TWP/GNDRAD/C1 - GNDRAD radiometer replacement

The GNDRAD radiometers were replaced 10/25/01 from 00:00 to 01:00.

• up_short_hemisp_std
• Upwelling Shortwave Hemispheric Irradiance, Unventilated Pyranometer, Maxima(up_short_hemisp_max)
• Radiation, longwave, at 10-m height, upwelling hemispheric irrad., 1-min avg(up_long_hemisp)
• Upwelling Longwave Hemispheric Irradiance, Unventilated Pyrgeometer, Minima(up_long_hemisp_min)
• Upwelling Longwave Hemispheric Irradiance, Unventilated Pyrgeometer, Maxima(up_long_hemisp_max)
• Radiation, shortwave, at 10-m height, upwelling hemispheric irrad., 1-min avg(up_short_hemisp)
• up_long_hemisp_std
• Upwelling Shortwave Hemispheric Irradiance, Unventilated Pyranometer, Minima(up_short_hemisp_min)

• Upwelling Longwave Hemispheric Irradiance, Unventilated Pyrgeometer, Minima(up_long_hemisp_min)
• Upwelling Shortwave Hemispheric Irradiance, Unventilated Pyranometer, Maxima(up_short_hemisp_max)
• Upwelling Longwave Hemispheric Irradiance, Unventilated Pyrgeometer, Maxima(up_long_hemisp_max)
• Radiation, longwave, at 10-m height, upwelling hemispheric irrad., 1-min avg(up_long_hemisp)
• Radiation, shortwave, at 10-m height, upwelling hemispheric irrad., 1-min avg(up_short_hemisp)
• Upwelling Shortwave Hemispheric Irradiance, Unventilated Pyranometer, Minima(up_short_hemisp_min)
• up_short_hemisp_std
• up_long_hemisp_std

TWP/C1 - Incorrect elevation reported in Manus Data

(From Bill Clements) We have been using 6m MSL as the station
elevation of Momote (Manus).  This was based on information
posted near the station barometer in the Momote Weather Service
Office.  It turns out that the official WMO station elevation
for Momote is 4m MSL and the upper air elevation is 5m MSL.

All Manus instruments except the sonde station are at 4m MSL.
The sonde launching station is at 5m MSL.

• alt

• alt

• alt

• alt

• alt

TWP/GNDRAD/C2 - Calibration Check; GNDRAD instruments inverted

During calibration check periods the gndrad instruments are inverted
to compare with the skyrad pir and psp.

• Upwelling Longwave Hemispheric Irradiance, Unventilated Pyrgeometer, Maxima(up_long_hemisp_max)
• pir1_max
• psp1_max
• psp1_sd
• Radiation, shortwave, at 10-m height, upwelling hemispheric irrad., 1-min avg(up_short_hemisp)
• up_long_hemisp_std
• psp1_min
• Upwelling Longwave Hemispheric Irradiance, Unventilated Pyrgeometer, Minima(up_long_hemisp_min)
• pir1_min
• Upwelling Shortwave Hemispheric Irradiance, Unventilated Pyranometer, Minima(up_short_hemisp_min)
• psp1_mean
• up_short_hemisp_std
• Upwelling Shortwave Hemispheric Irradiance, Unventilated Pyranometer, Maxima(up_short_hemisp_max)
• Radiation, longwave, at 10-m height, upwelling hemispheric irrad., 1-min avg(up_long_hemisp)
• pir1_mean
• pir1_sd

• up_long_hemisp_std
• pir1_mean
• Upwelling Shortwave Hemispheric Irradiance, Unventilated Pyranometer, Maxima(up_short_hemisp_max)
• psp1_sd
• psp1_min
• Radiation, shortwave, at 10-m height, upwelling hemispheric irrad., 1-min avg(up_short_hemisp)
• psp1_mean
• psp1_max
• Upwelling Longwave Hemispheric Irradiance, Unventilated Pyrgeometer, Maxima(up_long_hemisp_max)
• Upwelling Shortwave Hemispheric Irradiance, Unventilated Pyranometer, Minima(up_short_hemisp_min)
• pir1_sd
• pir1_min
• Radiation, longwave, at 10-m height, upwelling hemispheric irrad., 1-min avg(up_long_hemisp)
• pir1_max
• up_short_hemisp_std
• Upwelling Longwave Hemispheric Irradiance, Unventilated Pyrgeometer, Minima(up_long_hemisp_min)

