TWP/C2/Sonde Missing Data

There were no sondes launced during this period because there was
no helium on site and the hydrogen generator was not working.  The
hydrogen generator was repaired and launches resumed.

• Raw data stream - documentation not supported

• Raw data stream - documentation not supported

• lat
• base_time
• Eastward Wind Component(u_wind)
• Northward Wind Component(v_wind)
• wstat
• Dry Bulb Temperature(tdry)
• Mean Wind Speed(wspd)
• Wind Direction(deg)
• alt
• Dewpoint Temperature(dp)
• asc
• Humidity, relative(rh)
• lon
• time_offset
• Pressure, atmospheric, constant value of model level, RUC model output(pres)

• lon
• Pressure, atmospheric, constant value of model level, RUC model output(pres)
• wstat
• Dewpoint Temperature(dp)
• Humidity, relative(rh)
• alt
• asc
• base_time
• time_offset
• Wind Direction(deg)
• lat
• Mean Wind Speed(wspd)
• Dry Bulb Temperature(tdry)

TWP/C2/SMET Wind Speeds

Beginning on December 24, Anemometer #1 (there are two anemometers on
the SMET stand) occasionally reported wind speed values that were low
relative to the other sensor.  It is clear from the data that the low
reading here is the anomalous one.

• Wind #1 speed minimum(wind1_spd_min)
• Wind #1 speed arithmetic average(wind1_spd_arith_avg)
• wind1_dir_sd
• wind1_spd_sd
• Wind #1 speed maximum(wind1_spd_max)
• Wind #1 speed vector average(wind1_spd_vec_avg)
• Wind #1 speed maximum gust(wind1_spd_max_gust)
• Wind #1 direction vector average(wind1_dir_vec_avg)

• Raw data stream - documentation not supported

• wind1_spd_sd
• Wind #1 speed arithmetic average(wind1_spd_arith_avg)
• wind1_dir_sd
• Wind #1 speed maximum(wind1_spd_max)
• Wind #1 speed minimum(wind1_spd_min)
• Wind #1 direction vector average(wind1_dir_vec_avg)
• Wind #1 speed vector average(wind1_spd_vec_avg)
• Wind #1 speed maximum gust(wind1_spd_max_gust)

TWP/C2/SMET Wind Speeds

Beginning on December 24, Anemometer #1 (there are two anemometers on
the SMET stand) occasionally reported wind speed values that were low
relative to the other sensor.  It is clear from the data that the low
reading here is the anomalous one.

• Wind #1 speed minimum(wind1_spd_min)
• Wind #1 speed arithmetic average(wind1_spd_arith_avg)
• wind1_dir_sd
• wind1_spd_sd
• Wind #1 speed maximum(wind1_spd_max)
• Wind #1 speed vector average(wind1_spd_vec_avg)
• Wind #1 speed maximum gust(wind1_spd_max_gust)
• Wind #1 direction vector average(wind1_dir_vec_avg)

• Raw data stream - documentation not supported

• wind1_spd_sd
• Wind #1 speed arithmetic average(wind1_spd_arith_avg)
• wind1_dir_sd
• Wind #1 speed maximum(wind1_spd_max)
• Wind #1 speed minimum(wind1_spd_min)
• Wind #1 direction vector average(wind1_dir_vec_avg)
• Wind #1 speed vector average(wind1_spd_vec_avg)
• Wind #1 speed maximum gust(wind1_spd_max_gust)

TWP/C2/SMET Winds Speeds

Beginning on December 24, Anemometer #1 (there are two anemometers on
the SMET stand) occasionally reported wind speed values that were low
relative to the other sensor.  It is clear from the data that the low
reading here is the anomalous one.

• Wind #1 speed minimum(wind1_spd_min)
• Wind #1 speed arithmetic average(wind1_spd_arith_avg)
• wind1_dir_sd
• wind1_spd_sd
• Wind #1 speed maximum(wind1_spd_max)
• Wind #1 speed vector average(wind1_spd_vec_avg)
• Wind #1 speed maximum gust(wind1_spd_max_gust)
• Wind #1 direction vector average(wind1_dir_vec_avg)

• Raw data stream - documentation not supported

• wind1_spd_sd
• Wind #1 speed arithmetic average(wind1_spd_arith_avg)
• wind1_dir_sd
• Wind #1 speed maximum(wind1_spd_max)
• Wind #1 speed minimum(wind1_spd_min)
• Wind #1 direction vector average(wind1_dir_vec_avg)
• Wind #1 speed vector average(wind1_spd_vec_avg)
• Wind #1 speed maximum gust(wind1_spd_max_gust)

TWP/C2/SMET Temperature spike

There was a brief -4 C spike in the temperature at approximately
21.5 Z on December 3.  This spike also showed up in the vapor pressure
which is calculated from the temperature and relative humidity.

• vappress_sd
• Temperature maximum(temp_max)
• temp_sd
• Vapor pressure mean(vappress_mean)
• Temperature minimum(temp_min)
• Mean Air Temperature or Hardware Error(temp_mean)

• Mean Air Temperature or Hardware Error(temp_mean)
• temp_sd
• Vapor pressure mean(vappress_mean)
• Temperature maximum(temp_max)
• vappress_sd
• Temperature minimum(temp_min)

TWP/C2/SMET - Pressure sensitivity to rain

The pressure behaves anomalously during rain events - even very mild
ones.  Normally, the pressure undergoes a smooth semi-diurnal
oscillation with little higher frequency variability.  However, during
and shortly after rain events, the pressure signal exhibits abrupt
changes - this sort of behavior has occasionally been observed at
Manus but not with the regularity seen here.  Examples of this
behaviour occur on (date in the form YYYYMMDD):

19981212
19981215
19981216
19981217
19981223
19981224
19981225
19981230
19981231

• vappress_sd
• Vapor pressure mean(vappress_mean)
• Barometric Pressure(atmos_pressure)

• Barometric Pressure(atmos_pressure)
• Vapor pressure mean(vappress_mean)
• vappress_sd

TWP/SONDE/C2 - Missing Winds

About half of the soundings in November-December exhibited drop-outs
in the winds.  These dropouts were typically over a depth of 1-2 km.
Sometimes the dropout occurred at the surface, sometimes at the top of
the sounding and sometimes in the middle.  These gaps occurred on:

19981126
19981129
19981206
19981209
19981210
19981211
19981212
19981221
19981222

• Mean Wind Speed(wspd)
• Eastward Wind Component(u_wind)
• Northward Wind Component(v_wind)

• Mean Wind Speed(wspd)

TWP/C2/Balloon Soundings: Missing Flights

No sondes were launched during this period for reasons unknown.

• lat
• base_time
• Eastward Wind Component(u_wind)
• Northward Wind Component(v_wind)
• wstat
• Dry Bulb Temperature(tdry)
• Mean Wind Speed(wspd)
• Wind Direction(deg)
• alt
• Dewpoint Temperature(dp)
• asc
• Humidity, relative(rh)
• lon
• time_offset
• Pressure, atmospheric, constant value of model level, RUC model output(pres)

• lon
• Pressure, atmospheric, constant value of model level, RUC model output(pres)
• wstat
• Dewpoint Temperature(dp)
• Humidity, relative(rh)
• alt
• asc
• base_time
• time_offset
• Wind Direction(deg)
• lat
• Mean Wind Speed(wspd)
• Dry Bulb Temperature(tdry)

TWP/SMET/C2 - RH Sensor bad at Nauru

RH sensor bad from 16 Dec 2001 03 GMT to 3 Jan 2002

• relh_sd
• Relative humidity mean(relh_mean)
• Relative humidity maximum(relh_max)
• Relative humidity minimum(relh_min)

• relh_sd
• Relative humidity minimum(relh_min)
• Relative humidity mean(relh_mean)
• Relative humidity maximum(relh_max)

TWP/SMET/C1/C2 - Switch to new Data Header Formats not timely

On April 1, 2001 at 00:00:00 new data header with consistent variable naming conventions, 
etc were to be used for all sites, all data streams.  At the TWP sites the time of the 
movement to the new convention did not occur precisely at 00:00:00.  The following data 
files contain between 40 seconds and 20 minutes of data from 4/1/02 in the old format.  The 
delayed format change did not affect data quality in any way.

twpsmet60sC1.a1.20010401.000001.cdf
twpsmet60sC1.b1.20010401.000001.cdf
twpsmet60sC2.a1.20010401.000000.cdf
twpsmet60sC2.b1.20010401.000000.cdf

• lo_dir_vec_avg
• lo_spd_vec_avg
• up_spd_min
• up_spd_max
• Mean Air Temperature or Hardware Error(temp_mean)
• relh_sd
• temp_sd
• internal_voltage
• Barometric Pressure(atmos_pressure)
• up_spd_vec_avg
• Precipitation mean(precip_mean)
• base_time
• logger_temp
• Precipitation maximum(precip_max)
• lon
• up_dir_vec_avg
• precip_sd
• lo_dir_sd
• Precipitation minimum(precip_min)
• vappress_sd
• Vapor pressure mean(vappress_mean)
• tbrg_count_total
• up_spd_arith_avg
• lat
• time_offset
• lo_spd_min
• tbrg_total
• lo_spd_max
• lo_spd_arith_avg
• up_dir_sd
• lo_spd_sd
• alt
• time
• Relative humidity mean(relh_mean)
• up_spd_sd

• up_dir_sd
• up_spd_max
• logger_temp
• time_offset
• up_spd_min
• Mean Air Temperature or Hardware Error(temp_mean)
• lo_spd_sd
• up_spd_sd
• tbrg_count_total
• lon
• lo_dir_vec_avg
• Precipitation maximum(precip_max)
• relh_sd
• internal_voltage
• base_time
• lo_spd_min
• Relative humidity mean(relh_mean)
• precip_sd
• tbrg_total
• temp_sd
• Vapor pressure mean(vappress_mean)
• up_spd_vec_avg
• up_dir_vec_avg
• lat
• lo_spd_max
• Barometric Pressure(atmos_pressure)
• up_spd_arith_avg
• lo_spd_arith_avg
• lo_spd_vec_avg
• Precipitation minimum(precip_min)
• time
• alt
• vappress_sd
• Precipitation mean(precip_mean)
• lo_dir_sd

• Mean Air Temperature or Hardware Error(temp_mean)
• lat
• Wind #2 speed maximum gust(wind2_spd_max_gust)
• vappress_sd
• relh_sd
• time_offset
• Vapor pressure mean(vappress_mean)
• bit_data
• Wind #2 speed arithmetic average(wind2_spd_arith_avg)
• temp_sd
• internal_voltage
• Wind #2 speed maximum(wind2_spd_max)
• Wind #1 speed arithmetic average(wind1_spd_arith_avg)
• alt
• Wind #1 speed vector average(wind1_spd_vec_avg)
• Wind #2 speed vector average(wind2_spd_vec_avg)
• external_voltage
• Wind #1 speed minimum(wind1_spd_min)
• wind1_spd_sd
• wind2_dir_sd
• Temperature maximum(temp_max)
• Wind #1 direction vector average(wind1_dir_vec_avg)
• Barometric Pressure(atmos_pressure)
• Temperature minimum(temp_min)
• Wind #2 speed minimum(wind2_spd_min)
• lon
• Precipitation maximum(precip_max)
• Wind #1 speed maximum(wind1_spd_max)
• Precipitation mean(precip_mean)
• precip_sd
• Wind #1 speed maximum gust(wind1_spd_max_gust)
• Precipitation minimum(precip_min)
• logger_temp
• Relative humidity mean(relh_mean)
• Relative humidity maximum(relh_max)
• wind2_spd_sd
• Wind #2 direction vector average(wind2_dir_vec_avg)
• base_time
• Relative humidity minimum(relh_min)
• wind1_dir_sd

• Precipitation mean(precip_mean)
• Wind #2 direction vector average(wind2_dir_vec_avg)
• wind2_spd_sd
• Wind #2 speed maximum gust(wind2_spd_max_gust)
• Wind #2 speed vector average(wind2_spd_vec_avg)
• temp_sd
• Wind #1 direction vector average(wind1_dir_vec_avg)
• precip_sd
• time_offset
• Temperature maximum(temp_max)
• internal_voltage
• Wind #2 speed minimum(wind2_spd_min)
• Barometric Pressure(atmos_pressure)
• vappress_sd
• Relative humidity minimum(relh_min)
• Wind #2 speed arithmetic average(wind2_spd_arith_avg)
• lat
• Wind #1 speed arithmetic average(wind1_spd_arith_avg)
• Precipitation minimum(precip_min)
• Temperature minimum(temp_min)
• Wind #2 speed maximum(wind2_spd_max)
• alt
• bit_data
• wind1_spd_sd
• logger_temp
• wind1_dir_sd
• base_time
• relh_sd
• Wind #1 speed vector average(wind1_spd_vec_avg)
• Relative humidity mean(relh_mean)
• Wind #1 speed maximum gust(wind1_spd_max_gust)
• Relative humidity maximum(relh_max)
• Wind #1 speed minimum(wind1_spd_min)
• lon
• Precipitation maximum(precip_max)
• wind2_dir_sd
• Mean Air Temperature or Hardware Error(temp_mean)
• Wind #1 speed maximum(wind1_spd_max)
• Vapor pressure mean(vappress_mean)
• external_voltage

TWP/C2  Installation

The Nauru ARCS was installed during the period September-November
1998.  Data were being collected by the end of October, but for the
first several weeks of November, the site was undergoing considerable
change, so data from that period should be used with caution.  The
official site dedication occured on November 20.  Most on-site
activity ended following the dedication so we will consider November
20 to be the beginning of the Nauru operations.  The last members of
the installation team left Nauru on November 24.

