NSA/MWRP/C1 - Missing data

Data are missing and unrecoverable.

• Pressure, level of free convection(levelFreeConvectionPres)
• Temperature, virtual, vert. prof. sfc-10km, fr. wtr. vap. dens. and temp. prof.(virtualTemperature)
• Pressure, lifting condensation level(liftingCondensationLevelPres)
• Pressure, equilibrium level(equilibriumLevelPres)
• dataQualityFlags
• totalPrecipitableWater2RmsError
• Density, water vapor, at instrument height (1 or 2 m)(surfaceWaterVaporDensity)
• Humidity, relative, prof. from sfc.-10km, from water vap. dens. and temp. prof.(relativeHumidity)
• wetWindowFlag
• Liquid water content, cloud, vert. prof. sfc.-10km, from Tbright stat. retrvl.(liquidWaterContent)
• Liquid water path, from Tbright at 23.835 and 30.0 GHz only, using stat. retrvl.(liquidWaterPath2)
• Height, equilibrium level(equilibriumLevel)
• infraredTemperature
• Energy, potential, convective, available, from RUC model(cape)
• time
• time_offset
• liquidWaterPathRmsError
• waterVaporDensityRmsError
• Barometric pressure(pressure)
• blackbodyTemperature
• Microwave brightness temperature(brightnessTemperature)
• Liquid water path, from brightness temperatures using statistical retrieval(liquidWaterPath)
• Retrieved water vapor mixing ratio(waterVaporMixingRatio)
• alt
• Pressure, barometric. at instrument height (1 or 2 m)(surfacePressure)
• Height, lifting condensation level(liftingCondensationLevel)
• Pressure, associated geometric height, at altitude, NGM model output(height)
• Height, level of free convection(levelFreeConvection)
• elevation
• liquidWaterContentRmsError
• liquidWaterPath2RmsError
• Humidity, relative, at instrument height (1 or 2 m)(surfaceRelativeHumidity)
• Retrieved dewpoint temperature(dewpointTemperature)
• Temperature, air, at instrument height (1 or 2 m)(surfaceTemperature)
• Water vapor, total precipitable, derived from Tbright using stat. retrvl.(totalPrecipitableWater)
• temperatureRmsError
• frequency
• Air temperature(temperature)
• base_time
• Density, water vapor, prof. from sfc.-10 km, der. from Tbright stat. retrvl.(waterVaporDensity)
• totalPrecipitableWaterRmsError
• lon
• Height, cloud base, height where IR temp. matches retrieved temp. profile(cloudBaseHeight)
• lat
• Water vapor, tot. precipitable, from Tbright, 23.835 & 30.0 GHz, stat. retrvl.(totalPrecipitableWater2)
• azimuth

NSA/SONDE/C1 - Increased precision for alt, dp, pres, rh, tdry

The output precision of the following variables was increased 20060929:

   alt	changed from 1m to 0.1m
   dp	changed from 0.1degC to 0.01degC
   pres changed from 0.1 hPa to 0.01 hPa
   RH	changed from 1%RH to 0.01%RH
   tdry changed from .1degC to 0.01degC

Note that the increase in precision does not necessarily imply an increase
in accuracy.  Users are cautioned to continue to use their best scientific
judgement when using these or any other data.

• alt
• Dry Bulb Temperature(tdry)
• Dewpoint Temperature(dp)
• Pressure, atmospheric, constant value of model level, RUC model output(pres)
• Humidity, relative(rh)

NSA/MPL/C1 - Detector Failure

Beginning 12/25, the signal return displayed serious aliasing, reflection, or ringing of 
the detector, with a highly repetitive pattern repeating six or more times within the 
lowest 15 km.  On 01/02, the detector became very difficult to put into any type of operating 
condition. When it did operate, the "aliased" signal pattern was still present.

The detector was replaced.

• background_signal_std
• laser_temp
• energy_monitor
• signal_return
• background_signal

NSA/MPL/C1 - Missing data

System was down for detector replacement.

• base_time
• time
• laser_temp
• range_offset
• lon
• signal_return
• dead_time_corrected
• Pressure, associated geometric height, at altitude, NGM model output(height)
• range
• lat
• shots_per_avg
• scope_temp
• polarization_control_voltage
• Preliminary cloud base height above ground level(preliminary_cbh)
• alt
• max_altitude
• time_offset
• background_signal_std
• range_bin_width
• num_bins
• detector_temp
• pulse_rep
• range_bin_time
• polarization_control
• range_bins
• energy_monitor
• background_signal
• num_channels

NSA/MWRP/C1 - Incorrect surface measurements

Surface measurements are spiking and not comparing well with the co-located METTWR 
measurements.