• pir1_dome_therm
• pir1_voltage
• pir1_case_therm

TWP/GNDRAD/C1 - GNDRAD logger configured as SMET

the configuration for the SMET was inadvertently loaded into the GNDRAD at Manus at 
03/03/2003 17:00 GMT. This error was found and corrected on 03/13/2003 at 21:30 GMT.

• Effective Surface (Skin) Temperature(sfc_ir_temp)
• alt
• lat
• external_voltage
• filename
• psp1_max
• Upwelling Longwave Hemispheric Irradiance, Unventilated Pyrgeometer, Minima(up_long_hemisp_min)
• Upwelling Longwave Hemispheric Irradiance, Unventilated Pyrgeometer, Maxima(up_long_hemisp_max)
• Radiation, shortwave, at 10-m height, upwelling hemispheric irrad., 1-min avg(up_short_hemisp)
• pir1_mean
• net
• net_min
• sfc_ir_temp_std
• Surface Infra-Red Temperature Minima(sfc_ir_temp_min)
• Radiation, longwave, at 10-m height, upwelling hemispheric irrad., 1-min avg(up_long_hemisp)
• up_long_hemisp_std
• net_max
• pir1_max
• pir1_min
• psp1_sd
• irt1_max
• base_time
• up_short_hemisp_std
• irt1_min
• Upwelling Shortwave Hemispheric Irradiance, Unventilated Pyranometer, Maxima(up_short_hemisp_max)
• net_sd
• Surface Infra-Red Temperature Maxima(sfc_ir_temp_max)
• psp1_mean
• net_std
• irt1_mean
• irt1_sd
• pir1_sd
• net_mean
• logger_temp
• time_offset
• bit_data
• internal_voltage
• Upwelling Shortwave Hemispheric Irradiance, Unventilated Pyranometer, Minima(up_short_hemisp_min)
• lon
• psp1_min

• net_max
• lon
• irt1_max
• net_sd
• pir1_min
• psp1_mean
• alt
• net_mean
• time_offset
• net_std
• base_time
• Surface Infra-Red Temperature Maxima(sfc_ir_temp_max)
• irt1_min
• logger_temp
• net_min
• irt1_mean
• lat
• Upwelling Shortwave Hemispheric Irradiance, Unventilated Pyranometer, Minima(up_short_hemisp_min)
• up_short_hemisp_std
• sfc_ir_temp_std
• Surface Infra-Red Temperature Minima(sfc_ir_temp_min)
• net
• Effective Surface (Skin) Temperature(sfc_ir_temp)
• irt1_sd
• pir1_sd
• pir1_mean
• Upwelling Shortwave Hemispheric Irradiance, Unventilated Pyranometer, Maxima(up_short_hemisp_max)
• Upwelling Longwave Hemispheric Irradiance, Unventilated Pyrgeometer, Minima(up_long_hemisp_min)
• Upwelling Longwave Hemispheric Irradiance, Unventilated Pyrgeometer, Maxima(up_long_hemisp_max)
• Radiation, shortwave, at 10-m height, upwelling hemispheric irrad., 1-min avg(up_short_hemisp)
• pir1_max
• bit_data
• psp1_min
• up_long_hemisp_std
• external_voltage
• psp1_sd
• filename
• internal_voltage
• psp1_max
• Radiation, longwave, at 10-m height, upwelling hemispheric irrad., 1-min avg(up_long_hemisp)

• pir1_voltage
• inst_up_long_dome_resist
• pir1_dome_therm
• inst_up_long_case_resist
• lat
• time_offset
• alt
• base_time
• inst_up_long_hemisp_tp
• pir1_case_therm
• lon
• filename

• Raw data stream - documentation not supported

TWP/GNDRAD/C2 - IRT problem

The GNDRAD IRT exhibited a positive bias compared to the PIR from 2100 to 0700 UTC each 
day. The problem was corrected by removing the signal cable, cleaning the contacts, and 
reconnecting the cable.