• Raw data stream - documentation not supported

• lat
• base_time
• Eastward Wind Component(u_wind)
• Northward Wind Component(v_wind)
• wstat
• Dry Bulb Temperature(tdry)
• Mean Wind Speed(wspd)
• Wind Direction(deg)
• alt
• Dewpoint Temperature(dp)
• asc
• Humidity, relative(rh)
• lon
• time_offset
• Pressure, atmospheric, constant value of model level, RUC model output(pres)

• lon
• Pressure, atmospheric, constant value of model level, RUC model output(pres)
• wstat
• Dewpoint Temperature(dp)
• Humidity, relative(rh)
• alt
• asc
• base_time
• time_offset
• Wind Direction(deg)
• lat
• Mean Wind Speed(wspd)
• Dry Bulb Temperature(tdry)

TWP/C2  Installation

The Nauru ARCS was installed during the period September-November
1998.  Data were being collected by the end of October, but for the
first several weeks of November, the site was undergoing considerable
change, so data from that period should be used with caution.  The
official site dedication occured on November 20.  Most on-site
activity ended following the dedication so we will consider November
20 to be the beginning of the Nauru operations.  The last members of
the installation team left Nauru on November 24.

• vappress_sd
• Wind #1 speed minimum(wind1_spd_min)
• wind1_dir_sd
• Vapor pressure mean(vappress_mean)
• wind1_spd_sd
• Mean Air Temperature or Hardware Error(temp_mean)
• Wind #2 direction vector average(wind2_dir_vec_avg)
• Wind #1 direction vector average(wind1_dir_vec_avg)
• lat
• time_offset
• Wind #1 speed arithmetic average(wind1_spd_arith_avg)
• relh_sd
• temp_sd
• bit_data
• Temperature minimum(temp_min)
• internal_voltage
• Wind #2 speed minimum(wind2_spd_min)
• filename
• Wind #2 speed vector average(wind2_spd_vec_avg)
• Barometric Pressure(atmos_pressure)
• Precipitation mean(precip_mean)
• Wind #1 speed maximum gust(wind1_spd_max_gust)
• wind2_dir_sd
• Relative humidity maximum(relh_max)
• Relative humidity minimum(relh_min)
• Temperature maximum(temp_max)
• Wind #2 speed arithmetic average(wind2_spd_arith_avg)
• base_time
• logger_temp
• Precipitation maximum(precip_max)
• lon
• Wind #2 speed maximum(wind2_spd_max)
• alt
• precip_sd
• Wind #1 speed maximum(wind1_spd_max)
• Wind #1 speed vector average(wind1_spd_vec_avg)
• external_voltage
• Precipitation minimum(precip_min)
• wind2_spd_sd
• Relative humidity mean(relh_mean)
• Wind #2 speed maximum gust(wind2_spd_max_gust)

• Raw data stream - documentation not supported

• Precipitation mean(precip_mean)
• Wind #1 speed arithmetic average(wind1_spd_arith_avg)
• Wind #2 direction vector average(wind2_dir_vec_avg)
• Precipitation minimum(precip_min)
• Temperature minimum(temp_min)
• Wind #2 speed maximum(wind2_spd_max)
• wind2_spd_sd
• filename
• Wind #2 speed maximum gust(wind2_spd_max_gust)
• alt
• bit_data
• wind1_spd_sd
• logger_temp
• Wind #2 speed vector average(wind2_spd_vec_avg)
• wind1_dir_sd
• base_time
• temp_sd
• relh_sd
• Wind #1 speed vector average(wind1_spd_vec_avg)
• Wind #1 direction vector average(wind1_dir_vec_avg)
• Relative humidity mean(relh_mean)
• Wind #1 speed maximum gust(wind1_spd_max_gust)
• Relative humidity maximum(relh_max)
• precip_sd
• time_offset
• Temperature maximum(temp_max)
• internal_voltage
• Wind #2 speed minimum(wind2_spd_min)
• Barometric Pressure(atmos_pressure)
• Wind #1 speed minimum(wind1_spd_min)
• vappress_sd
• lon
• Precipitation maximum(precip_max)
• Relative humidity minimum(relh_min)
• wind2_dir_sd
• Mean Air Temperature or Hardware Error(temp_mean)
• Wind #1 speed maximum(wind1_spd_max)
• Vapor pressure mean(vappress_mean)
• Wind #2 speed arithmetic average(wind2_spd_arith_avg)
• lat
• external_voltage

TWP/SONDE/C2  - Broken Temperature Sensor

The temperature sensors on these radiosondes broke at launch.  All
the temperature-related data are incorrect.

• Dry Bulb Temperature(tdry)
• Dewpoint Temperature(dp)
• Humidity, relative(rh)

• Humidity, relative(rh)
• Dewpoint Temperature(dp)
• Dry Bulb Temperature(tdry)

TWP/SMET/C2 - Temperature Sensor Failed, Data Missing

The T/RH sensor on Nauru failed and was replaced (only the temperature sensor failed).

• Temperature maximum(temp_max)
• temp_sd
• Temperature minimum(temp_min)
• Mean Air Temperature or Hardware Error(temp_mean)

• Mean Air Temperature or Hardware Error(temp_mean)
• temp_sd
• Temperature maximum(temp_max)
• Temperature minimum(temp_min)

TWP/SONDE/C2 - Bad RH Data (AIRS Validation Sonde)

The RH sensor heating circuit failed on this sonde.  This results in
oscillation of reported RH between reasonable values and values near zero.
This was an AIRS validation sounding.

• Dewpoint Temperature(dp)
• Humidity, relative(rh)

• Humidity, relative(rh)
• Dewpoint Temperature(dp)

TWP/SMET/C2 - Upper wind sensor failed

The upper wind speed sensor failed.  Wind speeds were reported as 0 m/s and wind direction 
data was not in agreement with the lower wind sensor. Anemometer was replaced.

• up_dir_vec_avg
• up_spd_min
• up_spd_arith_avg
• up_dir_sd
• up_spd_max
• up_spd_sd
• up_spd_vec_avg

TWP/SONDE/C2  - Failure of RH sensor

It appears that the RH sensor heating circuit failed during this sounding.  The RH 
oscillates rapidly between low (~0 %RH) and not so low (ambient %RH) and the oscillation seems 
to stop when the temperature is below ~35 degC.  According to Vaisala these are symptoms 
of failure in the ASIC (application specific integrated circuit) that controls the heating.

• Dewpoint Temperature(dp)
• Humidity, relative(rh)

• Humidity, relative(rh)
• Dewpoint Temperature(dp)

TWP/SONDE/C2 - Strange problem with data -

This is very strange.  The data has what appears to be a pressure jump at launch (from 
1007.2 to 956.5 hPa) but the sounding temperature and RH data clearly look to be 
interpolated between the surface and tropopause.  By examining the absolutely raw data, I found that 
the system assigned an elapsed time of 408 seconds (since system start up) to the launch 
point, but there is no raw data between 410 and 532 seconds.  The raw pressure value at 
410 seconds is 1007.6 hPa and that at 532 seconds is 40.9 hPa!  Unless this sounding was 
done by using a rocket-powered balloon (maybe even then), it would be impossible for the 
sonde to get to 40.9 hPa in 2 minutes.  Because the apparent gap is only two minutes, the 
system was able to interpolate but is not sophisticated enough to understand that the 
limits of the interpolation are unreasonable.

I can't imagine what went wrong - I've not seen anything like this before.

• Raw data stream - documentation not supported

• Raw data stream - documentation not supported

• lon
• Eastward Wind Component(u_wind)
• Northward Wind Component(v_wind)
• asc
• Humidity, relative(rh)
• time_offset
• base_time
• Dewpoint Temperature(dp)
• wstat
• Wind Direction(deg)
• alt
• Mean Wind Speed(wspd)
• Pressure, atmospheric, constant value of model level, RUC model output(pres)
• lat
• Dry Bulb Temperature(tdry)

TWP/SONDE/C2 - RH sensor bad

It appears that the RH sensor heating circuits failed during these
soundings.  The RH oscillates rapidly between low (~0 %RH) and not
so low (ambient %RH) and the oscillation seems to stop when the
temperature is below ~35 degC.  According to Vaisala these are
symptoms of failure in the ASIC (application specific integrated
circuit) that controls the heating.

• Humidity, relative(rh)
• Dewpoint Temperature(dp)

TWP/SONDE/C2 - Broken temperature sensors

The temperature sensors on these radiosondes broke after launch.  All
temperature-related data are incorrect.

• Humidity, relative(rh)
• Dewpoint Temperature(dp)
• Dry Bulb Temperature(tdry)

TWP/SONDE/C2  - Questionable rH data

It appears that the RH sensor heating circuit failed during this sounding.  The RH 
oscillates rapidly between low (~0 %RH) and not so low (ambient %RH) and the oscillation seems 
to stop when the temperature is below ~35 degC.  According to Vaisala these are symptoms 
of failure in the ASIC (application specific integrated circuit) that controls the heating.

• Humidity, relative(rh)
• Dewpoint Temperature(dp)

TWP/SONDE/C2  - Bad RH sensor

It appears that the RH sensor heating circuit failed during this sounding.  The RH 
oscillates rapidly between low (~0 %RH) and not so low (ambient %RH) and the oscillation seems 
to stop when the temperature is below ~35 degC.  According to Vaisala these are symptoms 
of failure in the ASIC (application specific integrated circuit) that controls the heating.

• Humidity, relative(rh)
• Dewpoint Temperature(dp)

TWP/SMET/C2 - Lower wind sensor failure

The lower wind sensor failed.  Wind direction showed little or no variation, unlike the 
co-located/upper sensor.  This caused depressed wind speed values as the sensor was not 
rotating properly to orient itself parallel to the wind stream.  The sensor was replaced.

• lo_spd_arith_avg
• lo_spd_min
• lo_dir_vec_avg
• lo_spd_vec_avg
• lo_spd_max
• lo_spd_sd
• lo_dir_sd

TWP/SONDE/C2 - Bad RH values aloft

It appears that the RH sensor heating circuit on this sonde failed about 24 minutes into 
the flight.  The RH values look reasonable, though somewhat noisy, from the surface to 
approximately 6.9 km (439 hPa) at which point they begin to oscillate between 0 and 100 %.  
This behavior stops when the sonde reaches approximately 11.5km (232 hPa) when the air 
temperature drops below -40 degC.  The oscillation stops at that point, though the RH 
remains higher than might be expected even under supersaturated conditions.

• Humidity, relative(rh)
• Dewpoint Temperature(dp)

TWP/SONDE/C2  - RH sensor failure near surface

It appears that the RH sensor heating circuit failed during this sounding.  The RH 
oscillates rapidly between low (~0 %RH) and not so low (ambient %RH) and the oscillation seems 
to stop when the temperature is below ~35 degC.  According to Vaisala these are symptoms 
of failure in the ASIC (application specific integrated circuit) that controls the heating.

• Humidity, relative(rh)
• Dewpoint Temperature(dp)

TWP/SMET/C2 - connection and timing issues with new logger

Atmospheric pressure data are intermittent during this time period due to connection 
problems and program timing issues with new logger installation.  Data resumed normal 
operations after this time period.

• Barometric Pressure(atmos_pressure)

TWP/SMET/C2 - Negative rainfall rates

Due to limitations of the Zeno dataloggers all voltage measurements
from the optical rain gauge (ORG) were converted to rainfall rates. 
This resulted in negative values for rain rates.  Any value below
0.10 mm/hr should be considered to be 0 mm/hr.  New dataloggers 
alleviated this problem.

• Precipitation mean(precip_mean)
• Precipitation minimum(precip_min)
• Precipitation maximum(precip_max)
• precip_sd

TWP/SONDE/C2 - Operator used wrong calibration tape

It appears as though the opperator used the wrong calibration tape for this sounding.  The 
primary symptom is a jump in temperature from a surface value of 30.1 degC to the first 
value aloft of 61.0 degC.  Secondly, the recorded serial number for this sounding is 
Z1430179 which is the same serial number recorded for the previous sounding.

This problem points to three failures of procedure (I have notified TWP site ops by 
e-mail).  The first failure is using the wrong tape. The second failure is not checking the 
radiosonde values before launch which relates to the third failure of not entering the 
radiosonde values as the surface values of the sounding.