On 2/13 site operators cleaned a filter in the heater housing resolving the problem.

• Density, water vapor, at instrument height (1 or 2 m)(surfaceWaterVaporDensity)
• Pressure, barometric. at instrument height (1 or 2 m)(surfacePressure)
• Humidity, relative, at instrument height (1 or 2 m)(surfaceRelativeHumidity)
• Temperature, air, at instrument height (1 or 2 m)(surfaceTemperature)

NSA/SONDE/C1 - Temperature sensor broke at launch

The temperature sensor on this sonde broke at launch.  As a result all the thermodynamic 
data are incorrect.  The wind data are OK, though there will be some uncertainty in the 
altitude values.  This sounding was done at a non-standard time and it isn't clear whether 
it was delayed for some reason or a RHUBC sounding.  In either case, there is no fix.

• alt
• Dry Bulb Temperature(tdry)
• Dewpoint Temperature(dp)
• Humidity, relative(rh)
• asc

NSA/MWRP/C1 - Incorrect surface measurements

The MWRP surface temperature and pressure readings were in disagreement with those from 
other instruments. The possible cause of the disagreement was ice buildup around the 
sensors.  Readings returned to normal March 29.

The temperature readings were more affected. Since the readings are erratic, with large 
oscillations, it is not possible to correct them. Disregard the surface temperature and 
humidity readings during this time. The wrong readings will affect the first layer of the 
temperature and humidity profiles as well.

• Density, water vapor, at instrument height (1 or 2 m)(surfaceWaterVaporDensity)
• Pressure, barometric. at instrument height (1 or 2 m)(surfacePressure)
• Humidity, relative, at instrument height (1 or 2 m)(surfaceRelativeHumidity)
• Temperature, air, at instrument height (1 or 2 m)(surfaceTemperature)

NSA/MPL/C1 - No cross polarized data

The cross polarizor was not functioning so there is no cross polarized data.  All data 
during the specified period is circularly polarized.

• signal_return

NSA/TSI/C1 - camera lens covered

The shadowband was not properly masking the sun so the camera lens was covered on 4/13 to 
prevent damage to the CCD. On 4/20, the mirror was blown off by a snow storm and the 
instrument was brought inside for repair. The mirror was replaced, the lens uncovered, and 
the instrument reinstalled.

• region.zenith.count.opaque
• count.sub.proczen
• count.sub.horz
• count.opaque
• Cloud amount, thin (percent)(percent.thin)
• count.thin
• region.horizon.count.opaque
• region.sun.count
• region.horizon.count.thin
• count.unknown
• region.horizon.count
• region.sun.count.thin
• region.zenith.count
• region.zenith.count.thin
• Sunshine Meter(sunny)
• sun.strength
• region.sun.count.opaque
• count.box
• count.sky
• count.mask
• Cloud amount, opaque (percent)(percent.opaque)

• Cloud decision images, Total Sky Imager, PNG format(png)

• JPEG data stream - documentation not yet available

NSA/TSI/C1 - shadowband misaligned

At several times during this period the shadowband did not mask the sun because the mirror 
was not properly secured. Attempts were made to align the mirror on 4/2, 4/3, and 4/10.

• region.zenith.count.opaque
• count.sub.horz
• count.sub.proczen
• count.opaque
• Cloud amount, thin (percent)(percent.thin)
• count.thin
• region.horizon.count.opaque
• region.sun.count
• region.horizon.count.thin
• count.unknown
• region.horizon.count
• region.sun.count.thin
• region.zenith.count
• region.zenith.count.thin
• sun.strength
• region.sun.count.opaque
• count.box
• count.sky
• count.mask
• Cloud amount, opaque (percent)(percent.opaque)

• Cloud decision images, Total Sky Imager, PNG format(png)

• JPEG data stream - documentation not yet available

NSA/MWRP/C1 - Reprocessed: 6-channel retrieval replaced by 5-channel retrieval

Due to repeated failure of the V-band receiver and calibration problems, the 6-channel 
retrieval was retired and a new 5-channel retrieval which uses only the K-band channels was 
implemented.

All data previously processed with the 6-channel retrieval have been reprocessed.

Please note that the 7 channels (brightness temperatures) in the V-band range (51 to 60 
GHz) should not be used.  See D080331.1 and D080331.2.