• sfc_ir_temp_std
• Effective Surface (Skin) Temperature(sfc_ir_temp)
• Surface Infra-Red Temperature Minima(sfc_ir_temp_min)
• Surface Infra-Red Temperature Maxima(sfc_ir_temp_max)

TWP/GNDRAD/C1 -PIRdown and PSPdown Inverted for Comparison

PIRdown and PSPdown instruments inverted for comparison with calibrated instruments.

• up_short_hemisp_std
• psp1_max
• Upwelling Shortwave Hemispheric Irradiance, Unventilated Pyranometer, Maxima(up_short_hemisp_max)
• psp1_mean
• Upwelling Longwave Hemispheric Irradiance, Unventilated Pyrgeometer, Minima(up_long_hemisp_min)
• Radiation, longwave, at 10-m height, upwelling hemispheric irrad., 1-min avg(up_long_hemisp)
• Upwelling Longwave Hemispheric Irradiance, Unventilated Pyrgeometer, Maxima(up_long_hemisp_max)
• Radiation, shortwave, at 10-m height, upwelling hemispheric irrad., 1-min avg(up_short_hemisp)
• pir1_mean
• up_long_hemisp_std
• pir1_max
• pir1_min
• Upwelling Shortwave Hemispheric Irradiance, Unventilated Pyranometer, Minima(up_short_hemisp_min)
• pir1_sd
• psp1_sd
• psp1_min

• inst_up_long_hemisp_tp
• pir1_case_therm
• pir1_dome_therm
• inst_up_long_case_resist
• inst_up_long_dome_resist

• Raw data stream - documentation not supported

TWP/GNDRAD/C3 - IRT bias

The IRT behaved erratically, jumping frequently from reporting about 50 Wm^(-2) higher 
than the PIR for surface irradiance values to about 100Wm^(-2) lower than the PIR.  
Generally, the IRT measured lower surface temperatures than expected from the PIR.

• Effective Surface (Skin) Temperature(sfc_ir_temp)
• sfc_ir_temp_std
• Surface Infra-Red Temperature Maxima(sfc_ir_temp_max)
• Surface Infra-Red Temperature Minima(sfc_ir_temp_min)

TWP/GNDRAD/C1 - RESET 14 activities

RESET14 activities may have affected data in in subtle ways during this
period.

• Effective Surface (Skin) Temperature(sfc_ir_temp)
• up_short_hemisp_std
• Upwelling Shortwave Hemispheric Irradiance, Unventilated Pyranometer, Maxima(up_short_hemisp_max)
• Surface Infra-Red Temperature Maxima(sfc_ir_temp_max)
• net_std
• Upwelling Longwave Hemispheric Irradiance, Unventilated Pyrgeometer, Minima(up_long_hemisp_min)
• Upwelling Longwave Hemispheric Irradiance, Unventilated Pyrgeometer, Maxima(up_long_hemisp_max)
• Radiation, shortwave, at 10-m height, upwelling hemispheric irrad., 1-min avg(up_short_hemisp)
• net
• net_min
• sfc_ir_temp_std
• Surface Infra-Red Temperature Minima(sfc_ir_temp_min)
• Radiation, longwave, at 10-m height, upwelling hemispheric irrad., 1-min avg(up_long_hemisp)
• up_long_hemisp_std
• net_max
• Upwelling Shortwave Hemispheric Irradiance, Unventilated Pyranometer, Minima(up_short_hemisp_min)