• lon
• Eastward Wind Component(u_wind)
• Northward Wind Component(v_wind)
• asc
• Humidity, relative(rh)
• time_offset
• base_time
• Dewpoint Temperature(dp)
• wstat
• Wind Direction(deg)
• alt
• Mean Wind Speed(wspd)
• Pressure, atmospheric, constant value of model level, RUC model output(pres)
• lat
• Dry Bulb Temperature(tdry)

TWP/SMET/C2 - Incorrect rainrate equation used.

There are two different Optical Raingages in use at the TWP sites.  The incorrect equation 
was used at this site.  The incorrect equation is (25*(V^1.87)) - 0.15.
The correct equation is (20*(V^2)) - 0.05.  The correct equation was installed.

• Precipitation mean(precip_mean)
• Precipitation minimum(precip_min)
• Precipitation maximum(precip_max)
• precip_sd

TWP/SONDE/C2  - RH sensor failure below 9km

It appears that the RH sensor heating circuit failed during this sounding.  The RH 
oscillates rapidly between low (~0 %RH) and not so low (ambient %RH) and the oscillation seems 
to stop when the temperature is below ~35 degC.  According to Vaisala these are symptoms 
of failure in the ASIC (application specific integrated circuit) that controls the heating.

• Humidity, relative(rh)
• Dewpoint Temperature(dp)

TWP/SONDE/C2 - Bad RH values aloft

It appears that the RH sensor heating circuit on these sondes failed after launch but 
resume proper operation when the ambient temperature dropped below ~40 degC.

• Humidity, relative(rh)
• Dewpoint Temperature(dp)

TWP/SMET/C2 - Upper wind direction sensor failure

The upper wind direction sensor failed. Wind direction was reported at a near constant 
value of 69 degrees and was significantly different than the lower wind sensor's direction 
values. Sensor replaced.

• up_dir_vec_avg
• up_dir_sd

TWP/SMET/C2 - Upper wind direction sensor failure

After replacement on 03/03/2005 the upper wind direction sensor began reporting erroneous 
values again on 03/09/2005 becoming very apparent after 03/17/2005.  Wind speed data 
appears reasonable but the wind direction data do not agree well with the lower wind sensor.

• up_dir_vec_avg
• up_dir_sd

TWP/SMET/C2 - RH sensor failure

Relative humidity values were frequently over MAX value of 104% starting on 7/10/2005 
through end of period.  Sensor was replaced.

• relh_sd
• Relative humidity mean(relh_mean)

TWP/SONDE/C2 - Bad RH sensor

It appears that the RH sensor heating circuit failed during this sounding.  The RH 
oscillates rapidly between low (~0 %RH) and not so low (ambient %RH) and the oscillation seems 
to stop when the temperature is below -50 degC.  According to Vaisala these are symptoms 
of failure in the ASIC (application specific integrated circuit) that controls the heating.

• Humidity, relative(rh)
• Dewpoint Temperature(dp)

TWP/SMET/C2 - Instrument maintenance

Instrument calibration and testing were taking place for brief periods.

• vappress_sd
• lo_spd_arith_avg
• lo_dir_vec_avg
• lo_spd_vec_avg
• Vapor pressure mean(vappress_mean)
• up_spd_min
• up_dir_sd
• up_spd_max
• Mean Air Temperature or Hardware Error(temp_mean)
• tbrg_count_total
• Precipitation maximum(precip_max)
• up_spd_arith_avg
• lo_spd_sd
• relh_sd
• lo_spd_min
• temp_sd
• up_dir_vec_avg
• precip_sd
• Barometric Pressure(atmos_pressure)
• lo_dir_sd
• up_spd_vec_avg
• Precipitation minimum(precip_min)
• Precipitation mean(precip_mean)
• tbrg_total
• Relative humidity mean(relh_mean)
• lo_spd_max
• up_spd_sd

TWP/SMET/C2 - ORG data incorrect

Data from the ORG was incorrect due to heavy condensation on the lens.

• Precipitation mean(precip_mean)
• Precipitation minimum(precip_min)
• Precipitation maximum(precip_max)
• precip_sd

TWP/SMET/C2 - Tower down for calibration activities

Tower lowered, wind vanes spun at different frequencies, and ORG tested with electronic 
rain.

• vappress_sd
• Temperature maximum(temp_max)
• Wind #1 speed minimum(wind1_spd_min)
• Wind #2 speed arithmetic average(wind2_spd_arith_avg)
• wind1_dir_sd
• Vapor pressure mean(vappress_mean)
• wind1_spd_sd
• Mean Air Temperature or Hardware Error(temp_mean)
• Precipitation maximum(precip_max)
• Wind #1 direction vector average(wind1_dir_vec_avg)
• Wind #2 direction vector average(wind2_dir_vec_avg)
• Wind #2 speed maximum(wind2_spd_max)
• Wind #1 speed arithmetic average(wind1_spd_arith_avg)
• relh_sd
• temp_sd
• Temperature minimum(temp_min)
• precip_sd
• Wind #1 speed maximum(wind1_spd_max)
• Wind #2 speed minimum(wind2_spd_min)
• Wind #1 speed vector average(wind1_spd_vec_avg)
• Wind #2 speed vector average(wind2_spd_vec_avg)
• Precipitation mean(precip_mean)
• Precipitation minimum(precip_min)
• Wind #1 speed maximum gust(wind1_spd_max_gust)
• wind2_spd_sd
• Relative humidity mean(relh_mean)
• Wind #2 speed maximum gust(wind2_spd_max_gust)
• wind2_dir_sd
• Relative humidity maximum(relh_max)
• Relative humidity minimum(relh_min)

TWP/SONDE/C2 - Broken temperature sensor

The temperature sensor on this radiosonde broke after launch.  All the temperature-related 
data are incorrect.

• Humidity, relative(rh)
• Dewpoint Temperature(dp)
• Dry Bulb Temperature(tdry)

TWP/SONDE/C2  - Broken temperature sensor

The temperature sensor on this radiosonde broke after launch.  All the temperature-related 
data are incorrect.

• Humidity, relative(rh)
• Dewpoint Temperature(dp)
• Dry Bulb Temperature(tdry)

TWP/CSPHOT/C2 - Battery Voltage Problem

The Cimel Internal Battery Voltage dropped below 5.0 V.
This caused satellite data transmissions to failed.  Therefore data are very sporadic 
during this time.  Collected data are probably usable.
The problem was aleviated for a two months period in Apr./May 2006, when the battery was 
replaced on or about 2006-03-27.
The problem recurred in June because the solar panels were corroded and unable to keep the 
battery charged.
The whole unit was replaced in Nov. 2006 and power is now provided by the site and data 
are transmitted via land-line.

• AVHRR satellite images for Darwin from BOM (RAW)(raw)

• AVHRR satellite images for Darwin from BOM (RAW)(raw)

• AVHRR satellite images for Darwin from BOM (RAW)(raw)

• AVHRR satellite images for Darwin from BOM (RAW)(raw)

• AVHRR satellite images for Darwin from BOM (RAW)(raw)

• AVHRR satellite images for Darwin from BOM (RAW)(raw)

• tail1
• tail2
• DATA_TYPE
• Aerosol optical prop., phase functions, total mode, at wvlngth and scat angle(pfn_t)
• angle
• alt
• time
• time_offset
• Aerosol optical thickness, Angstrom coefficient from CSPHOT(alpha440_870)
• Aerosol optical thickness, from CSPHOT(tau440)
• timeObs
• alm_type
• siz_index
• tail_level
• sun_error
• lat
• last_processing_date
• zenith
• lon
• sky_error
• num_of_angles
• base_time
• Wavelength of spectrum data(wavelength)

• angle
• time
• time_offset
• tail_level
• Aerosol optical prop., phase functions, coarse mode, at wvlngth and scat angle(pfn_c)
• alm_type
• sky_error
• lon
• num_of_angles
• Aerosol optical thickness, Angstrom coefficient from CSPHOT(alpha440_870)
• Wavelength of spectrum data(wavelength)
• last_processing_date
• zenith
• timeObs
• alt
• sun_error
• tail2
• tail1
• lat
• base_time
• DATA_TYPE
• siz_index
• Aerosol optical thickness, from CSPHOT(tau440)

• Particle size distribution, volume concentration, fine(VolCon_F)
• Particle size distribution, volume concentration, coarse(VolCon_C)
• alt
• zenith
• Particle size distribution, volume median radius, total(VolMedianRad_T)
• Aerosol optical property, asymmetry factor, scattering, 1022nm, fine(ASYM1022_F)
• Particle size distribution, volume concentration, total(VolCon_T)
• Aerosol optical property, asymmetry factor, scattering, 1022nm, total(ASYM1022_T)
• Aerosol optical thickness, 440nm(AOT_440)
• Aerosol optical thickness, Angstrom coefficient, 870-440nm, absorption(AngstromParam870_440_AOT_Absp)
• Aerosol optical property, asymmetry factor, scattering, 1022nm, coarse(ASYM1022_C)
• Aerosol optical property, asymmetry factor, scattering, 441nm, fine(ASYM441_F)
• Aerosol optical thickness,extinction,1022nm, total(AOTExt1022_T)
• alm_type
• Aerosol optical property, asymmetry factor, scattering, 441nm, coarse(ASYM441_C)
• Aerosol optical thickness,extinction,1022nm, fine(AOTExt1022_F)
• Aerosol optical thickness,extinction,1022nm, coarse(AOTExt1022_C)
• Aerosol optical property, asymmetry factor, scattering, 441nm, total(ASYM441_T)
• Aerosol optical property, asymmetry factor, scattering, 673nm, total(ASYM673_T)
• Aerosol optical thickness,extinction,873nm, coarse(AOTExt873_C)
• Aerosol optical thickness,extinction,873nm, fine(AOTExt873_F)
• bins
• Aerosol optical thickness,extinction,873nm, total(AOTExt873_T)
• Aerosol optical property, refractive index, imaginary, 441nm(REFI_441)
• Aerosol optical property, asymmetry factor, scattering, 673nm, coarse(ASYM673_C)
• Aerosol optical property, asymmetry factor, scattering, 673nm, fine(ASYM673_F)
• Aerosol optical thickness, Angstrom coefficient, 870-440nm,extinction(AngstromParam870_440_AOT_Ext)
• Aerosol optical property, single scattering albedo, 673nm, total(SSA673_T)
• lon
• Aerosol optical property, single scattering albedo, 673nm, fine(SSA673_F)
• Aerosol optical thickness, 670nm(AOT_670)
• Aerosol optical property, single scattering albedo, 673nm, coarse(SSA673_C)
• Aerosol optical thickness,absorption,441nm,total(AOTAbsp441_T)
• Aerosol optical thickness,extinction,441nm, total(AOTExt441_T)
• Aerosol optical property, refractive index, real, 1022nm(REFR_1022)
• Aerosol optical thickness,340nm(AOT_340)
• tail_level
• Aerosol optical thickness,absorption,441nm,coarse(AOTAbsp441_C)
• Aerosol optical thickness,extinction,441nm, coarse(AOTExt441_C)
• Aerosol optical thickness,extinction,441nm, fine(AOTExt441_F)
• Aerosol optical thickness,absorption,441nm,fine(AOTAbsp441_F)
• DATA_TYPE
• Aerosol optical thickness, 870nm(AOT_870)
• Aerosol optical thickness, 1020nm(AOT_1020)
• Particle size distribution, effective radius, total(EffRad_T)
• Particle size distribution, effective radius, coarse(EffRad_C)
• Particle size distribution, effective radius, fine(EffRad_F)
• time
• Aerosol optical property, refractive index, imaginary 1022nm(REFI_1022)
• siz_index
• Aerosol optical thickness,extinction,673nm, total(AOTExt673_T)
• Aerosol optical thickness,extinction,673nm, coarse(AOTExt673_C)
• Aerosol optical thickness,extinction,673nm, fine(AOTExt673_F)
• timeObs
• StdDev_T
• Aerosol optical property, asymmetry factor, scattering, 873nm, coarse(ASYM873_C)
• StdDev_F
• StdDev_C
• Aerosol optical property, asymmetry factor, scattering, 873nm, total(ASYM873_T)
• Aerosol optical thickness, 380nm(AOT_380)
• Aerosol optical thickness, 500nm(AOT_500)
• Aerosol optical property, asymmetry factor, scattering, 873nm, fine(ASYM873_F)
• Aerosol optical thickness,absorption,1022nm,total(AOTAbsp1022_T)
• base_time
• Aerosol optical property, single scattering albedo, 873nm, fine(SSA873_F)
• Aerosol optical thickness,absorption,873nm,total(AOTAbsp873_T)
• Aerosol optical thickness, 1640nm(AOT_1640)
• Aerosol optical property, refractive index, real, 673nm(REFR_673)
• Aerosol optical property, single scattering albedo, 873nm, coarse(SSA873_C)
• lat
• num_of_angles
• Aerosol optical thickness, from CSPHOT(tau440)
• Aerosol optical thickness,absorption,873nm,coarse(AOTAbsp873_C)
• Aerosol optical thickness,absorption,873nm,fine(AOTAbsp873_F)
• Aerosol optical property, single scattering albedo, 873nm, total(SSA873_T)
• sun_error
• Aerosol optical property, single scattering albedo, 441nm, coarse(SSA441_C)
• Aerosol optical property, single scattering albedo, 441nm, fine(SSA441_F)
• Aerosol optical thickness, Angstrom coefficient from CSPHOT(alpha440_870)
• Aerosol optical thickness,absorption,673nm,total(AOTAbsp673_T)
• Aerosol optical thickness,absorption,673nm,fine(AOTAbsp673_F)
• Aerosol optical property, single scattering albedo, 441nm, total(SSA441_T)
• Aerosol optical thickness,absorption,673nm,coarse(AOTAbsp673_C)
• Column volume size distribution (dV/dlnr)(size)
• Aerosol optical property, single scattering albedo, 1022nm, total(SSA1022_T)
• Aerosol optical property, refractive index, real, 873nm(REFR_873)
• tail1
• tail2
• Aerosol optical property, single scattering albedo, 1022nm,fine(SSA1022_F)
• Aerosol optical property, single scattering albedo, 1022nm, coarse(SSA1022_C)
• last_processing_date
• time_offset
• Aerosol optical thickness,absorption,1022nm,fine(AOTAbsp1022_F)
• Aerosol optical thickness,absorption,1022nm,coarse(AOTAbsp1022_C)
• Particle size distribution, volume median radius, coarse(VolMedianRad_C)
• Particle size distribution, volume median radius, fine(VolMedianRad_F)
• Water vapor, precipitable, column-integrated on isobaric grid, from RUC model(pwv)
• Aerosol optical property, refractive index, imaginary, 873nm(REFI_873)
• Aerosol optical property, refractive index, real, 441nm(REFR_441)
• Aerosol optical property, refractive index, imaginary, 673nm(REFI_673)
• sky_error

