp_4
• soil_temp_3
• wdir_vec_std
• bowen_ratio
• surface_soil_heat_flux_3
• surface_soil_heat_flux_4
• surface_soil_heat_flux_1
• surface_soil_heat_flux_2
• rh_bottom_fraction
• vapor_pressure_bottom
• rh_top_fraction

SGP/EBBR/E13 - Battery failure

Data was missing entirely on parts of 10/22 and 10/23.

• home_signal
• soil_temp_4_rr
• temp_air_right
• soil_heat_flow_1_mv
• soil_temp_1_rr
• soil_heat_flow_4_mv
• atmos_pressure_mv
• temp_reference_rr
• soil_moisture_1_rr
• wdir_vec_mean_mv
• rh_left_mv
• soil_temp_5_rr
• soil_moisture_4_rr
• temp_air_left
• Wind speed, lower, 1-min avg(wspd_arith_mean)
• soil_moisture_3_rr
• net_radiation_mv
• soil_heat_flow_2_mv
• temp_trh_left_rr
• soil_moisture_5_rr
• soil_heat_flow_3_mv
• soil_temp_3_rr
• soil_temp_2_rr
• soil_moisture_2_rr
• temp_trh_right_rr
• soil_heat_flow_5_mv
• rh_right_mv

• temp_air_top
• rh_bottom_fraction
• vapor_pressure_top
• wdir_vec_std
• Barometric Pressure(atmos_pressure)
• Wind direction, vector, lower, 1-min avg(wdir_vec_mean)
• temp_trh_bottom
• temp_reference
• temp_trh_top
• Wind speed vector mean(wspd_vec_mean)
• Radiation, net(net_radiation)
• rh_top_fraction
• vapor_pressure_bottom
• temp_air_bottom
• Wind speed, lower, 1-min avg(wspd_arith_mean)

• Wind speed vector mean(wspd_vec_mean)
• Heat flux, sensible, at 1.5-m height, 30-min intervals(sensible_heat_flux)
• corr_soil_heat_flow_4
• corr_soil_heat_flow_3
• energy_storage_change_4
• corr_soil_heat_flow_5
• energy_storage_change_5
• corr_soil_heat_flow_2
• Heat flux, latent, at 1.5-m height, 30-min intervals(latent_heat_flux)
• corr_soil_heat_flow_1
• Wind direction, vector, lower, 1-min avg(wdir_vec_mean)
• soil_heat_flow_1
• soil_moisture_1
• soil_heat_flow_3
• soil_moisture_2
• soil_heat_flow_2
• soil_heat_flow_5
• soil_heat_flow_4
• soil_moisture_5
• energy_storage_change_1
• soil_moisture_3
• energy_storage_change_3
• soil_moisture_4
• energy_storage_change_2
• vapor_pressure_top
• home_signal_15
• Wind speed, lower, 1-min avg(wspd_arith_mean)
• Radiation, net(net_radiation)
• temp_trh_bottom
• home_signal_30
• temp_air_bottom
• surface_soil_heat_flux_5
• Average soil heat flow at the surface(surface_soil_heat_flux_avg)
• temp_air_top
• temp_trh_top
• Barometric Pressure(atmos_pressure)
• temp_reference
• soil_heat_capacity_1
• soil_temp_2
• soil_heat_capacity_5
• soil_temp_1
• soil_heat_capacity_4
• soil_heat_capacity_3
• soil_heat_capacity_2
• soil_temp_5
• soil_temp_4
• soil_temp_3
• wdir_vec_std
• bowen_ratio
• surface_soil_heat_flux_3
• surface_soil_heat_flux_4
• surface_soil_heat_flux_1
• surface_soil_heat_flux_2
• rh_bottom_fraction
• vapor_pressure_bottom
• rh_top_fraction

SGP/EBBR/E13 - Wind Direction Dependency of Surface Fluxes and General Data Quality 
Information

Beginning in FY2006, Data Quality Reports are not written for missing 
data or for situations when qc flags clearly show that the data is 
incorrect (this is true for most of the conditions listed below).  
DQRs are written for periods when data is incorrect, when the situation 
is not represented by qc flags in the data, and it's not obvious that 
the data should have been flagged as incorrect.

The EBBR data is only useful for particular wind directions at each 
Extended Facility.  Please use the following resources to help in 
interpreting the EBBR data.

1) qc flags in the EBBR data.

2) Instrument Mentor Monthly Summaries (IMMS) at http://www.db.arm.gov/IMMS/

3) SGP EF Surface Conditions Observations (EFSCO) at 
http://198.124.96.210:591/sfc_cond1/default.htm

4) Surface fluxes are valid only for the following wind directions
(in degrees):

0-52, 142-194, 328-360

Note that there are wind directions at most sites for which the fetch
is insufficient and therefore EBBR data is invalid.  Appropriate 
fetch was determined from a 1/40 measurement height to fetch ratio, 
resulting in a required minimum fetch of 120 m.  Particular attention 
should be paid to the limited valid wind directions for the Central 
Facility EBBR.  The surface vegetation type for the EBBRs is grazed 
or ungrazed grassland (refer to the EFSCO for state).