• Microwave brightness temperature(brightnessTemperature)
• Liquid water path, from brightness temperatures using statistical retrieval(liquidWaterPath)
• Liquid water path, from Tbright at 23.835 and 30.0 GHz only, using stat. retrvl.(liquidWaterPath2)

NSA/MPL/C1 - Bad Cross-Polarized data

The polarizer box was not recycled when the system was rebooted; thus only circularly 
polarized light was being emitted.  Ignore all cross polarized data.

• Attenuated backscatter, cross pol(signal_return_cross_pol)
• background_signal_cross_pol
• aqc_signal_return_cross_pol
• Preliminary cloud base height above ground level, cross-pol(preliminary_cbh_cross_pol)
• background_signal_std_cross_pol
• polarization_control_voltage_cross_pol

• polarization_control_voltage
• signal_return

• Attenuated backscatter, cross pol(signal_return_cross_pol)
• polarization_control_voltage_cross_pol
• aqc_signal_return_cross_pol
• background_signal_std_cross_pol
• background_signal_cross_pol
• Preliminary cloud base height above ground level, cross-pol(preliminary_cbh_cross_pol)

NSA/MWRP/C1 - Radiometer thermally unstable

Between Dec 21 and Dec 23 the external temperature dropped to - 38 C. This caused a 
problem with the stability of the noise diode mount temperature and consequent problem with 
calibration.

• Water vapor, total precipitable, derived from Tbright using stat. retrvl.(totalPrecipitableWater)
• Temperature, virtual, vert. prof. sfc-10km, fr. wtr. vap. dens. and temp. prof.(virtualTemperature)
• Air temperature(temperature)
• Density, water vapor, prof. from sfc.-10 km, der. from Tbright stat. retrvl.(waterVaporDensity)
• Humidity, relative, prof. from sfc.-10km, from water vap. dens. and temp. prof.(relativeHumidity)
• Liquid water content, cloud, vert. prof. sfc.-10km, from Tbright stat. retrvl.(liquidWaterContent)
• Microwave brightness temperature(brightnessTemperature)
• Liquid water path, from brightness temperatures using statistical retrieval(liquidWaterPath)
• Retrieved water vapor mixing ratio(waterVaporMixingRatio)
• Liquid water path, from Tbright at 23.835 and 30.0 GHz only, using stat. retrvl.(liquidWaterPath2)
• Water vapor, tot. precipitable, from Tbright, 23.835 & 30.0 GHz, stat. retrvl.(totalPrecipitableWater2)
• Retrieved dewpoint temperature(dewpointTemperature)

NSA/MWRP/C1 - Radiometer thermally unstable

During January the radiometer was thermally unstable during several days of cold weather. 
The worst days of thermal instability were between Jan 12 and Jan 17.

• Water vapor, total precipitable, derived from Tbright using stat. retrvl.(totalPrecipitableWater)
• Temperature, virtual, vert. prof. sfc-10km, fr. wtr. vap. dens. and temp. prof.(virtualTemperature)
• Air temperature(temperature)
• Density, water vapor, prof. from sfc.-10 km, der. from Tbright stat. retrvl.(waterVaporDensity)
• Liquid water content, cloud, vert. prof. sfc.-10km, from Tbright stat. retrvl.(liquidWaterContent)
• Microwave brightness temperature(brightnessTemperature)
• Liquid water path, from brightness temperatures using statistical retrieval(liquidWaterPath)
• Retrieved water vapor mixing ratio(waterVaporMixingRatio)
• Liquid water path, from Tbright at 23.835 and 30.0 GHz only, using stat. retrvl.(liquidWaterPath2)
• Water vapor, tot. precipitable, from Tbright, 23.835 & 30.0 GHz, stat. retrvl.(totalPrecipitableWater2)

NSA/MPL/C1/C2 - No cross polarization data

Even though the polarization voltage was reported as switching between circular and cross 
polarization states, there was no cross polarization taking place because the 
polarization box had not been recycled following a system reboot.

You will not be able to create depolarization values.  However all other processes, such 
as cloud base determination should be ok.

• Attenuated backscatter, cross pol(signal_return_cross_pol)
• background_signal_cross_pol
• aqc_signal_return_cross_pol
• Preliminary cloud base height above ground level, cross-pol(preliminary_cbh_cross_pol)
• background_signal_std_cross_pol
• polarization_control_voltage_cross_pol

• polarization_control_voltage
• signal_return

• Attenuated backscatter, cross pol(signal_return_cross_pol)
• polarization_control_voltage_cross_pol
• aqc_signal_return_cross_pol
• nsamples_cross_pol_average
• background_signal_std_cross_pol
• background_signal_cross_pol
• Preliminary cloud base height above ground level, cross-pol(preliminary_cbh_cross_pol)

NSA/MWRP/C1 - Hardware failure- Intermittent data

Data are intermittent during this time due to a failure of the analog board.
The calibration of V-band data may have slightly drifted due to power outages.