• timeObs
• Aerosol optical thickness, angstrom coefficient, at 340-440 nm, from CSPHOT(Angstrom340_440)
• Water vapor, precipitable, column-integrated on isobaric grid, from RUC model(pwv)
• Aerosol optical thickness, at 1640 nm, from CSPHOT(aot_1640)
• time
• Aerosol optical thickness, at 500 nm, from CPSHOT(aot_500)
• Aerosol optical thickness, at 670 nm, from CSPHOT(aot_670)
• zenith
• Aerosol optical thickness, angstrom coefficient, at 440-870 nm, from CSPHOT(Angstrom440_870)
• lat
• TripletVar_1640
• alt
• Aerosol optical thickness, angstrom coefficient, at 440-675 nm, polarized(Angstrom440_675_Polar)
• Aerosol optical thickness, at 380 nm, from CSPHOT(aot_380)
• WaterError
• time_offset
• TripletVar_440
• base_time
• Aerosol optical thickness, angstrom coefficient, at 500-870 nm, from CSPHOT(Angstrom500_870)
• Aerosol optical thickness, at 340 nm, from CSPHOT(aot_340)
• TripletVar_340
• TripletVar_670
• TripletVar_870
• lon
• Aerosol optical thickness, angstrom coefficient, at 440-675 nm, from CSPHOT(Angstrom440_675)
• Aerosol optical thickness, angstrom coefficient, at 380-500 nm, from CSPHOT(Angstrom380_500)
• Aerosol optical thickness, at 870 nm, from CSPHOT(aot_870)
• Aerosol optical thickness, at 440 nm, from CSPHOT(aot_440)
• last_processing_date
• Aerosol optical thickness, at 1020 nm, from CSPHOT(aot_1020)
• TripletVar_380
• TripletVar_500
• TripletVar_1020

• AVHRR satellite images for Darwin from BOM (RAW)(raw)

• AVHRR satellite images for Darwin from BOM (RAW)(raw)

• alt
• view_zenith
• zenith
• timeObs
• Wavelength of spectrum data(wavelength)
• time_offset
• lat
• Radiance, sky, principle planes, at view zenight angle, from CSPHOT(pp_rad)
• lon
• time
• base_time

• Aerosol optical thickness, angstrom coefficient, at 440-675 nm, from CSPHOT(Angstrom440_675)
• timeObs
• base_time
• Aerosol optical thickness, at 870 nm, from CSPHOT(aot_870)
• Aerosol optical thickness, at 1020 nm, from CSPHOT(aot_1020)
• TripletVar_870
• TripletVar_380
• Aerosol optical thickness, angstrom coefficient, at 380-500 nm, from CSPHOT(Angstrom380_500)
• alt
• Water vapor, precipitable, column-integrated on isobaric grid, from RUC model(pwv)
• Aerosol optical thickness, at 440 nm, from CSPHOT(aot_440)
• TripletVar_500
• Aerosol optical thickness, at 340 nm, from CSPHOT(aot_340)
• Aerosol optical thickness, angstrom coefficient, at 500-870 nm, from CSPHOT(Angstrom500_870)
• WaterError
• time_offset
• Aerosol optical thickness, angstrom coefficient, at 440-870 nm, from CSPHOT(Angstrom440_870)
• Aerosol optical thickness, at 670 nm, from CSPHOT(aot_670)
• Aerosol optical thickness, at 1640 nm, from CSPHOT(aot_1640)
• Aerosol optical thickness, at 380 nm, from CSPHOT(aot_380)
• time
• TripletVar_1020
• Aerosol optical thickness, angstrom coefficient, at 440-675 nm, polarized(Angstrom440_675_Polar)
• TripletVar_670
• Aerosol optical thickness, at 500 nm, from CPSHOT(aot_500)
• last_processing_date
• zenith
• Aerosol optical thickness, angstrom coefficient, at 340-440 nm, from CSPHOT(Angstrom340_440)
• TripletVar_1640
• lat
• lon
• TripletVar_340
• TripletVar_440

• base_time
• Aerosol optical thickness, from CSPHOT(tau440)
• DATA_TYPE
• time
• last_processing_date
• bins
• siz_index
• Column volume size distribution (dV/dlnr)(size)
• timeObs
• alm_type
• lon
• alt
• lat
• tail_level
• time_offset
• num_of_angles
• zenith
• sun_error
• sky_error
• Aerosol optical thickness, Angstrom coefficient from CSPHOT(alpha440_870)
• tail1
• tail2

• WaterError
• last_processing_date
• Aerosol optical thickness, at 380 nm, from CSPHOT(aot_380)
• TripletVar_440
• Aerosol optical thickness, angstrom coefficient, at 380-500 nm, from CSPHOT(Angstrom380_500)
• time
• Aerosol optical thickness, angstrom coefficient, at 500-870 nm, from CSPHOT(Angstrom500_870)
• TripletVar_340
• Aerosol optical thickness, at 340 nm, from CSPHOT(aot_340)
• Aerosol optical thickness, angstrom coefficient, at 440-675 nm, polarized(Angstrom440_675_Polar)
• Water vapor, precipitable, column-integrated on isobaric grid, from RUC model(pwv)
• Aerosol optical thickness, at 870 nm, from CSPHOT(aot_870)
• TripletVar_500
• alt
• Aerosol optical thickness, at 440 nm, from CSPHOT(aot_440)
• zenith
• TripletVar_380
• time_offset
• Aerosol optical thickness, at 1020 nm, from CSPHOT(aot_1020)
• lon
• TripletVar_1640
• Aerosol optical thickness, at 1640 nm, from CSPHOT(aot_1640)
• Aerosol optical thickness, at 500 nm, from CPSHOT(aot_500)
• lat
• Aerosol optical thickness, angstrom coefficient, at 440-675 nm, from CSPHOT(Angstrom440_675)
• TripletVar_1020
• Aerosol optical thickness, angstrom coefficient, at 340-440 nm, from CSPHOT(Angstrom340_440)
• TripletVar_670
• Aerosol optical thickness, at 670 nm, from CSPHOT(aot_670)
• TripletVar_870
• timeObs
• base_time
• Aerosol optical thickness, angstrom coefficient, at 440-870 nm, from CSPHOT(Angstrom440_870)

• lon
• time_offset
• Radiance, diffuse, almucantar, at azimuth, from CPSHOT(alm_rad)
• lat
• time
• base_time
• zenith
• azimuth
• timeObs
• alt
• Wavelength of spectrum data(wavelength)

• AVHRR satellite images for Darwin from BOM (RAW)(raw)

• AVHRR satellite images for Darwin from BOM (RAW)(raw)

• Aerosol optical prop., phase functions, fine mode, at wvlngth and scat angle(pfn_f)
• Aerosol optical thickness, Angstrom coefficient from CSPHOT(alpha440_870)
• DATA_TYPE
• sun_error
• zenith
• last_processing_date
• tail_level
• sky_error
• tail2
• timeObs
• tail1
• lat
• base_time
• Wavelength of spectrum data(wavelength)
• alt
• time
• siz_index
• time_offset
• lon
• angle
• Aerosol optical thickness, from CSPHOT(tau440)
• num_of_angles
• alm_type

TWP/SONDE/C2  - Broken temperature sensor

The temperature sensor on this radiosonde broke after launch.  All the temperature-related 
data are incorrect.

• Humidity, relative(rh)
• Dewpoint Temperature(dp)
• Dry Bulb Temperature(tdry)

TWP/SONDE/C2  - Broken temperature sensor

The temperature sensor on this radiosonde broke after launch.  All the temperature-related 
data are incorrect.

• Humidity, relative(rh)
• Dewpoint Temperature(dp)
• Dry Bulb Temperature(tdry)

TWP/SONDE/C2  - Bad RH in lower 8km

It appears that the RH sensor heating circuit failed during this sounding.  The RH 
oscillates rapidly between low (~0 %RH) and not so low (ambient %RH) and the oscillation seems 
to stop when the temperature is below ~35 degC.  According to Vaisala these are symptoms 
of failure in the ASIC (application specific integrated circuit) that controls the heating.

• Humidity, relative(rh)
• Dewpoint Temperature(dp)

TWP/SMET/C2 - Temp/RH probe failure

Temperature/RH probe failed and was replaced.

• vappress_sd
• relh_sd
• temp_sd
• Vapor pressure mean(vappress_mean)
• Relative humidity mean(relh_mean)
• Mean Air Temperature or Hardware Error(temp_mean)

TWP/SMET/C2 - Reprocess: Barometric pressure units change

Barometric pressure data during this time period is reported in hPa.  After this time, the 
data have been converted to kPa to standardize the measurement units among ARM sites and 
to conform to accepted standard units determined by the scientific community.

• Barometric Pressure(atmos_pressure)

TWP/SMET/C2 - Reprocess: Tipping bucket rain gauge added

A tipping bucket rain gauge was added to the TWP.C2 SMET suite of instruments on 20061129. 
Effective 20060926, two new variables (count and rain amount) were added to the end of 
the twpsmet60sC2.b1 datastream.  Between 9/26 and 11/29, the data for these two variables 
are filled with zeros.  Users should not use the data during this period as the zeros are 
not representative of the rain fall at the site.  When reprocessing of this datastream 
occurs these variables will be added for the 19981021-20060926 and data from 
19981021-20061129 will be filled with -9999 (missing).

• base_time

TWP/SMET/C2 - Barometer failure

The barometer began experiencing problems with noise resulting in incorrect data.  The 
problem becames worse over time; after 12/19/2006 @0151 GMT the barometer data is completely 
missing.  The barometer was replaced.

• Barometric Pressure(atmos_pressure)

TWP/SONDE/C2 - Surface Temperature Incorrect

The first two temperature values in the datafile are incorrect.  It appears that the 
observer mis-typed the surface temperature as -27 instead of +27.  The next value was 8 which 
is also incorrect and was caused by the system interpolating from the incorrect surface 
value and what the sonde temperature sensor was reading.

• Dry Bulb Temperature(tdry)

TWP/SONDE/C2 - Surface RH value incorrect

The surface RH value was incorrect.  It appears the observer mis-typed 70 instead of 80.  
This error also caused the dew point temperature to be incorrect.

• Humidity, relative(rh)
• Dewpoint Temperature(dp)

TWP/SONDE/C2 - Surface RH value incorrect

The surface RH was reproted as 78%.  The value should have been in the low 50's.  It 
appears the observer did not allow the sonde to equilibrate to ambient conditions before 
taking the reading.  This error also caused an incorrect dew point.

• Humidity, relative(rh)
• Dewpoint Temperature(dp)

TWP/SONDE/C2 - Surface RH Value incorrect

The surface value entered by the observers for RH (96%) is incorrect.  At the ascent time 
listed in the .ptu file the readings by the Sonde were around 65%.  This low RH value is 
supported by the nearby SMET tower RH reading of 71.8%.  This also caused the surface dew 
point to be incorrect.

• Humidity, relative(rh)
• Dewpoint Temperature(dp)

TWP/SONDE/C2 - Surface RH too high

The surface Rh was entered as 94%.  The ascent time has 72% and this value is supported by 
RH values from the nearby SMET system.  This error also will affect the dew point.