• net_max
• Upwelling Shortwave Hemispheric Irradiance, Unventilated Pyranometer, Maxima(up_short_hemisp_max)
• Upwelling Longwave Hemispheric Irradiance, Unventilated Pyrgeometer, Minima(up_long_hemisp_min)
• Upwelling Longwave Hemispheric Irradiance, Unventilated Pyrgeometer, Maxima(up_long_hemisp_max)
• Radiation, shortwave, at 10-m height, upwelling hemispheric irrad., 1-min avg(up_short_hemisp)
• net_mean
• net_std
• up_long_hemisp_std
• Surface Infra-Red Temperature Maxima(sfc_ir_temp_max)
• net_min
• Radiation, longwave, at 10-m height, upwelling hemispheric irrad., 1-min avg(up_long_hemisp)
• Upwelling Shortwave Hemispheric Irradiance, Unventilated Pyranometer, Minima(up_short_hemisp_min)
• up_short_hemisp_std
• sfc_ir_temp_std
• Surface Infra-Red Temperature Minima(sfc_ir_temp_min)
• Effective Surface (Skin) Temperature(sfc_ir_temp)

• inst_up_long_dome_resist
• inst_up_long_hemisp_tp
• inst_up_long_case_resist

TWP/GNDRAD/C2 - incorrect IRT calibration

When the GNDRAD data logger was upgraded, the calibration offset for the IRT was initially 
incorrect.

• Effective Surface (Skin) Temperature(sfc_ir_temp)
• Surface Infra-Red Temperature Minima(sfc_ir_temp_min)
• Surface Infra-Red Temperature Maxima(sfc_ir_temp_max)

TWP/GNDRAD/C1 - GNDRAD inverted for radiometer comparison

The GNDRAD PIR and PSP were inverted during this period for comparison with replacement 
instruments.

• up_short_hemisp_std
• psp1_max
• Upwelling Shortwave Hemispheric Irradiance, Unventilated Pyranometer, Maxima(up_short_hemisp_max)
• psp1_mean
• Radiation, longwave, at 10-m height, upwelling hemispheric irrad., 1-min avg(up_long_hemisp)
• Upwelling Longwave Hemispheric Irradiance, Unventilated Pyrgeometer, Minima(up_long_hemisp_min)
• Upwelling Longwave Hemispheric Irradiance, Unventilated Pyrgeometer, Maxima(up_long_hemisp_max)
• Radiation, shortwave, at 10-m height, upwelling hemispheric irrad., 1-min avg(up_short_hemisp)
• pir1_mean
• up_long_hemisp_std
• pir1_max
• pir1_min
• Upwelling Shortwave Hemispheric Irradiance, Unventilated Pyranometer, Minima(up_short_hemisp_min)
• pir1_sd
• psp1_sd
• psp1_min

TWP/GNDRAD/C3 - IRT bias

The IRT measured higher surface temperatures than expected from the PIR, even at night.

• Effective Surface (Skin) Temperature(sfc_ir_temp)
• Surface Infra-Red Temperature Maxima(sfc_ir_temp_max)
• Surface Infra-Red Temperature Minima(sfc_ir_temp_min)

TWP/GNDRAD/C3 - Reprocess: IRT with wrong calibration

A spare IRT was installed that was not configured properly.

• Effective Surface (Skin) Temperature(sfc_ir_temp)
• Surface Infra-Red Temperature Maxima(sfc_ir_temp_max)
• Surface Infra-Red Temperature Minima(sfc_ir_temp_min)

TWP/GNDRAD/C2 - IRT connector

The IRT had a problem with the connector of either the signal or power cable which 
produced an output of 0 volts equivalent to a measurement of 223K. The problem was corrected 
when the connectors were cleaned and tightened.

• sfc_ir_temp_std
• Effective Surface (Skin) Temperature(sfc_ir_temp)
• Surface Infra-Red Temperature Minima(sfc_ir_temp_min)
• Surface Infra-Red Temperature Maxima(sfc_ir_temp_max)

TWP/GNDRAD/C2 - IRT power supply failed

The IRT output dropped to its minimum output of 223 K (0 volts).  It was determined the 24 
V DC converter had failed.  The converter was replaced on 16 August and the instrument 
began reporting normally again.  The IRT data are unusable during the five day period when 
the DC converter was faulty.