5) Some conditions that commonly cause the EBBR primary measurements to 
be incorrect or missing follow:

a) Sensible and latent heat fluxes are not accurate during times when 
the Automatic Exchange Mechanism (AEM) is not functioning properly.  
The AEM switches the gradient measuring instrumentation between the 
top and bottom positions every 15 minutes; this reduces the effects of 
instrument offsets.  Sometimes the AEM does not reach it's full extent 
of travel, resulting in the home signal being zero.  

b) Sensible and latent heat fluxes are sometimes incorrect when surface 
soil heat flow is out of range, as seen in the average soil heat flux 
(ave_shf).

c) Very light winds may be seen at nights for brief periods. Wind 
direction flops around a lot during low wind conditions (< 1.5 m/s) 
and is often unreliable during those periods.

d) Missing data periods occur at times; this is usually a site data 
system collection/communication problem; it can also occur during 
replacement of the system with a newly calibrated unit.  Missing data 
is sometimes filled in later from manual or automatic re-collection of 
the data.

• Wind speed vector mean(wspd_vec_mean)
• Heat flux, sensible, at 1.5-m height, 30-min intervals(sensible_heat_flux)
• corr_soil_heat_flow_4
• home_signal_30
• corr_soil_heat_flow_3
• energy_storage_change_4
• energy_storage_change_5
• corr_soil_heat_flow_5
• corr_soil_heat_flow_2
• Heat flux, latent, at 1.5-m height, 30-min intervals(latent_heat_flux)
• corr_soil_heat_flow_1
• temp_air_bottom
• Wind direction, vector, lower, 1-min avg(wdir_vec_mean)
• surface_soil_heat_flux_5
• Average soil heat flow at the surface(surface_soil_heat_flux_avg)
• lon
• temp_air_top
• temp_trh_top
• base_time
• soil_heat_flow_1
• soil_moisture_1
• soil_heat_flow_3
• soil_moisture_2
• soil_heat_flow_2
• soil_heat_flow_5
• soil_heat_flow_4
• energy_storage_change_1
• soil_moisture_5
• energy_storage_change_3
• soil_moisture_3
• energy_storage_change_2
• soil_moisture_4
• time_offset
• Barometric Pressure(atmos_pressure)
• temp_reference
• vapor_pressure_top
• soil_heat_capacity_1
• soil_temp_2
• soil_heat_capacity_5
• soil_temp_1
• soil_heat_capacity_4
• soil_heat_capacity_3
• soil_heat_capacity_2
• home_signal_15
• soil_temp_5
• soil_temp_4
• soil_temp_3
• Wind speed, lower, 1-min avg(wspd_arith_mean)
• wdir_vec_std
• bowen_ratio
• surface_soil_heat_flux_3
• alt
• surface_soil_heat_flux_4
• surface_soil_heat_flux_1
• surface_soil_heat_flux_2
• rh_bottom_fraction
• lat
• vapor_pressure_bottom
• Radiation, net(net_radiation)
• temp_trh_bottom
• rh_top_fraction

SGP/ECOR/E14 - Fluxes and Most Measurements Incorrect

The ECOR system was having major problems during this period and most measurements were 
incorrect most of the time.

• n_bad_irga
• rotated covariance vq(cvar_rot_vq)
• rotated covariance vw(cvar_rot_vw)
• temp_irga
• rotated covariance vt(cvar_rot_vt)
• rho
• Mean CO2 density(mean_c)
• rotated covariance vc(cvar_rot_vc)
• rotated covariance uw(cvar_rot_uw)
• alt
• standard deviation of wind direction(std_wind_dir)
• rotated covariance uq(cvar_rot_uq)
• rotated covariance ut(cvar_rot_ut)
• rotated covariance uv(cvar_rot_uv)
• CO2 flux(fc)
• rotated variance v(var_rot_v)
• rotated variance u(var_rot_u)
• rotated variance w(var_rot_w)
• mean_cooler
• covariance tc(cvar_tc)
• skew_c
• lon
• rotated covariance uc(cvar_rot_uc)
• n_bad_son_ic
• Water vapor mixing ratio observed by the Raman lidar(mr)
• variance of variable v(var_v)
• n_good_w
• covariance tq(cvar_tq)
• variance of variable u(var_u)
• n_good_v
• n_good_u
• variance of variable w(var_w)
• n_good_t
• elev
• Latent heat flux(lv_e)
• base_time
• covariance uc(cvar_uc)
• variance of variable q(var_q)
• variance of variable t(var_t)
• n_good_q
• wind_spd
• covariance ut(cvar_ut)
• Momentum flux (dynamic)(k)
• covariance uv(cvar_uv)
• lv
• Corrected sensible heat flux(h)
• mean_rot_w
• covariance uq(cvar_uq)
• Mean horizontal wind speed(mean_rot_u)
• time_offset
• mean_rot_v
• mean_spk_c
• variance of variable c(var_c)
• n_good_c
• n_bad_irga_light
• wind_dir
• mean_spk_v
• mean_spk_w
• covaraince vc(cvar_vc)
• mean_spk_t
• mean_spk_u
• covariance uw(cvar_uw)
• mean_spk_q
• rotated covariance wc(cvar_rot_wc)
• covariance vq(cvar_vq)
• n_spk_c
• covariance vw(cvar_vw)
• covariance vt(cvar_vt)
• kurt_c
• covariance wc(cvar_wc)
• rotated covariance wt(cvar_rot_wt)
• rotated covariance wq(cvar_rot_wq)
• real_lv
• kurt_u
• kurt_t
• Pressure, condensation, at altitude, RUC model output(cp)
• kurt_q
• covaraince wq(cvar_wq)
• friction velocity(ustar)
• covariance wt(cvar_wt)
• real_cp
• n_spk_w
• n_spk_t
• n_spk_u
• n_spk_v
• kurt_v
• n_spk_q
• real_mr
• kurt_w
• skew_u
• skew_t
• skew_w
• skew_v
• skew_q
• standard deviation of wind elevation angle(std_elev)
• real_rho
• atm_pres
• time
• Mean H2O density(mean_q)
• Mean sonic temperature (t), i.e. virtual temperature(mean_t)
• mean_u
• mean_v
• mean_w
• phi
• n_bad_c
• covariance qc(cvar_qc)
• n_bad_w
• n_bad_v
• n_bad_u
• n_bad_t
• lat
• n_bad_q