• Humidity, relative(rh)
• Dewpoint Temperature(dp)

TWP/SONDE/C2 - Broken temperature sensor at launch

Temperature sensor broken at launch.  All thermodynamic values are incorrect.

• Wind Direction(deg)
• Humidity, relative(rh)
• Dewpoint Temperature(dp)

TWP/SONDE/C2 - Broken temperature sensor at launch

The temperature sensor on this radiosonde broke after launch.  All the temperature-related 
data are incorrect.

• Humidity, relative(rh)
• Dewpoint Temperature(dp)
• Dry Bulb Temperature(tdry)

TWP/SMET/C2 - Lower windspeed sensor questionable

Lower wind speed sensor had degraded bearings.  This sensor was reporting as much as 0.4 
m/s lower values than the upper sensors when the winds were 2 m/s or below.  The sensor 
was replaced.

• lo_spd_arith_avg
• lo_spd_min
• lo_spd_vec_avg
• lo_spd_max
• lo_spd_sd

TWP/SMET/C2 - Lower Wind Sensor Direction Incorrect

Wind directions between lower and upper anemometers were displaced by approximately 45 
degrees when a new sensor was installed to replace the failing lower winde sensor.  The new 
sensor direction data incorrect.

• lo_dir_vec_avg
• lo_dir_sd

TWP/CSPHOT/C2 - Missing data

Data are missing and unrecoverable.

• alt
• view_zenith
• zenith
• timeObs
• Wavelength of spectrum data(wavelength)
• time_offset
• lat
• Radiance, sky, principle planes, at view zenight angle, from CSPHOT(pp_rad)
• lon
• time
• base_time

• base_time
• Aerosol optical thickness, from CSPHOT(tau440)
• DATA_TYPE
• time
• last_processing_date
• bins
• siz_index
• Column volume size distribution (dV/dlnr)(size)
• timeObs
• alm_type
• lon
• alt
• lat
• tail_level
• time_offset
• num_of_angles
• zenith
• sun_error
• sky_error
• Aerosol optical thickness, Angstrom coefficient from CSPHOT(alpha440_870)
• tail1
• tail2

• Aerosol optical thickness, angstrom coefficient, at 440-675 nm, from CSPHOT(Angstrom440_675)
• timeObs
• base_time
• Aerosol optical thickness, at 870 nm, from CSPHOT(aot_870)
• Aerosol optical thickness, at 1020 nm, from CSPHOT(aot_1020)
• TripletVar_870
• TripletVar_380
• Aerosol optical thickness, angstrom coefficient, at 380-500 nm, from CSPHOT(Angstrom380_500)
• alt
• Water vapor, precipitable, column-integrated on isobaric grid, from RUC model(pwv)
• Aerosol optical thickness, at 440 nm, from CSPHOT(aot_440)
• TripletVar_500
• Aerosol optical thickness, at 340 nm, from CSPHOT(aot_340)
• Aerosol optical thickness, angstrom coefficient, at 500-870 nm, from CSPHOT(Angstrom500_870)
• WaterError
• time_offset
• Aerosol optical thickness, angstrom coefficient, at 440-870 nm, from CSPHOT(Angstrom440_870)
• Aerosol optical thickness, at 670 nm, from CSPHOT(aot_670)
• Aerosol optical thickness, at 1640 nm, from CSPHOT(aot_1640)
• Aerosol optical thickness, at 380 nm, from CSPHOT(aot_380)
• time
• TripletVar_1020
• Aerosol optical thickness, angstrom coefficient, at 440-675 nm, polarized(Angstrom440_675_Polar)
• TripletVar_670
• Aerosol optical thickness, at 500 nm, from CPSHOT(aot_500)
• last_processing_date
• zenith
• Aerosol optical thickness, angstrom coefficient, at 340-440 nm, from CSPHOT(Angstrom340_440)
• TripletVar_1640
• lat
• lon
• TripletVar_340
• TripletVar_440

• angle
• time
• time_offset
• tail_level
• Aerosol optical prop., phase functions, coarse mode, at wvlngth and scat angle(pfn_c)
• alm_type
• sky_error
• lon
• num_of_angles
• Aerosol optical thickness, Angstrom coefficient from CSPHOT(alpha440_870)
• Wavelength of spectrum data(wavelength)
• last_processing_date
• zenith
• timeObs
• alt
• sun_error
• tail2
• tail1
• lat
• base_time
• DATA_TYPE
• siz_index
• Aerosol optical thickness, from CSPHOT(tau440)

• tail1
• tail2
• DATA_TYPE
• Aerosol optical prop., phase functions, total mode, at wvlngth and scat angle(pfn_t)
• angle
• alt
• time
• time_offset
• Aerosol optical thickness, Angstrom coefficient from CSPHOT(alpha440_870)
• Aerosol optical thickness, from CSPHOT(tau440)
• timeObs
• alm_type
• siz_index
• tail_level
• sun_error
• lat
• last_processing_date
• zenith
• lon
• sky_error
• num_of_angles
• base_time
• Wavelength of spectrum data(wavelength)

• lon
• time_offset
• Radiance, diffuse, almucantar, at azimuth, from CPSHOT(alm_rad)
• lat
• time
• base_time
• zenith
• azimuth
• timeObs
• alt
• Wavelength of spectrum data(wavelength)

• WaterError
• last_processing_date
• Aerosol optical thickness, at 380 nm, from CSPHOT(aot_380)
• TripletVar_440
• Aerosol optical thickness, angstrom coefficient, at 380-500 nm, from CSPHOT(Angstrom380_500)
• time
• Aerosol optical thickness, angstrom coefficient, at 500-870 nm, from CSPHOT(Angstrom500_870)
• TripletVar_340
• Aerosol optical thickness, at 340 nm, from CSPHOT(aot_340)
• Aerosol optical thickness, angstrom coefficient, at 440-675 nm, polarized(Angstrom440_675_Polar)
• Water vapor, precipitable, column-integrated on isobaric grid, from RUC model(pwv)
• Aerosol optical thickness, at 870 nm, from CSPHOT(aot_870)
• TripletVar_500
• Aerosol optical thickness, at 440 nm, from CSPHOT(aot_440)
• alt
• zenith
• TripletVar_380
• time_offset
• Aerosol optical thickness, at 1020 nm, from CSPHOT(aot_1020)
• lon
• TripletVar_1640
• Aerosol optical thickness, at 1640 nm, from CSPHOT(aot_1640)
• Aerosol optical thickness, at 500 nm, from CPSHOT(aot_500)
• lat
• Aerosol optical thickness, angstrom coefficient, at 440-675 nm, from CSPHOT(Angstrom440_675)
• TripletVar_1020
• Aerosol optical thickness, angstrom coefficient, at 340-440 nm, from CSPHOT(Angstrom340_440)
• TripletVar_670
• Aerosol optical thickness, at 670 nm, from CSPHOT(aot_670)
• TripletVar_870
• timeObs
• base_time
• Aerosol optical thickness, angstrom coefficient, at 440-870 nm, from CSPHOT(Angstrom440_870)

• Particle size distribution, volume concentration, fine(VolCon_F)
• Particle size distribution, volume concentration, coarse(VolCon_C)
• alt
• zenith
• Particle size distribution, volume median radius, total(VolMedianRad_T)
• Aerosol optical property, asymmetry factor, scattering, 1022nm, fine(ASYM1022_F)
• Particle size distribution, volume concentration, total(VolCon_T)
• Aerosol optical property, asymmetry factor, scattering, 1022nm, total(ASYM1022_T)
• Aerosol optical thickness, 440nm(AOT_440)
• Aerosol optical thickness, Angstrom coefficient, 870-440nm, absorption(AngstromParam870_440_AOT_Absp)
• Aerosol optical property, asymmetry factor, scattering, 1022nm, coarse(ASYM1022_C)
• Aerosol optical property, asymmetry factor, scattering, 441nm, fine(ASYM441_F)
• Aerosol optical thickness,extinction,1022nm, total(AOTExt1022_T)
• alm_type
• Aerosol optical property, asymmetry factor, scattering, 441nm, coarse(ASYM441_C)
• Aerosol optical thickness,extinction,1022nm, fine(AOTExt1022_F)
• Aerosol optical thickness,extinction,1022nm, coarse(AOTExt1022_C)
• Aerosol optical property, asymmetry factor, scattering, 441nm, total(ASYM441_T)
• Aerosol optical property, asymmetry factor, scattering, 673nm, total(ASYM673_T)
• Aerosol optical thickness,extinction,873nm, coarse(AOTExt873_C)
• Aerosol optical thickness,extinction,873nm, fine(AOTExt873_F)
• bins
• Aerosol optical thickness,extinction,873nm, total(AOTExt873_T)
• Aerosol optical property, refractive index, imaginary, 441nm(REFI_441)
• Aerosol optical property, asymmetry factor, scattering, 673nm, coarse(ASYM673_C)
• Aerosol optical property, asymmetry factor, scattering, 673nm, fine(ASYM673_F)
• Aerosol optical thickness, Angstrom coefficient, 870-440nm,extinction(AngstromParam870_440_AOT_Ext)
• Aerosol optical property, single scattering albedo, 673nm, total(SSA673_T)
• lon
• Aerosol optical property, single scattering albedo, 673nm, fine(SSA673_F)
• Aerosol optical thickness, 670nm(AOT_670)
• Aerosol optical property, single scattering albedo, 673nm, coarse(SSA673_C)
• Aerosol optical thickness,absorption,441nm,total(AOTAbsp441_T)
• Aerosol optical thickness,extinction,441nm, total(AOTExt441_T)
• Aerosol optical property, refractive index, real, 1022nm(REFR_1022)
• Aerosol optical thickness,340nm(AOT_340)
• tail_level
• Aerosol optical thickness,absorption,441nm,coarse(AOTAbsp441_C)
• Aerosol optical thickness,extinction,441nm, coarse(AOTExt441_C)
• Aerosol optical thickness,extinction,441nm, fine(AOTExt441_F)
• Aerosol optical thickness,absorption,441nm,fine(AOTAbsp441_F)
• DATA_TYPE
• Aerosol optical thickness, 870nm(AOT_870)
• Aerosol optical thickness, 1020nm(AOT_1020)
• Particle size distribution, effective radius, total(EffRad_T)
• Particle size distribution, effective radius, coarse(EffRad_C)
• Particle size distribution, effective radius, fine(EffRad_F)
• time
• Aerosol optical property, refractive index, imaginary 1022nm(REFI_1022)
• siz_index
• Aerosol optical thickness,extinction,673nm, total(AOTExt673_T)
• Aerosol optical thickness,extinction,673nm, coarse(AOTExt673_C)
• Aerosol optical thickness,extinction,673nm, fine(AOTExt673_F)
• timeObs
• StdDev_T
• Aerosol optical property, asymmetry factor, scattering, 873nm, coarse(ASYM873_C)
• StdDev_F
• StdDev_C
• Aerosol optical property, asymmetry factor, scattering, 873nm, total(ASYM873_T)
• Aerosol optical thickness, 380nm(AOT_380)
• Aerosol optical thickness, 500nm(AOT_500)
• Aerosol optical property, asymmetry factor, scattering, 873nm, fine(ASYM873_F)
• Aerosol optical thickness,absorption,1022nm,total(AOTAbsp1022_T)
• base_time
• Aerosol optical property, single scattering albedo, 873nm, fine(SSA873_F)
• Aerosol optical thickness,absorption,873nm,total(AOTAbsp873_T)
• Aerosol optical thickness, 1640nm(AOT_1640)
• Aerosol optical property, refractive index, real, 673nm(REFR_673)
• Aerosol optical property, single scattering albedo, 873nm, coarse(SSA873_C)
• lat
• num_of_angles
• Aerosol optical thickness, from CSPHOT(tau440)
• Aerosol optical thickness,absorption,873nm,coarse(AOTAbsp873_C)
• Aerosol optical thickness,absorption,873nm,fine(AOTAbsp873_F)
• Aerosol optical property, single scattering albedo, 873nm, total(SSA873_T)
• sun_error
• Aerosol optical property, single scattering albedo, 441nm, coarse(SSA441_C)
• Aerosol optical property, single scattering albedo, 441nm, fine(SSA441_F)
• Aerosol optical thickness, Angstrom coefficient from CSPHOT(alpha440_870)
• Aerosol optical thickness,absorption,673nm,total(AOTAbsp673_T)
• Aerosol optical thickness,absorption,673nm,fine(AOTAbsp673_F)
• Aerosol optical property, single scattering albedo, 441nm, total(SSA441_T)
• Aerosol optical thickness,absorption,673nm,coarse(AOTAbsp673_C)
• Column volume size distribution (dV/dlnr)(size)
• Aerosol optical property, single scattering albedo, 1022nm, total(SSA1022_T)
• Aerosol optical property, refractive index, real, 873nm(REFR_873)
• tail1
• tail2
• Aerosol optical property, single scattering albedo, 1022nm,fine(SSA1022_F)
• Aerosol optical property, single scattering albedo, 1022nm, coarse(SSA1022_C)
• last_processing_date
• time_offset
• Aerosol optical thickness,absorption,1022nm,fine(AOTAbsp1022_F)
• Aerosol optical thickness,absorption,1022nm,coarse(AOTAbsp1022_C)
• Particle size distribution, volume median radius, coarse(VolMedianRad_C)
• Particle size distribution, volume median radius, fine(VolMedianRad_F)
• Water vapor, precipitable, column-integrated on isobaric grid, from RUC model(pwv)
• Aerosol optical property, refractive index, imaginary, 873nm(REFI_873)
• Aerosol optical property, refractive index, real, 441nm(REFR_441)
• Aerosol optical property, refractive index, imaginary, 673nm(REFI_673)
• sky_error