The GNDRAD (down-looking) IRT is used primarily for surface temperature.  The PIR can be 
used for this purpose by inverting the IR flux equation, Flux = sigma*temperature^4 where 
sigma = 5.67x10-8 W/m^2K^4.  But, unlike the IRT, the PIR measurement is strongly 
effected by the air temperature in addition to the surface temperature.  At night, when the air 
temperature approaches the surface temperature, the PIR provides a good estimate of the 
surface temperature.  During the day, however, the PIR tends to underestimate the ground 
temperature,  particularly on sunny days.  The magnitude of the underestimate can be 
estimated by evaluating periods when both instruments are operating but is typically on the 
order of 5-10C.

• irt1_mean
• irt1_sd
• irt1_min
• irt1_max

• Raw data stream - documentation not supported

TWP/GNDRAD/C3 - Tower inverted for instrument testing and replacement

The tower at Darwin was brought down to test and replace the Gndrad PIR on 8/5/2005 and 
the PSP on 8/9/2005

• Effective Surface (Skin) Temperature(sfc_ir_temp)
• sfc_ir_temp_std
• up_long_hemisp_std
• Surface Infra-Red Temperature Maxima(sfc_ir_temp_max)
• Upwelling Longwave Hemispheric Irradiance, Unventilated Pyrgeometer, Maxima(up_long_hemisp_max)
• up_short_hemisp_std
• Upwelling Shortwave Hemispheric Irradiance, Unventilated Pyranometer, Maxima(up_short_hemisp_max)
• Upwelling Shortwave Hemispheric Irradiance, Unventilated Pyranometer, Minima(up_short_hemisp_min)
• Upwelling Longwave Hemispheric Irradiance, Unventilated Pyrgeometer, Minima(up_long_hemisp_min)
• Radiation, shortwave, at 10-m height, upwelling hemispheric irrad., 1-min avg(up_short_hemisp)
• Surface Infra-Red Temperature Minima(sfc_ir_temp_min)
• Radiation, longwave, at 10-m height, upwelling hemispheric irrad., 1-min avg(up_long_hemisp)

TWP/GNDRAD/C2 - Gndrad inverted for radiometer

Gndrad instruments PIR and PSP inverted for replacement instrument
installation and comparison

• psp1_min
• sfc_ir_temp_std
• Upwelling Longwave Hemispheric Irradiance, Unventilated Pyrgeometer, Maxima(up_long_hemisp_max)
• Upwelling Longwave Hemispheric Irradiance, Unventilated Pyrgeometer, Minima(up_long_hemisp_min)
• pir1_min
• pir1_max
• Upwelling Shortwave Hemispheric Irradiance, Unventilated Pyranometer, Minima(up_short_hemisp_min)
• psp1_mean
• Surface Infra-Red Temperature Minima(sfc_ir_temp_min)
• Surface Infra-Red Temperature Maxima(sfc_ir_temp_max)
• psp1_max
• up_short_hemisp_std
• Radiation, shortwave, at 10-m height, upwelling hemispheric irrad., 1-min avg(up_short_hemisp)
• psp1_sd
• Upwelling Shortwave Hemispheric Irradiance, Unventilated Pyranometer, Maxima(up_short_hemisp_max)
• Effective Surface (Skin) Temperature(sfc_ir_temp)
• up_long_hemisp_std
• Radiation, longwave, at 10-m height, upwelling hemispheric irrad., 1-min avg(up_long_hemisp)
• pir1_mean
• pir1_sd