• Temperature, virtual, vert. prof. sfc-10km, fr. wtr. vap. dens. and temp. prof.(virtualTemperature)
• Air temperature(temperature)
• Humidity, relative, prof. from sfc.-10km, from water vap. dens. and temp. prof.(relativeHumidity)
• Microwave brightness temperature(brightnessTemperature)
• Retrieved dewpoint temperature(dewpointTemperature)

NSA/MWRP/C1 - Thermal instability- TKnd test

During this time the radiometer was thermally unstable . The noise diode physical 
temperature had sudden drops of more than 5 degree in several ccasions between 2/1 and 2/11. On 
2/12 the radiometer temperature set point was lowered of about 10 degree as a test. On 
2/27 a new analog board was installed in the instrument. Data after 2/27 show a slight 
change in calibration.

• Water vapor, total precipitable, derived from Tbright using stat. retrvl.(totalPrecipitableWater)
• waterVaporDensityRmsError
• Temperature, virtual, vert. prof. sfc-10km, fr. wtr. vap. dens. and temp. prof.(virtualTemperature)
• Air temperature(temperature)
• Density, water vapor, prof. from sfc.-10 km, der. from Tbright stat. retrvl.(waterVaporDensity)
• Humidity, relative, prof. from sfc.-10km, from water vap. dens. and temp. prof.(relativeHumidity)
• Liquid water content, cloud, vert. prof. sfc.-10km, from Tbright stat. retrvl.(liquidWaterContent)
• Microwave brightness temperature(brightnessTemperature)
• Liquid water path, from brightness temperatures using statistical retrieval(liquidWaterPath)
• Retrieved water vapor mixing ratio(waterVaporMixingRatio)
• Liquid water path, from Tbright at 23.835 and 30.0 GHz only, using stat. retrvl.(liquidWaterPath2)
• Water vapor, tot. precipitable, from Tbright, 23.835 & 30.0 GHz, stat. retrvl.(totalPrecipitableWater2)

NSA/MWRP/C1 - V-band Noise diode unstable

Sometimes between Jan and March 2007 the V-band noise diode started to be unstable. V-band 
channels during this period show large discrepancies with model computations. The 
problem was evident during the month of January. During February and March the problem was less 
visible, however measurement model comparisons show an increased bias. The instrument 
was calibrated with LN2 on March 15 and the calibration results showed a large drift in the 
calibration parameters.  The hardware failure will have consequences in the retrievals 
of temperature and relative humidity profiles. 

It is difficult to establish when the failure started. Disregard the V-band channels 
during this period. Vertical profiles of temperature and humidity are affected as well. Please 
note that this DQR only covers the 7 channels (brightness temperatures) in the V-band 
range (51 to 60 GHz). The 5 K-band channels (20-31 GHz) are not affected.

• Temperature, virtual, vert. prof. sfc-10km, fr. wtr. vap. dens. and temp. prof.(virtualTemperature)
• Density, water vapor, prof. from sfc.-10 km, der. from Tbright stat. retrvl.(waterVaporDensity)
• Humidity, relative, prof. from sfc.-10km, from water vap. dens. and temp. prof.(relativeHumidity)
• Microwave brightness temperature(brightnessTemperature)
• Retrieved water vapor mixing ratio(waterVaporMixingRatio)
• Retrieved dewpoint temperature(dewpointTemperature)

NSA/MWRP/C1 - V-band Noise diode failure

The LN2 calibration on 3/15 showed a large drift of the V-band calibration parameters. The 
radiometer was calibrated again in June and was sent out for repairs in July 2007.

Between 3/15 and 7/13 2007 the V-band data are incorrect and should be disregarded. The 
failure affects the retrieved vertical profiles of temperature and humidity as well.

Please note that the hardware failure affected the 7 V-band channels only (51-60 GHz). 
Channels in the frequency range between 20 and 30 GHz are not affected. Integrated liquid 
water (LWP) and water vapor (PWV) are not affected since they use K-band channels only.