• timeObs
• Aerosol optical thickness, angstrom coefficient, at 340-440 nm, from CSPHOT(Angstrom340_440)
• Water vapor, precipitable, column-integrated on isobaric grid, from RUC model(pwv)
• Aerosol optical thickness, at 1640 nm, from CSPHOT(aot_1640)
• time
• Aerosol optical thickness, at 500 nm, from CPSHOT(aot_500)
• Aerosol optical thickness, at 670 nm, from CSPHOT(aot_670)
• zenith
• Aerosol optical thickness, angstrom coefficient, at 440-870 nm, from CSPHOT(Angstrom440_870)
• lat
• TripletVar_1640
• alt
• Aerosol optical thickness, angstrom coefficient, at 440-675 nm, polarized(Angstrom440_675_Polar)
• Aerosol optical thickness, at 380 nm, from CSPHOT(aot_380)
• WaterError
• time_offset
• TripletVar_440
• base_time
• Aerosol optical thickness, angstrom coefficient, at 500-870 nm, from CSPHOT(Angstrom500_870)
• Aerosol optical thickness, at 340 nm, from CSPHOT(aot_340)
• TripletVar_340
• TripletVar_670
• TripletVar_870
• lon
• Aerosol optical thickness, angstrom coefficient, at 440-675 nm, from CSPHOT(Angstrom440_675)
• Aerosol optical thickness, angstrom coefficient, at 380-500 nm, from CSPHOT(Angstrom380_500)
• Aerosol optical thickness, at 870 nm, from CSPHOT(aot_870)
• Aerosol optical thickness, at 440 nm, from CSPHOT(aot_440)
• last_processing_date
• Aerosol optical thickness, at 1020 nm, from CSPHOT(aot_1020)
• TripletVar_380
• TripletVar_500
• TripletVar_1020

• Aerosol optical prop., phase functions, fine mode, at wvlngth and scat angle(pfn_f)
• Aerosol optical thickness, Angstrom coefficient from CSPHOT(alpha440_870)
• DATA_TYPE
• sun_error
• zenith
• last_processing_date
• tail_level
• sky_error
• tail2
• timeObs
• tail1
• lat
• base_time
• Wavelength of spectrum data(wavelength)
• alt
• time
• siz_index
• time_offset
• lon
• angle
• Aerosol optical thickness, from CSPHOT(tau440)
• num_of_angles
• alm_type

TWP/SONDE/C2 - Failure of RH sensor

The RH sensor ASIC that controls the sensor heating failed.  As a result the RH at the 
beginning of the sounding oscillates between near-zero and ambient values.  The RH heating 
cycle stops when the ambient temperature reaches below -30 degC; above this level RH 
values should be valid.

• Humidity, relative(rh)
• Dewpoint Temperature(dp)

TWP/SMET/C2 - Lower Wind Speed Data Suspect

The lower wind speed bearings appeared to be binding at speeds below 2 m/s as it did not 
compare well with the upper wind sensor.

• lo_spd_arith_avg
• lo_spd_min
• lo_spd_vec_avg
• lo_spd_max
• lo_spd_sd

TWP/SMET/C2 - Reprocess: ORG Data has very small rainrate values

The ORG data is collected via analog signal and not digital.  Therefore, we continuously 
collect data even when no rain is occurring.  We also capture small events such as leaves, 
large bugs, dust, etc blowing through the measurement path.  Because this discrete event 
occurs quickly the value is usually captured for 1 or 2 seconds.  This value is then 
averaged to the minute producing rainrate on the order of .009 mm/hr or less.  

These values are not indicative of rain and should be removed from the record or summing 
over long periods can bias the climate record.  We will reprocess the data to remove these 
small values.

• Precipitation mean(precip_mean)
• Precipitation minimum(precip_min)
• Precipitation maximum(precip_max)
• precip_sd

TWP/SMET/C2 - ORG rainfall measurements too large

The ORG was collecting large amounts of rainfall compared to the co-located tipping bucket 
raingauge.  The cable was chewed by mice causing the wires to make contact 
intermittently mimicking rainfall.

• Precipitation mean(precip_mean)
• Precipitation minimum(precip_min)
• Precipitation maximum(precip_max)
• precip_sd

TWP/SMET/C2 - Missing data

Data are missing and unrecoverable.

• vappress_sd
• lo_spd_arith_avg
• lo_dir_vec_avg
• lo_spd_vec_avg
• Vapor pressure mean(vappress_mean)
• base_time
• up_spd_min
• up_dir_sd
• up_spd_max
• logger_temp
• Mean Air Temperature or Hardware Error(temp_mean)
• tbrg_count_total
• Precipitation maximum(precip_max)
• lon
• up_spd_arith_avg
• lo_spd_sd
• lat
• time_offset
• relh_sd
• lo_spd_min
• up_dir_vec_avg
• temp_sd
• alt
• internal_voltage
• precip_sd
• Barometric Pressure(atmos_pressure)
• up_spd_vec_avg
• lo_dir_sd
• Precipitation minimum(precip_min)
• Precipitation mean(precip_mean)
• tbrg_total
• time
• Relative humidity mean(relh_mean)
• lo_spd_max
• up_spd_sd

TWP/SONDE/C2 - Bad RH values throughout sounding

RH values fluctuate largely in a stepping function throughout the sounding.  Suspect bad 
RH sensors.

• Humidity, relative(rh)

TWP/SMET/C2 - Wind Speed data contain offset due to induced voltage

The marine model of the RM Young wind sensor needs twisted pair shielded cable.  The 
manufacturer did not originally supply the pigtail with twisted pair shielded cable.  Use of 
twisted pair shielded cable for the rest of the cable run to the logger was also not 
specified.  This caused an induced voltage in the wind speed line from the wind direction 
excitation.  The induced voltage varied from sensor to sensor and probably changed anytime 
the cable was replaced or parts of the wind sensor were repaired or replaced. The induced 
voltage has been seen to vary from 0.15 m/s to as much as 1.08 m/s.

• lo_spd_arith_avg
• lo_spd_min
• lo_spd_vec_avg
• up_spd_min
• up_spd_arith_avg
• lo_spd_max
• up_spd_max
• up_spd_sd
• lo_spd_sd
• up_spd_vec_avg

TWP/SMET/C2 - ORG rainrate high due to calibration.

The rainrate from the ORG was high due to calibration.  This data is not real.

• Precipitation mean(precip_mean)
• Precipitation minimum(precip_min)
• Precipitation maximum(precip_max)
• precip_sd

TWP/SONDE/C2 - Defective Temperature Sensor

Temperature sensor shows a +30C offset for duration of flight.

• Dry Bulb Temperature(tdry)

TWP/SONDE/C2 - Suspect RH values

RH values only are suspect for the duration of this radiosonde flight, exhibiting a 
"sawtooth" pattern.

• Humidity, relative(rh)

TWP/SMET/C2 - Barometer data incorrect

Beginning 05/20, atmos_pressure exceeded MAX between ~21:00 and 01:00 UTC on most days.  
The inlet tube was accidentally pinched in the door of the logger enclosure artificially 
increasing the atmospheric pressure during the listed times.  Only a few hours exceeded 
max limits.

• Barometric Pressure(atmos_pressure)

TWP/SONDE/C2 - Wind data missing

A GPS problem associated with Vaisala BBSS ground station software issues caused the 
ground stations to enter into an error state when using GPS wind finding. In some instances, 
the flight was aborted due to the error state and not data was collected.  A workaround 
was developed to allow sondes to be launched without collecting wind data.

• wstat
• Eastward Wind Component(u_wind)
• Northward Wind Component(v_wind)
• Mean Wind Speed(wspd)

TWP/CSPHOT/C2 - Instrument problem

Data is suspect due to problems with the rain sensor and clock setting being offset.

• view_zenith
• zenith
• Wavelength of spectrum data(wavelength)
• Radiance, sky, principle planes, at view zenight angle, from CSPHOT(pp_rad)

• Aerosol optical thickness, from CSPHOT(tau440)
• DATA_TYPE
• bins
• Column volume size distribution (dV/dlnr)(size)
• siz_index
• alm_type
• tail_level
• zenith
• sun_error
• sky_error
• Aerosol optical thickness, Angstrom coefficient from CSPHOT(alpha440_870)
• tail1
• tail2

• Aerosol optical thickness, angstrom coefficient, at 440-675 nm, from CSPHOT(Angstrom440_675)
• Aerosol optical thickness, at 870 nm, from CSPHOT(aot_870)
• Aerosol optical thickness, at 1020 nm, from CSPHOT(aot_1020)
• TripletVar_870
• TripletVar_380
• Aerosol optical thickness, angstrom coefficient, at 380-500 nm, from CSPHOT(Angstrom380_500)
• Water vapor, precipitable, column-integrated on isobaric grid, from RUC model(pwv)
• Aerosol optical thickness, at 440 nm, from CSPHOT(aot_440)
• TripletVar_500
• Aerosol optical thickness, at 340 nm, from CSPHOT(aot_340)
• Aerosol optical thickness, angstrom coefficient, at 500-870 nm, from CSPHOT(Angstrom500_870)
• WaterError
• Aerosol optical thickness, angstrom coefficient, at 440-870 nm, from CSPHOT(Angstrom440_870)
• Aerosol optical thickness, at 670 nm, from CSPHOT(aot_670)
• Aerosol optical thickness, at 1640 nm, from CSPHOT(aot_1640)
• Aerosol optical thickness, at 380 nm, from CSPHOT(aot_380)
• TripletVar_1020
• Aerosol optical thickness, angstrom coefficient, at 440-675 nm, polarized(Angstrom440_675_Polar)
• TripletVar_670
• Aerosol optical thickness, at 500 nm, from CPSHOT(aot_500)
• zenith
• Aerosol optical thickness, angstrom coefficient, at 340-440 nm, from CSPHOT(Angstrom340_440)
• TripletVar_1640
• TripletVar_340
• TripletVar_440

• angle
• tail_level
• Aerosol optical prop., phase functions, coarse mode, at wvlngth and scat angle(pfn_c)
• alm_type
• sky_error
• Aerosol optical thickness, Angstrom coefficient from CSPHOT(alpha440_870)
• Wavelength of spectrum data(wavelength)
• zenith
• sun_error
• tail2
• tail1
• DATA_TYPE
• siz_index
• Aerosol optical thickness, from CSPHOT(tau440)

• tail1
• tail2
• DATA_TYPE
• Aerosol optical prop., phase functions, total mode, at wvlngth and scat angle(pfn_t)
• angle
• Aerosol optical thickness, Angstrom coefficient from CSPHOT(alpha440_870)
• Aerosol optical thickness, from CSPHOT(tau440)
• alm_type
• siz_index
• tail_level
• sun_error
• zenith
• sky_error
• Wavelength of spectrum data(wavelength)

• Radiance, diffuse, almucantar, at azimuth, from CPSHOT(alm_rad)
• zenith
• azimuth
• Wavelength of spectrum data(wavelength)

• WaterError
• Aerosol optical thickness, at 380 nm, from CSPHOT(aot_380)
• TripletVar_440
• Aerosol optical thickness, angstrom coefficient, at 380-500 nm, from CSPHOT(Angstrom380_500)
• Aerosol optical thickness, angstrom coefficient, at 500-870 nm, from CSPHOT(Angstrom500_870)
• TripletVar_340
• Aerosol optical thickness, at 340 nm, from CSPHOT(aot_340)
• Aerosol optical thickness, angstrom coefficient, at 440-675 nm, polarized(Angstrom440_675_Polar)
• Water vapor, precipitable, column-integrated on isobaric grid, from RUC model(pwv)
• Aerosol optical thickness, at 870 nm, from CSPHOT(aot_870)
• TripletVar_500
• Aerosol optical thickness, at 440 nm, from CSPHOT(aot_440)
• zenith
• TripletVar_380
• Aerosol optical thickness, at 1020 nm, from CSPHOT(aot_1020)
• TripletVar_1640
• Aerosol optical thickness, at 1640 nm, from CSPHOT(aot_1640)
• Aerosol optical thickness, at 500 nm, from CPSHOT(aot_500)
• Aerosol optical thickness, angstrom coefficient, at 440-675 nm, from CSPHOT(Angstrom440_675)
• TripletVar_1020
• Aerosol optical thickness, angstrom coefficient, at 340-440 nm, from CSPHOT(Angstrom340_440)
• TripletVar_670
• Aerosol optical thickness, at 670 nm, from CSPHOT(aot_670)
• TripletVar_870
• Aerosol optical thickness, angstrom coefficient, at 440-870 nm, from CSPHOT(Angstrom440_870)