TWP/GNDRAD/C1 - Gndrad inverted for comparison of radiometers

Radiometers GNDRAD PIR and PSP inverted for radiometer comparison

• Effective Surface (Skin) Temperature(sfc_ir_temp)
• up_short_hemisp_std
• psp1_max
• net_sd
• Upwelling Shortwave Hemispheric Irradiance, Unventilated Pyranometer, Maxima(up_short_hemisp_max)
• psp1_mean
• Surface Infra-Red Temperature Maxima(sfc_ir_temp_max)
• net_std
• Upwelling Longwave Hemispheric Irradiance, Unventilated Pyrgeometer, Minima(up_long_hemisp_min)
• Upwelling Longwave Hemispheric Irradiance, Unventilated Pyrgeometer, Maxima(up_long_hemisp_max)
• Radiation, shortwave, at 10-m height, upwelling hemispheric irrad., 1-min avg(up_short_hemisp)
• pir1_mean
• net
• net_min
• pir1_sd
• net_mean
• sfc_ir_temp_std
• Surface Infra-Red Temperature Minima(sfc_ir_temp_min)
• Radiation, longwave, at 10-m height, upwelling hemispheric irrad., 1-min avg(up_long_hemisp)
• net_max
• up_long_hemisp_std
• pir1_max
• pir1_min
• Upwelling Shortwave Hemispheric Irradiance, Unventilated Pyranometer, Minima(up_short_hemisp_min)
• psp1_sd
• psp1_min

TWP/GNDRAD/C3 - IRT malfunction

The internal IRT power supply failed (probably due to a lightning strike on 11/14) and was 
drawing excessive current on the data logger's DC system. The problem was corrected by 
replacing the instrument with a spare.

• Effective Surface (Skin) Temperature(sfc_ir_temp)
• sfc_ir_temp_std
• Surface Infra-Red Temperature Maxima(sfc_ir_temp_max)
• Surface Infra-Red Temperature Minima(sfc_ir_temp_min)

TWP/GNDRAD/C3 - IRT power

The IRT failed to report after a planned power outage to add lightning protection modules 
to the AC power wiring. The problem was corrected when a loose power connection to the 
logger was found, rectified, and power restored to the logger.

• Effective Surface (Skin) Temperature(sfc_ir_temp)
• sfc_ir_temp_std
• Surface Infra-Red Temperature Maxima(sfc_ir_temp_max)
• Surface Infra-Red Temperature Minima(sfc_ir_temp_min)

TWP/GNDRAD/C3 - IRT failed

The IRT began to fail on 4/7/2006 and failed completely (apparently due to the internal 
power supply) on 4/27. It was replaced on 5/18.

• Effective Surface (Skin) Temperature(sfc_ir_temp)
• sfc_ir_temp_std
• Surface Infra-Red Temperature Maxima(sfc_ir_temp_max)
• Surface Infra-Red Temperature Minima(sfc_ir_temp_min)

TWP/GNDRAD/C1 - Reprocess: Longwave Calibration error

Modified pyrgeometer calibration procedures were implemented beginning in December 2003.  
These modified procedures introduced a calibration bias in the longwave data.  The 
previous procedures were re-implemented at all sites between December 2005 and February 2006 to 
restore proper calibrations.                                                             
                The data collected while the incorrect procedures were in place are 
being reprocessing to remove the calibration bias.  Note, this also affected standard 
deviation, maximum and minimum data fields.

• Radiation, longwave, at 10-m height, upwelling hemispheric irrad., 1-min avg(up_long_hemisp)

TWP/GNDRAD/C2 - Reprocess: Longwave Calibration error

Modified pyrgeometer calibration procedures were implemented beginning in December 2003.  
These modified procedures introduced a calibration bias in the longwave data.  The 
previous procedures were re-implemented at all sites between December 2005 and February 2006 to 
restore proper calibrations.                                                             
                The data collected while the incorrect procedures were in place are 
being reprocessing to remove the calibration bias.  Note, this also affected standard 
deviation, maximum and minimum data fields.