SGP/ECOR/E14 - IRGA Temperature Incorrect or Missing

The temp_irga was too large 05/09/07 1300 GMT - 05/10/07 2000 GMT.

The temp_irga was flat lined at 49.96 C 05/10/07 2030 GMT - 05/17/07 2000 GMT.  

The temp_irga was missing 05/17/07 2030 GMT - 05/19/07 1700 GMT.

• temp_irga

SGP/EBBR/E13 - Radiometer dome broken

The top net radiometer dome was broken, yielding net radiation, sensible heat flux and 
latent heat flux that were too low.

The BEFLUX (SIRS) net radiation can be used as a replacement for the EBBR net radiation.

To correct the sensible and latent heat fluxes, determine the ratio of SIRS net radiation 
to EBBR net radiation for each daylight half hour and multiply that ratio times H and LE 
to obtain approximate corrected flux values.

• net_radiation_mv

• Radiation, net(net_radiation)

• Heat flux, sensible, at 1.5-m height, 30-min intervals(sensible_heat_flux)
• Radiation, net(net_radiation)
• Heat flux, latent, at 1.5-m height, 30-min intervals(latent_heat_flux)

SGP/EBBR/E13 - Wind direction failure

The EBBR wind direction was stuck at 135 degrees; this reading indicates a failure of the 
sensor electronics.

• wdir_vec_mean_mv

• Wind direction, vector, lower, 1-min avg(wdir_vec_mean)
• wdir_vec_std
• Wind speed vector mean(wspd_vec_mean)

• Wind speed vector mean(wspd_vec_mean)
• wdir_vec_std
• Wind direction, vector, lower, 1-min avg(wdir_vec_mean)

SGP/ECOR/E14 - Sensor failure

The water vapor output of the LI-7500 was too low, indicating that water vapor leaked into 
the sensor and that the chemicals are spent or there was an electronic failure.

Latent heat flux was not normally affected by this problem.

• Mean H2O density(mean_q)

SGP/EBBR/E13 - Wind Speed Incorrect

The wind speed sensor was stopped by freezing rain.

• Wind speed, lower, 1-min avg(wspd_arith_mean)

• Wind speed vector mean(wspd_vec_mean)
• Wind speed, lower, 1-min avg(wspd_arith_mean)

• Wind speed vector mean(wspd_vec_mean)
• Wind speed, lower, 1-min avg(wspd_arith_mean)

SGP/EBBR/E13 - Incorrect Sensible and Latent Heat Fluxes

The multiplexer to which the air temperatures were connected experienced a problem, 
resulting in incorrect sensible and latent heat fluxes at times.

• temp_air_right
• temp_air_left

• temp_air_top
• temp_air_bottom

• Heat flux, sensible, at 1.5-m height, 30-min intervals(sensible_heat_flux)
• temp_air_bottom
• bowen_ratio
• temp_air_top
• Heat flux, latent, at 1.5-m height, 30-min intervals(latent_heat_flux)

SGP/EBBR/E13 - Net Radiation Too Large

The EBBR Net Radiation (Rn) values maintained a ~200 Wm^-2 reading because of poor cable 
lead connections.  Sensible and latent heat fluxes were therefore overestimated.

Sensible (H) and latent heat (LE) fluxes can be estimated in the following way:

H (new) = H/[1 + (EBBR Rn - SIRS net radiation)/SIRS net radiation]

LE (new) = LE/[1 + (EBBR Rn - SIRS net radiation)/SIRS net radiation]

• net_radiation_mv

• Radiation, net(net_radiation)

• Heat flux, sensible, at 1.5-m height, 30-min intervals(sensible_heat_flux)
• Radiation, net(net_radiation)
• Heat flux, latent, at 1.5-m height, 30-min intervals(latent_heat_flux)