• Particle size distribution, volume concentration, fine(VolCon_F)
• Particle size distribution, volume concentration, coarse(VolCon_C)
• zenith
• Particle size distribution, volume median radius, total(VolMedianRad_T)
• Aerosol optical property, asymmetry factor, scattering, 1022nm, fine(ASYM1022_F)
• Particle size distribution, volume concentration, total(VolCon_T)
• Aerosol optical property, asymmetry factor, scattering, 1022nm, total(ASYM1022_T)
• Aerosol optical thickness, 440nm(AOT_440)
• Aerosol optical thickness, Angstrom coefficient, 870-440nm, absorption(AngstromParam870_440_AOT_Absp)
• Aerosol optical property, asymmetry factor, scattering, 1022nm, coarse(ASYM1022_C)
• Aerosol optical property, asymmetry factor, scattering, 441nm, fine(ASYM441_F)
• alm_type
• Aerosol optical thickness,extinction,1022nm, total(AOTExt1022_T)
• Aerosol optical property, asymmetry factor, scattering, 441nm, coarse(ASYM441_C)
• Aerosol optical thickness,extinction,1022nm, fine(AOTExt1022_F)
• Aerosol optical thickness,extinction,1022nm, coarse(AOTExt1022_C)
• Aerosol optical property, asymmetry factor, scattering, 441nm, total(ASYM441_T)
• Aerosol optical property, asymmetry factor, scattering, 673nm, total(ASYM673_T)
• Aerosol optical thickness,extinction,873nm, coarse(AOTExt873_C)
• Aerosol optical thickness,extinction,873nm, fine(AOTExt873_F)
• Aerosol optical thickness,extinction,873nm, total(AOTExt873_T)
• Aerosol optical property, refractive index, imaginary, 441nm(REFI_441)
• Aerosol optical property, asymmetry factor, scattering, 673nm, coarse(ASYM673_C)
• Aerosol optical property, asymmetry factor, scattering, 673nm, fine(ASYM673_F)
• Aerosol optical thickness, Angstrom coefficient, 870-440nm,extinction(AngstromParam870_440_AOT_Ext)
• Aerosol optical property, single scattering albedo, 673nm, total(SSA673_T)
• Aerosol optical property, single scattering albedo, 673nm, fine(SSA673_F)
• Aerosol optical thickness, 670nm(AOT_670)
• Aerosol optical property, single scattering albedo, 673nm, coarse(SSA673_C)
• Aerosol optical thickness,absorption,441nm,total(AOTAbsp441_T)
• Aerosol optical property, refractive index, real, 1022nm(REFR_1022)
• Aerosol optical thickness,extinction,441nm, total(AOTExt441_T)
• Aerosol optical thickness,340nm(AOT_340)
• tail_level
• Aerosol optical thickness,extinction,441nm, coarse(AOTExt441_C)
• Aerosol optical thickness,absorption,441nm,coarse(AOTAbsp441_C)
• Aerosol optical thickness,extinction,441nm, fine(AOTExt441_F)
• DATA_TYPE
• Aerosol optical thickness,absorption,441nm,fine(AOTAbsp441_F)
• Aerosol optical thickness, 870nm(AOT_870)
• Aerosol optical thickness, 1020nm(AOT_1020)
• Particle size distribution, effective radius, total(EffRad_T)
• Particle size distribution, effective radius, coarse(EffRad_C)
• Particle size distribution, effective radius, fine(EffRad_F)
• Aerosol optical property, refractive index, imaginary 1022nm(REFI_1022)
• siz_index
• Aerosol optical thickness,extinction,673nm, total(AOTExt673_T)
• Aerosol optical thickness,extinction,673nm, coarse(AOTExt673_C)
• Aerosol optical thickness,extinction,673nm, fine(AOTExt673_F)
• StdDev_T
• Aerosol optical property, asymmetry factor, scattering, 873nm, coarse(ASYM873_C)
• StdDev_F
• StdDev_C
• Aerosol optical property, asymmetry factor, scattering, 873nm, total(ASYM873_T)
• Aerosol optical thickness, 380nm(AOT_380)
• Aerosol optical thickness, 500nm(AOT_500)
• Aerosol optical property, asymmetry factor, scattering, 873nm, fine(ASYM873_F)
• Aerosol optical thickness,absorption,1022nm,total(AOTAbsp1022_T)
• Aerosol optical property, single scattering albedo, 873nm, fine(SSA873_F)
• Aerosol optical property, refractive index, real, 673nm(REFR_673)
• Aerosol optical thickness, 1640nm(AOT_1640)
• Aerosol optical thickness,absorption,873nm,total(AOTAbsp873_T)
• Aerosol optical property, single scattering albedo, 873nm, coarse(SSA873_C)
• Aerosol optical thickness, from CSPHOT(tau440)
• Aerosol optical thickness,absorption,873nm,coarse(AOTAbsp873_C)
• Aerosol optical thickness,absorption,873nm,fine(AOTAbsp873_F)
• Aerosol optical property, single scattering albedo, 873nm, total(SSA873_T)
• sun_error
• Aerosol optical property, single scattering albedo, 441nm, coarse(SSA441_C)
• Aerosol optical property, single scattering albedo, 441nm, fine(SSA441_F)
• Aerosol optical thickness, Angstrom coefficient from CSPHOT(alpha440_870)
• Aerosol optical thickness,absorption,673nm,total(AOTAbsp673_T)
• Aerosol optical thickness,absorption,673nm,fine(AOTAbsp673_F)
• Aerosol optical property, single scattering albedo, 441nm, total(SSA441_T)
• Aerosol optical thickness,absorption,673nm,coarse(AOTAbsp673_C)
• Column volume size distribution (dV/dlnr)(size)
• Aerosol optical property, single scattering albedo, 1022nm, total(SSA1022_T)
• Aerosol optical property, refractive index, real, 873nm(REFR_873)
• tail1
• tail2
• Aerosol optical property, single scattering albedo, 1022nm,fine(SSA1022_F)
• Aerosol optical property, single scattering albedo, 1022nm, coarse(SSA1022_C)
• Aerosol optical thickness,absorption,1022nm,fine(AOTAbsp1022_F)
• Aerosol optical thickness,absorption,1022nm,coarse(AOTAbsp1022_C)
• Particle size distribution, volume median radius, coarse(VolMedianRad_C)
• Particle size distribution, volume median radius, fine(VolMedianRad_F)
• Water vapor, precipitable, column-integrated on isobaric grid, from RUC model(pwv)
• Aerosol optical property, refractive index, imaginary, 873nm(REFI_873)
• Aerosol optical property, refractive index, real, 441nm(REFR_441)
• Aerosol optical property, refractive index, imaginary, 673nm(REFI_673)
• sky_error

• Aerosol optical thickness, angstrom coefficient, at 340-440 nm, from CSPHOT(Angstrom340_440)
• Water vapor, precipitable, column-integrated on isobaric grid, from RUC model(pwv)
• Aerosol optical thickness, at 1640 nm, from CSPHOT(aot_1640)
• Aerosol optical thickness, at 500 nm, from CPSHOT(aot_500)
• Aerosol optical thickness, at 670 nm, from CSPHOT(aot_670)
• zenith
• Aerosol optical thickness, angstrom coefficient, at 440-870 nm, from CSPHOT(Angstrom440_870)
• TripletVar_1640
• Aerosol optical thickness, angstrom coefficient, at 440-675 nm, polarized(Angstrom440_675_Polar)
• Aerosol optical thickness, at 380 nm, from CSPHOT(aot_380)
• WaterError
• TripletVar_440
• Aerosol optical thickness, angstrom coefficient, at 500-870 nm, from CSPHOT(Angstrom500_870)
• Aerosol optical thickness, at 340 nm, from CSPHOT(aot_340)
• TripletVar_340
• TripletVar_670
• TripletVar_870
• Aerosol optical thickness, angstrom coefficient, at 440-675 nm, from CSPHOT(Angstrom440_675)
• Aerosol optical thickness, angstrom coefficient, at 380-500 nm, from CSPHOT(Angstrom380_500)
• Aerosol optical thickness, at 870 nm, from CSPHOT(aot_870)
• Aerosol optical thickness, at 440 nm, from CSPHOT(aot_440)
• Aerosol optical thickness, at 1020 nm, from CSPHOT(aot_1020)
• TripletVar_380
• TripletVar_500
• TripletVar_1020

• Aerosol optical prop., phase functions, fine mode, at wvlngth and scat angle(pfn_f)
• Aerosol optical thickness, Angstrom coefficient from CSPHOT(alpha440_870)
• DATA_TYPE
• sun_error
• zenith
• tail_level
• sky_error
• tail2
• tail1
• Wavelength of spectrum data(wavelength)
• siz_index
• angle
• Aerosol optical thickness, from CSPHOT(tau440)
• alm_type

TWP/SMET/C2 - Induced wind speed when calm

The upper and lower wind sensors were not trending well at wind speed below 1 m/s.  Both 
sensors were showing values above 0m/s when calm.  The lightning protector was at fault 
resulting in an induced wind voltage during calm conditions.

Users should subtract any offset found (for example 0.19 m/s for upper wind speed) when 
the wind speeds are flat-lined.  The offset value was not consistent.

• lo_spd_arith_avg
• lo_spd_min
• lo_spd_vec_avg
• up_spd_min
• up_spd_arith_avg
• lo_spd_max
• up_spd_max
• up_spd_vec_avg

TWP/SMET/C2 - Tower Lowered for Maintenance

Data is suspect due to the tower being lowered.

• vappress_sd
• lo_spd_arith_avg
• relh_sd
• lo_spd_min
• up_dir_vec_avg
• lo_dir_vec_avg
• temp_sd
• lo_spd_vec_avg
• Vapor pressure mean(vappress_mean)
• up_spd_min
• up_dir_sd
• up_spd_max
• Mean Air Temperature or Hardware Error(temp_mean)
• up_spd_vec_avg
• lo_dir_sd
• Relative humidity mean(relh_mean)
• up_spd_arith_avg
• lo_spd_max
• up_spd_sd
• lo_spd_sd

TWP/SMET/C2 - Barometer failure

The atmos_pressure values were spiking high (up to 110 kPa) from 06:00 UTC on 02/04 until 
the data went missing at 10:44 UTC on 02/06 when the barometer failed completely.

Barometer replaced 2/23.

• Barometric Pressure(atmos_pressure)

TWP/CSPHOT/C2 - 340 nm filter degradation.

There was 340 nm filter degradation in the Nauru Cimel Sunphotometer starting 11/1/2009.  
The 340 AOD was in disagreement with other channels sporadically starting 11/1/2009 and 
consistently off from the other channels by March 2010.  Therefore 340 AOD channel should 
not be used until the unit is replaced.  

The 340 nm filter will be changed when the instrument is sent back for calibration.

• TripletVar_340
• Aerosol optical thickness, angstrom coefficient, at 340-440 nm, from CSPHOT(Angstrom340_440)
• Aerosol optical thickness, at 340 nm, from CSPHOT(aot_340)

• Aerosol optical thickness, angstrom coefficient, at 340-440 nm, from CSPHOT(Angstrom340_440)
• TripletVar_340
• Aerosol optical thickness, at 340 nm, from CSPHOT(aot_340)

• Aerosol optical thickness,340nm(AOT_340)

• Aerosol optical thickness, angstrom coefficient, at 340-440 nm, from CSPHOT(Angstrom340_440)
• TripletVar_340
• Aerosol optical thickness, at 340 nm, from CSPHOT(aot_340)

TWP/CSPHOT/C2 - Problem with sensor head

Data are suspect due to problems with instrument.  There was a broken strap for the sensor 
head. Also, data are only available later in the day, after hour 0 GMT for all days 
3/18/10 to 4/20/2010, possibly related to problems with the cables and/or sensor head.