• Radiation, longwave, at 10-m height, upwelling hemispheric irrad., 1-min avg(up_long_hemisp)

TWP/GNDRAD/C3 - Reprocess: Longwave Calibration error

Modified pyrgeometer calibration procedures were implemented beginning in December 2003.  
These modified procedures introduced a calibration bias in the longwave data.  The 
previous procedures were re-implemented at all sites between December 2005 and February 2006 to 
restore proper calibrations.                                                             
                The data collected while the incorrect procedures were in place are 
being reprocessing to remove the calibration bias.  Note, this also affected standard 
deviation, maximum and minimum data fields.

• Radiation, longwave, at 10-m height, upwelling hemispheric irrad., 1-min avg(up_long_hemisp)

TWP/GNDRAD/C3 - IRT bias

The IRT reported higher surface temperatures than the PIR due to corrosion on the 
terminals of the lightning protection module and a ground wire error. The corrosion was cleaned 
and the wiring corrected.

• Effective Surface (Skin) Temperature(sfc_ir_temp)
• sfc_ir_temp_std
• Surface Infra-Red Temperature Maxima(sfc_ir_temp_max)
• Surface Infra-Red Temperature Minima(sfc_ir_temp_min)

TWP/GNDRAD/C2 - IRT signal

When the other GNDRAD radiometers were replaced on 12/3/2006, the quality of the IRT 
signal began to degrade until 12/26 when it became unusable. The instrument was replaced on 
2/4/2007.

• sfc_ir_temp_std
• Effective Surface (Skin) Temperature(sfc_ir_temp)
• Surface Infra-Red Temperature Minima(sfc_ir_temp_min)
• Surface Infra-Red Temperature Maxima(sfc_ir_temp_max)

TWP/GNDRAD/C2 - Reprocess: IRT calibration

The configuration of the IRT was set to that used at TWP/C3. This caused the calibration 
of the data to be wrong. It was corrected by reconfiguring the IRT to match the datalogger 
program.
   
These data can be reprocessed and corrected by adding 10K, i.e. sfc_ir_temp(new) = 
sfc_ir_temp(old) + 10K.

• Effective Surface (Skin) Temperature(sfc_ir_temp)
• Surface Infra-Red Temperature Minima(sfc_ir_temp_min)
• Surface Infra-Red Temperature Maxima(sfc_ir_temp_max)

TWP/GNDRAD/C3 - Maintenance activities affected GNDRAD

While maintenance was performed on the SMET anenometer, the GNDRAD instruments were 
inverted. Disregard GNDRAD data during this time.

• inst_up_long_dome_resist
• inst_sfc_ir_signal
• inst_up_short_hemisp
• lat
• lon
• base_time
• time
• alt
• inst_up_long_hemisp_tp
• inst_up_long_case_resist
• time_offset

• net_min
• net_std
• up_long_hemisp_std
• time_offset
• external_voltage
• lat
• Radiation, longwave, at 10-m height, upwelling hemispheric irrad., 1-min avg(up_long_hemisp)
• lon
• Effective Surface (Skin) Temperature(sfc_ir_temp)
• logger_temp
• base_time
• net
• sfc_ir_temp_std
• net_max
• alt
• Surface Infra-Red Temperature Maxima(sfc_ir_temp_max)
• Upwelling Longwave Hemispheric Irradiance, Unventilated Pyrgeometer, Maxima(up_long_hemisp_max)
• up_short_hemisp_std
• Upwelling Shortwave Hemispheric Irradiance, Unventilated Pyranometer, Maxima(up_short_hemisp_max)
• bit_data
• Upwelling Shortwave Hemispheric Irradiance, Unventilated Pyranometer, Minima(up_short_hemisp_min)
• Upwelling Longwave Hemispheric Irradiance, Unventilated Pyrgeometer, Minima(up_long_hemisp_min)
• internal_voltage
• Surface Infra-Red Temperature Minima(sfc_ir_temp_min)
• Radiation, shortwave, at 10-m height, upwelling hemispheric irrad., 1-min avg(up_short_hemisp)

TWP/GNDRAD/C2 - Reprocessed: Incorrect calibration

The Gndrad PSP was changed out 11/25 but the datalogger program was not updated until 
11/30.