• Temperature, virtual, vert. prof. sfc-10km, fr. wtr. vap. dens. and temp. prof.(virtualTemperature)
• Air temperature(temperature)
• Density, water vapor, prof. from sfc.-10 km, der. from Tbright stat. retrvl.(waterVaporDensity)
• Humidity, relative, prof. from sfc.-10km, from water vap. dens. and temp. prof.(relativeHumidity)
• Microwave brightness temperature(brightnessTemperature)
• Retrieved water vapor mixing ratio(waterVaporMixingRatio)

NSA/TSI/C1 - frost/condensation in lens

The sky image appeared hazy and was corrected by cleaning the neutral-density filter and 
lens of the camera. The determination of cloud fraction may be affected.

• Cloud amount, thin (percent)(percent.thin)
• Cloud amount, opaque (percent)(percent.opaque)

• JPEG data stream - documentation not yet available

NSA/MWRP/C1 - Spare radiometer installed

A spare radiometer was provided by Radiometrics while they try to fix our MWRP. The spare 
radiometer is of the same family as the one we have in Barrow and it will stay at the 
site until our radiometer is repaired.
A LN2 calibration will be performed next week.

• AVHRR satellite images for Darwin from BOM (RAW)(raw)

• Pressure, level of free convection(levelFreeConvectionPres)
• Temperature, virtual, vert. prof. sfc-10km, fr. wtr. vap. dens. and temp. prof.(virtualTemperature)
• Pressure, lifting condensation level(liftingCondensationLevelPres)
• Pressure, equilibrium level(equilibriumLevelPres)
• dataQualityFlags
• totalPrecipitableWater2RmsError
• Density, water vapor, at instrument height (1 or 2 m)(surfaceWaterVaporDensity)
• Humidity, relative, prof. from sfc.-10km, from water vap. dens. and temp. prof.(relativeHumidity)
• wetWindowFlag
• Liquid water content, cloud, vert. prof. sfc.-10km, from Tbright stat. retrvl.(liquidWaterContent)
• Liquid water path, from Tbright at 23.835 and 30.0 GHz only, using stat. retrvl.(liquidWaterPath2)
• Height, equilibrium level(equilibriumLevel)
• infraredTemperature
• Energy, potential, convective, available, from RUC model(cape)
• time
• time_offset
• liquidWaterPathRmsError
• waterVaporDensityRmsError
• Barometric pressure(pressure)
• blackbodyTemperature
• Microwave brightness temperature(brightnessTemperature)
• Liquid water path, from brightness temperatures using statistical retrieval(liquidWaterPath)
• Retrieved water vapor mixing ratio(waterVaporMixingRatio)
• alt
• Pressure, barometric. at instrument height (1 or 2 m)(surfacePressure)
• Height, lifting condensation level(liftingCondensationLevel)
• Pressure, associated geometric height, at altitude, NGM model output(height)
• Height, level of free convection(levelFreeConvection)
• elevation
• liquidWaterContentRmsError
• liquidWaterPath2RmsError
• Humidity, relative, at instrument height (1 or 2 m)(surfaceRelativeHumidity)
• Retrieved dewpoint temperature(dewpointTemperature)
• Temperature, air, at instrument height (1 or 2 m)(surfaceTemperature)
• Water vapor, total precipitable, derived from Tbright using stat. retrvl.(totalPrecipitableWater)
• temperatureRmsError
• frequency
• Air temperature(temperature)
• base_time
• Density, water vapor, prof. from sfc.-10 km, der. from Tbright stat. retrvl.(waterVaporDensity)
• totalPrecipitableWaterRmsError
• lon
• Height, cloud base, height where IR temp. matches retrieved temp. profile(cloudBaseHeight)
• lat
• Water vapor, tot. precipitable, from Tbright, 23.835 & 30.0 GHz, stat. retrvl.(totalPrecipitableWater2)
• azimuth

• AVHRR satellite images for Darwin from BOM (RAW)(raw)

NSA/MWRP/C1 - Radiometer in mixed scanning-zenith mode

After installing the spare radiometer (D080409.2), the data started to be intermittent and 
the software froze several times. To test if the problem was due to the scanning 
procedure used with the other radiometer, the instrument was run with a zenith-only procedure at 
times and with the usual scanning procedure at restart. When restarted with the scanning 
procedure the software had problems, so it was decided to run the spare instrument only 
with the zenith-viewing mode until our instrument comes back.

The quality of the data should be unaffected. The only difference is that only data 
collected at 90 degree angle will be available until our instrument comes back.