• view_zenith
• zenith
• Wavelength of spectrum data(wavelength)
• Radiance, sky, principle planes, at view zenight angle, from CSPHOT(pp_rad)

• Aerosol optical thickness, from CSPHOT(tau440)
• DATA_TYPE
• bins
• Column volume size distribution (dV/dlnr)(size)
• siz_index
• alm_type
• tail_level
• num_of_angles
• zenith
• sun_error
• sky_error
• Aerosol optical thickness, Angstrom coefficient from CSPHOT(alpha440_870)
• tail1
• tail2

• Aerosol optical thickness, angstrom coefficient, at 440-675 nm, from CSPHOT(Angstrom440_675)
• Aerosol optical thickness, at 870 nm, from CSPHOT(aot_870)
• Aerosol optical thickness, at 1020 nm, from CSPHOT(aot_1020)
• TripletVar_870
• TripletVar_380
• Aerosol optical thickness, angstrom coefficient, at 380-500 nm, from CSPHOT(Angstrom380_500)
• Water vapor, precipitable, column-integrated on isobaric grid, from RUC model(pwv)
• Aerosol optical thickness, at 440 nm, from CSPHOT(aot_440)
• TripletVar_500
• Aerosol optical thickness, at 340 nm, from CSPHOT(aot_340)
• Aerosol optical thickness, angstrom coefficient, at 500-870 nm, from CSPHOT(Angstrom500_870)
• WaterError
• Aerosol optical thickness, angstrom coefficient, at 440-870 nm, from CSPHOT(Angstrom440_870)
• Aerosol optical thickness, at 670 nm, from CSPHOT(aot_670)
• Aerosol optical thickness, at 1640 nm, from CSPHOT(aot_1640)
• Aerosol optical thickness, at 380 nm, from CSPHOT(aot_380)
• TripletVar_1020
• Aerosol optical thickness, angstrom coefficient, at 440-675 nm, polarized(Angstrom440_675_Polar)
• TripletVar_670
• Aerosol optical thickness, at 500 nm, from CPSHOT(aot_500)
• zenith
• Aerosol optical thickness, angstrom coefficient, at 340-440 nm, from CSPHOT(Angstrom340_440)
• TripletVar_1640
• TripletVar_340
• TripletVar_440

• angle
• tail_level
• Aerosol optical prop., phase functions, coarse mode, at wvlngth and scat angle(pfn_c)
• alm_type
• sky_error
• num_of_angles
• Aerosol optical thickness, Angstrom coefficient from CSPHOT(alpha440_870)
• Wavelength of spectrum data(wavelength)
• zenith
• sun_error
• tail2
• tail1
• DATA_TYPE
• siz_index
• Aerosol optical thickness, from CSPHOT(tau440)

• tail1
• tail2
• DATA_TYPE
• Aerosol optical prop., phase functions, total mode, at wvlngth and scat angle(pfn_t)
• angle
• Aerosol optical thickness, Angstrom coefficient from CSPHOT(alpha440_870)
• Aerosol optical thickness, from CSPHOT(tau440)
• alm_type
• siz_index
• tail_level
• sun_error
• zenith
• sky_error
• num_of_angles
• Wavelength of spectrum data(wavelength)

• Radiance, diffuse, almucantar, at azimuth, from CPSHOT(alm_rad)
• zenith
• azimuth
• Wavelength of spectrum data(wavelength)

• WaterError
• Aerosol optical thickness, at 380 nm, from CSPHOT(aot_380)
• TripletVar_440
• Aerosol optical thickness, angstrom coefficient, at 380-500 nm, from CSPHOT(Angstrom380_500)
• Aerosol optical thickness, angstrom coefficient, at 500-870 nm, from CSPHOT(Angstrom500_870)
• TripletVar_340
• Aerosol optical thickness, at 340 nm, from CSPHOT(aot_340)
• Aerosol optical thickness, angstrom coefficient, at 440-675 nm, polarized(Angstrom440_675_Polar)
• Water vapor, precipitable, column-integrated on isobaric grid, from RUC model(pwv)
• Aerosol optical thickness, at 870 nm, from CSPHOT(aot_870)
• TripletVar_500
• Aerosol optical thickness, at 440 nm, from CSPHOT(aot_440)
• zenith
• TripletVar_380
• Aerosol optical thickness, at 1020 nm, from CSPHOT(aot_1020)
• TripletVar_1640
• Aerosol optical thickness, at 1640 nm, from CSPHOT(aot_1640)
• Aerosol optical thickness, at 500 nm, from CPSHOT(aot_500)
• Aerosol optical thickness, angstrom coefficient, at 440-675 nm, from CSPHOT(Angstrom440_675)
• TripletVar_1020
• Aerosol optical thickness, angstrom coefficient, at 340-440 nm, from CSPHOT(Angstrom340_440)
• TripletVar_670
• Aerosol optical thickness, at 670 nm, from CSPHOT(aot_670)
• TripletVar_870
• Aerosol optical thickness, angstrom coefficient, at 440-870 nm, from CSPHOT(Angstrom440_870)

• Particle size distribution, volume concentration, fine(VolCon_F)
• Particle size distribution, volume concentration, coarse(VolCon_C)
• zenith
• Particle size distribution, volume median radius, total(VolMedianRad_T)
• Aerosol optical property, asymmetry factor, scattering, 1022nm, fine(ASYM1022_F)
• Particle size distribution, volume concentration, total(VolCon_T)
• Aerosol optical property, asymmetry factor, scattering, 1022nm, total(ASYM1022_T)
• Aerosol optical thickness, 440nm(AOT_440)
• Aerosol optical thickness, Angstrom coefficient, 870-440nm, absorption(AngstromParam870_440_AOT_Absp)
• Aerosol optical property, asymmetry factor, scattering, 1022nm, coarse(ASYM1022_C)
• Aerosol optical property, asymmetry factor, scattering, 441nm, fine(ASYM441_F)
• alm_type
• Aerosol optical thickness,extinction,1022nm, total(AOTExt1022_T)
• Aerosol optical property, asymmetry factor, scattering, 441nm, coarse(ASYM441_C)
• Aerosol optical thickness,extinction,1022nm, fine(AOTExt1022_F)
• Aerosol optical thickness,extinction,1022nm, coarse(AOTExt1022_C)
• Aerosol optical property, asymmetry factor, scattering, 441nm, total(ASYM441_T)
• Aerosol optical property, asymmetry factor, scattering, 673nm, total(ASYM673_T)
• Aerosol optical thickness,extinction,873nm, coarse(AOTExt873_C)
• Aerosol optical thickness,extinction,873nm, fine(AOTExt873_F)
• Aerosol optical thickness,extinction,873nm, total(AOTExt873_T)
• Aerosol optical property, refractive index, imaginary, 441nm(REFI_441)
• Aerosol optical property, asymmetry factor, scattering, 673nm, coarse(ASYM673_C)
• Aerosol optical property, asymmetry factor, scattering, 673nm, fine(ASYM673_F)
• Aerosol optical thickness, Angstrom coefficient, 870-440nm,extinction(AngstromParam870_440_AOT_Ext)
• Aerosol optical property, single scattering albedo, 673nm, total(SSA673_T)
• Aerosol optical property, single scattering albedo, 673nm, fine(SSA673_F)
• Aerosol optical thickness, 670nm(AOT_670)
• Aerosol optical property, single scattering albedo, 673nm, coarse(SSA673_C)
• Aerosol optical thickness,absorption,441nm,total(AOTAbsp441_T)
• Aerosol optical property, refractive index, real, 1022nm(REFR_1022)
• Aerosol optical thickness,extinction,441nm, total(AOTExt441_T)
• Aerosol optical thickness,340nm(AOT_340)
• tail_level
• Aerosol optical thickness,extinction,441nm, coarse(AOTExt441_C)
• Aerosol optical thickness,absorption,441nm,coarse(AOTAbsp441_C)
• Aerosol optical thickness,extinction,441nm, fine(AOTExt441_F)
• DATA_TYPE
• Aerosol optical thickness,absorption,441nm,fine(AOTAbsp441_F)
• Aerosol optical thickness, 870nm(AOT_870)
• Aerosol optical thickness, 1020nm(AOT_1020)
• Particle size distribution, effective radius, total(EffRad_T)
• Particle size distribution, effective radius, coarse(EffRad_C)
• Particle size distribution, effective radius, fine(EffRad_F)
• Aerosol optical property, refractive index, imaginary 1022nm(REFI_1022)
• siz_index
• Aerosol optical thickness,extinction,673nm, total(AOTExt673_T)
• Aerosol optical thickness,extinction,673nm, coarse(AOTExt673_C)
• Aerosol optical thickness,extinction,673nm, fine(AOTExt673_F)
• StdDev_T
• Aerosol optical property, asymmetry factor, scattering, 873nm, coarse(ASYM873_C)
• StdDev_F
• StdDev_C
• Aerosol optical property, asymmetry factor, scattering, 873nm, total(ASYM873_T)
• Aerosol optical thickness, 380nm(AOT_380)
• Aerosol optical thickness, 500nm(AOT_500)
• Aerosol optical property, asymmetry factor, scattering, 873nm, fine(ASYM873_F)
• Aerosol optical thickness,absorption,1022nm,total(AOTAbsp1022_T)
• Aerosol optical property, single scattering albedo, 873nm, fine(SSA873_F)
• Aerosol optical property, refractive index, real, 673nm(REFR_673)
• Aerosol optical thickness, 1640nm(AOT_1640)
• Aerosol optical thickness,absorption,873nm,total(AOTAbsp873_T)
• Aerosol optical property, single scattering albedo, 873nm, coarse(SSA873_C)
• num_of_angles
• Aerosol optical thickness, from CSPHOT(tau440)
• Aerosol optical thickness,absorption,873nm,coarse(AOTAbsp873_C)
• Aerosol optical thickness,absorption,873nm,fine(AOTAbsp873_F)
• Aerosol optical property, single scattering albedo, 873nm, total(SSA873_T)
• sun_error
• Aerosol optical property, single scattering albedo, 441nm, coarse(SSA441_C)
• Aerosol optical property, single scattering albedo, 441nm, fine(SSA441_F)
• Aerosol optical thickness, Angstrom coefficient from CSPHOT(alpha440_870)
• Aerosol optical thickness,absorption,673nm,total(AOTAbsp673_T)
• Aerosol optical thickness,absorption,673nm,fine(AOTAbsp673_F)
• Aerosol optical property, single scattering albedo, 441nm, total(SSA441_T)
• Aerosol optical thickness,absorption,673nm,coarse(AOTAbsp673_C)
• Column volume size distribution (dV/dlnr)(size)
• Aerosol optical property, single scattering albedo, 1022nm, total(SSA1022_T)
• Aerosol optical property, refractive index, real, 873nm(REFR_873)
• tail1
• tail2
• Aerosol optical property, single scattering albedo, 1022nm,fine(SSA1022_F)
• Aerosol optical property, single scattering albedo, 1022nm, coarse(SSA1022_C)
• Aerosol optical thickness,absorption,1022nm,fine(AOTAbsp1022_F)
• Aerosol optical thickness,absorption,1022nm,coarse(AOTAbsp1022_C)
• Particle size distribution, volume median radius, coarse(VolMedianRad_C)
• Particle size distribution, volume median radius, fine(VolMedianRad_F)
• Water vapor, precipitable, column-integrated on isobaric grid, from RUC model(pwv)
• Aerosol optical property, refractive index, imaginary, 873nm(REFI_873)
• Aerosol optical property, refractive index, real, 441nm(REFR_441)
• Aerosol optical property, refractive index, imaginary, 673nm(REFI_673)
• sky_error

• Aerosol optical thickness, angstrom coefficient, at 340-440 nm, from CSPHOT(Angstrom340_440)
• Water vapor, precipitable, column-integrated on isobaric grid, from RUC model(pwv)
• Aerosol optical thickness, at 1640 nm, from CSPHOT(aot_1640)
• Aerosol optical thickness, at 500 nm, from CPSHOT(aot_500)
• Aerosol optical thickness, at 670 nm, from CSPHOT(aot_670)
• zenith
• Aerosol optical thickness, angstrom coefficient, at 440-870 nm, from CSPHOT(Angstrom440_870)
• TripletVar_1640
• Aerosol optical thickness, angstrom coefficient, at 440-675 nm, polarized(Angstrom440_675_Polar)
• Aerosol optical thickness, at 380 nm, from CSPHOT(aot_380)
• WaterError
• TripletVar_440
• Aerosol optical thickness, angstrom coefficient, at 500-870 nm, from CSPHOT(Angstrom500_870)
• Aerosol optical thickness, at 340 nm, from CSPHOT(aot_340)
• TripletVar_340
• TripletVar_670
• TripletVar_870
• Aerosol optical thickness, angstrom coefficient, at 440-675 nm, from CSPHOT(Angstrom440_675)
• Aerosol optical thickness, angstrom coefficient, at 380-500 nm, from CSPHOT(Angstrom380_500)
• Aerosol optical thickness, at 870 nm, from CSPHOT(aot_870)
• Aerosol optical thickness, at 440 nm, from CSPHOT(aot_440)
• Aerosol optical thickness, at 1020 nm, from CSPHOT(aot_1020)
• TripletVar_380
• TripletVar_500
• TripletVar_1020

• Aerosol optical prop., phase functions, fine mode, at wvlngth and scat angle(pfn_f)
• Aerosol optical thickness, Angstrom coefficient from CSPHOT(alpha440_870)
• DATA_TYPE
• sun_error
• zenith
• tail_level
• sky_error
• tail2
• tail1
• Wavelength of spectrum data(wavelength)
• siz_index
• angle
• Aerosol optical thickness, from CSPHOT(tau440)
• num_of_angles
• alm_type