PSP #31293 installed 20071125.2202.  Correct calibration coefficient = 123.46.

Reprocessed to correct upwelling shortwave hemispheric irradiance (US) by:
US(new) = (US(old) / 123.56 ) * 123.46

Reprocessing completed March 2008.

• up_short_hemisp_std
• Radiation, shortwave, at 10-m height, upwelling hemispheric irrad., 1-min avg(up_short_hemisp)
• Upwelling Shortwave Hemispheric Irradiance, Unventilated Pyranometer, Minima(up_short_hemisp_min)
• Upwelling Shortwave Hemispheric Irradiance, Unventilated Pyranometer, Maxima(up_short_hemisp_max)

• inst_up_short_hemisp

TWP/GNDRAD/C3 - Gndrad shutdown for tropical cylone

On Jan 3rd approximately 1000GMT the effects of a tropical cyclone started affecting the 
installed radiometer measurements at ARM/TWP/C3(Darwin) - both Skyrad and Gndrad.  On Jan 
4th 0740 GMT the Gndrad station was shutdown to avoid damage due to the close passing of 
this storm.  Station was restarted Jan 7th 0515GMT.

• time_offset
• alt
• lat
• inst_up_long_case_resist
• inst_up_long_hemisp_tp
• lon
• base_time
• inst_up_long_dome_resist

• inst_sfc_ir_signal
• inst_up_short_hemisp
• lat
• lon
• base_time
• time
• alt
• inst_up_long_hemisp_tp
• time_offset

• up_long_hemisp_std
• time_offset
• lat
• Radiation, longwave, at 10-m height, upwelling hemispheric irrad., 1-min avg(up_long_hemisp)
• lon
• Effective Surface (Skin) Temperature(sfc_ir_temp)
• logger_temp
• base_time
• sfc_ir_temp_std
• alt
• Surface Infra-Red Temperature Maxima(sfc_ir_temp_max)
• Upwelling Longwave Hemispheric Irradiance, Unventilated Pyrgeometer, Maxima(up_long_hemisp_max)
• up_short_hemisp_std
• Upwelling Shortwave Hemispheric Irradiance, Unventilated Pyranometer, Maxima(up_short_hemisp_max)
• Upwelling Shortwave Hemispheric Irradiance, Unventilated Pyranometer, Minima(up_short_hemisp_min)
• Upwelling Longwave Hemispheric Irradiance, Unventilated Pyrgeometer, Minima(up_long_hemisp_min)
• Surface Infra-Red Temperature Minima(sfc_ir_temp_min)
• Radiation, shortwave, at 10-m height, upwelling hemispheric irrad., 1-min avg(up_short_hemisp)

• Raw data stream - documentation not supported

TWP/GNDRAD/C1 - IRT power connector

The power connector of the IRT broke due to corrosion. The instrument was replaced.

• Effective Surface (Skin) Temperature(sfc_ir_temp)
• sfc_ir_temp_std
• Surface Infra-Red Temperature Minima(sfc_ir_temp_min)
• Surface Infra-Red Temperature Maxima(sfc_ir_temp_max)

TWP/GNDRAD/C2 - IRT missing

The 24 VDC power supply for the IRT failed.  IRT data are missing and unrecoverable.

• sfc_ir_temp_std
• Effective Surface (Skin) Temperature(sfc_ir_temp)
• Surface Infra-Red Temperature Minima(sfc_ir_temp_min)
• Surface Infra-Red Temperature Maxima(sfc_ir_temp_max)

TWP/GNDRAD/C2 - IRT power failure

The DC-DC power converter failed and was replaced.

• sfc_ir_temp_std
• Effective Surface (Skin) Temperature(sfc_ir_temp)
• Surface Infra-Red Temperature Minima(sfc_ir_temp_min)
• Surface Infra-Red Temperature Maxima(sfc_ir_temp_max)

• inst_sfc_ir_signal