• Pressure, level of free convection(levelFreeConvectionPres)
• Temperature, virtual, vert. prof. sfc-10km, fr. wtr. vap. dens. and temp. prof.(virtualTemperature)
• Pressure, lifting condensation level(liftingCondensationLevelPres)
• Pressure, equilibrium level(equilibriumLevelPres)
• dataQualityFlags
• totalPrecipitableWater2RmsError
• Density, water vapor, at instrument height (1 or 2 m)(surfaceWaterVaporDensity)
• Humidity, relative, prof. from sfc.-10km, from water vap. dens. and temp. prof.(relativeHumidity)
• wetWindowFlag
• Liquid water content, cloud, vert. prof. sfc.-10km, from Tbright stat. retrvl.(liquidWaterContent)
• Liquid water path, from Tbright at 23.835 and 30.0 GHz only, using stat. retrvl.(liquidWaterPath2)
• Height, equilibrium level(equilibriumLevel)
• infraredTemperature
• Energy, potential, convective, available, from RUC model(cape)
• time
• time_offset
• liquidWaterPathRmsError
• waterVaporDensityRmsError
• Barometric pressure(pressure)
• blackbodyTemperature
• Microwave brightness temperature(brightnessTemperature)
• Liquid water path, from brightness temperatures using statistical retrieval(liquidWaterPath)
• Retrieved water vapor mixing ratio(waterVaporMixingRatio)
• alt
• Pressure, barometric. at instrument height (1 or 2 m)(surfacePressure)
• Height, lifting condensation level(liftingCondensationLevel)
• Pressure, associated geometric height, at altitude, NGM model output(height)
• Height, level of free convection(levelFreeConvection)
• elevation
• liquidWaterContentRmsError
• liquidWaterPath2RmsError
• Humidity, relative, at instrument height (1 or 2 m)(surfaceRelativeHumidity)
• Retrieved dewpoint temperature(dewpointTemperature)
• Temperature, air, at instrument height (1 or 2 m)(surfaceTemperature)
• Water vapor, total precipitable, derived from Tbright using stat. retrvl.(totalPrecipitableWater)
• temperatureRmsError
• frequency
• Air temperature(temperature)
• base_time
• Density, water vapor, prof. from sfc.-10 km, der. from Tbright stat. retrvl.(waterVaporDensity)
• totalPrecipitableWaterRmsError
• lon
• Height, cloud base, height where IR temp. matches retrieved temp. profile(cloudBaseHeight)
• lat
• Water vapor, tot. precipitable, from Tbright, 23.835 & 30.0 GHz, stat. retrvl.(totalPrecipitableWater2)
• azimuth

NSA/MWRP/C1 - Intermittent data

A spare radiometer was installed a the site to substitute the malfunctioning radiometer 
(see DQRs D080409.2 and D080421.1). During this time the spare radiometer had problems 
starting and was stopping collection suddenly. Data during this time are very intermittent 
with large gaps.

• AVHRR satellite images for Darwin from BOM (RAW)(raw)

• Pressure, level of free convection(levelFreeConvectionPres)
• Temperature, virtual, vert. prof. sfc-10km, fr. wtr. vap. dens. and temp. prof.(virtualTemperature)
• Pressure, lifting condensation level(liftingCondensationLevelPres)
• Pressure, equilibrium level(equilibriumLevelPres)
• dataQualityFlags
• totalPrecipitableWater2RmsError
• Density, water vapor, at instrument height (1 or 2 m)(surfaceWaterVaporDensity)
• Humidity, relative, prof. from sfc.-10km, from water vap. dens. and temp. prof.(relativeHumidity)
• wetWindowFlag
• Liquid water content, cloud, vert. prof. sfc.-10km, from Tbright stat. retrvl.(liquidWaterContent)
• Liquid water path, from Tbright at 23.835 and 30.0 GHz only, using stat. retrvl.(liquidWaterPath2)
• Height, equilibrium level(equilibriumLevel)
• infraredTemperature
• Energy, potential, convective, available, from RUC model(cape)
• time
• time_offset
• liquidWaterPathRmsError
• waterVaporDensityRmsError
• Barometric pressure(pressure)
• blackbodyTemperature
• Microwave brightness temperature(brightnessTemperature)
• Liquid water path, from brightness temperatures using statistical retrieval(liquidWaterPath)
• Retrieved water vapor mixing ratio(waterVaporMixingRatio)
• alt
• Pressure, barometric. at instrument height (1 or 2 m)(surfacePressure)
• Height, lifting condensation level(liftingCondensationLevel)
• Pressure, associated geometric height, at altitude, NGM model output(height)
• Height, level of free convection(levelFreeConvection)
• elevation
• liquidWaterContentRmsError
• liquidWaterPath2RmsError
• Humidity, relative, at instrument height (1 or 2 m)(surfaceRelativeHumidity)
• Retrieved dewpoint temperature(dewpointTemperature)
• Temperature, air, at instrument height (1 or 2 m)(surfaceTemperature)
• Water vapor, total precipitable, derived from Tbright using stat. retrvl.(totalPrecipitableWater)
• temperatureRmsError
• frequency
• Air temperature(temperature)
• base_time
• Density, water vapor, prof. from sfc.-10 km, der. from Tbright stat. retrvl.(waterVaporDensity)
• totalPrecipitableWaterRmsError
• lon
• Height, cloud base, height where IR temp. matches retrieved temp. profile(cloudBaseHeight)
• lat
• Water vapor, tot. precipitable, from Tbright, 23.835 & 30.0 GHz, stat. retrvl.(totalPrecipitableWater2)
• azimuth

• AVHRR satellite images for Darwin from BOM (RAW)(raw)

NSA/MWRP/C1 - Reprocess: LN2 calibration

On 4/9 a spare radiometer was installed at the site. On 4/18 a LN2 calibration was 
conducted. Upon examination of the data it appeared that the LN2 calibration was generally 
successful, however the 30-GHz channel was not calibrated properly.
New calibration coefficients for all K-band channels were derived and data for the whole 
month should be reprocessed with these newly derived coefficients. I will provide the new 
configuration file.

An explanation of the effects of the poor calibration is given in the Instrument Mentor 
Monthly Summary report. The poor calibration affected the LWP in particular. Re-calibration 
will correct the problem.

• Water vapor, total precipitable, derived from Tbright using stat. retrvl.(totalPrecipitableWater)
• Humidity, relative, prof. from sfc.-10km, from water vap. dens. and temp. prof.(relativeHumidity)
• Liquid water content, cloud, vert. prof. sfc.-10km, from Tbright stat. retrvl.(liquidWaterContent)
• Microwave brightness temperature(brightnessTemperature)
• Liquid water path, from brightness temperatures using statistical retrieval(liquidWaterPath)
• Retrieved water vapor mixing ratio(waterVaporMixingRatio)
• Liquid water path, from Tbright at 23.835 and 30.0 GHz only, using stat. retrvl.(liquidWaterPath2)
• Water vapor, tot. precipitable, from Tbright, 23.835 & 30.0 GHz, stat. retrvl.(totalPrecipitableWater2)

NSA/MWRP/C1 - Increased RF intereference

The spare radiometer experienced increased levels of RF interference. The interference is 
prominent on the 30-GHz channel and LWP retrievals that appear particularly noisy.

• Microwave brightness temperature(brightnessTemperature)
• Liquid water path, from brightness temperatures using statistical retrieval(liquidWaterPath)
• Liquid water path, from Tbright at 23.835 and 30.0 GHz only, using stat. retrvl.(liquidWaterPath2)

NSA/MWRP/C1 - Reprocessed: LN2 calibrations applied

The V-band measurements were incorrect. The quantities affected were the temperature and 
humidity profiles.

The instrument was re-calibrated on July 18.  The new calibrations have been applied to 
the data for this time period.  The reprocessed data were archived in January 2009.

• Water vapor, total precipitable, derived from Tbright using stat. retrvl.(totalPrecipitableWater)
• Temperature, virtual, vert. prof. sfc-10km, fr. wtr. vap. dens. and temp. prof.(virtualTemperature)
• Air temperature(temperature)
• Density, water vapor, prof. from sfc.-10 km, der. from Tbright stat. retrvl.(waterVaporDensity)
• Humidity, relative, prof. from sfc.-10km, from water vap. dens. and temp. prof.(relativeHumidity)
• Liquid water content, cloud, vert. prof. sfc.-10km, from Tbright stat. retrvl.(liquidWaterContent)
• Microwave brightness temperature(brightnessTemperature)
• Liquid water path, from brightness temperatures using statistical retrieval(liquidWaterPath)
• Retrieved water vapor mixing ratio(waterVaporMixingRatio)
• Liquid water path, from Tbright at 23.835 and 30.0 GHz only, using stat. retrvl.(liquidWaterPath2)
• Water vapor, tot. precipitable, from Tbright, 23.835 & 30.0 GHz, stat. retrvl.(totalPrecipitableWater2)
• Retrieved dewpoint temperature(dewpointTemperature)

NSA/MWRP/C1 - V-band noise diode failure

The V-band noise diode is showing signs of instability. Starting about August 5 the 
comparison of brightness temperatures with model showed an increased divergence resulting from 
a downward trend in the brightness temperatures of frequencies > 50 GHz.

Disregard brightness temperatures and retrieved products associated with the V-band 
channels. These include all profiles. Integrated water vapor and liquid water path are not 
affected.

• Pressure, level of free convection(levelFreeConvectionPres)
• Height, lifting condensation level(liftingCondensationLevel)
• Temperature, virtual, vert. prof. sfc-10km, fr. wtr. vap. dens. and temp. prof.(virtualTemperature)
• Pressure, lifting condensation level(liftingCondensationLevelPres)
• Air temperature(temperature)
• Height, level of free convection(levelFreeConvection)
• Density, water vapor, prof. from sfc.-10 km, der. from Tbright stat. retrvl.(waterVaporDensity)
• Humidity, relative, prof. from sfc.-10km, from water vap. dens. and temp. prof.(relativeHumidity)
• Microwave brightness temperature(brightnessTemperature)
• Retrieved water vapor mixing ratio(waterVaporMixingRatio)
• Retrieved dewpoint temperature(dewpointTemperature)

NSA/MWRP/C1 - Incorrect V-band data

The V-band channels show a drift during this time.

• Pressure, level of free convection(levelFreeConvectionPres)
• Height, lifting condensation level(liftingCondensationLevel)
• Temperature, virtual, vert. prof. sfc-10km, fr. wtr. vap. dens. and temp. prof.(virtualTemperature)
• Pressure, lifting condensation level(liftingCondensationLevelPres)
• Air temperature(temperature)
• Height, level of free convection(levelFreeConvection)
• Density, water vapor, prof. from sfc.-10 km, der. from Tbright stat. retrvl.(waterVaporDensity)
• Humidity, relative, prof. from sfc.-10km, from water vap. dens. and temp. prof.(relativeHumidity)
• Liquid water content, cloud, vert. prof. sfc.-10km, from Tbright stat. retrvl.(liquidWaterContent)
• Microwave brightness temperature(brightnessTemperature)
• Retrieved water vapor mixing ratio(waterVaporMixingRatio)

NSA/TSI/C1 - Mirror frozen

The mirror was not rotating so the shadowband was not masking the sun. This appears to 
have been caused by snow that was melted by the mirror heater and then re-frozen by high, 
cold winds.

• region.zenith.count.opaque
• count.opaque
• Cloud amount, thin (percent)(percent.thin)
• count.thin
• region.horizon.count.opaque
• region.sun.count
• region.horizon.count.thin
• region.horizon.count
• region.zenith.count
• region.sun.count.thin
• region.zenith.count.thin
• region.sun.count.opaque
• count.sky
• Cloud amount, opaque (percent)(percent.opaque)

• Cloud decision images, Total Sky Imager, PNG format(png)

• JPEG data stream - documentation not yet available

NSA/MET/C1 - Temp/RH/wind data questionable

New wind sensors and new T/RH probes were being installed during this time period.  The 
tower booms were lowered and much of the data collected were not at listed heights nor were 
the data accurate due to configurations during install.

• qc_wspd_arith_mean
• qc_rh_mean
• qc_wspd_vec_mean
• vapor_pressure_std
• Wind speed vector mean(wspd_vec_mean)
• qc_temp_mean
• temp_std
• Relative humidity mean(rh_mean)
• dew_point_mean
• Wind speed arithmetic mean(wspd_arith_mean)
• Wind direction vector mean(wdir_vec_mean)
• qc_wdir_vec_mean
• Temperature mean(temp_mean)
• vapor_pressure_mean
• wdir_vec_std
• qc_vapor_pressure_mean
• qc_dew_point_mean
• trh_err_code
• dew_point_std
• rh_std

• wdir_vec_std
• qc_wspd_arith_mean
• qc_temp_mean
• trh_err_code
• Wind speed arithmetic mean(wspd_arith_mean)
• qc_wdir_vec_mean
• dew_point_mean
• Temperature mean(temp_mean)
• temp_std
• Wind speed vector mean(wspd_vec_mean)
• Relative humidity mean(rh_mean)
• dew_point_std
• rh_std
• qc_rh_mean
• Wind direction vector mean(wdir_vec_mean)
• vapor_pressure_mean
• vapor_pressure_std
• qc_wspd_vec_mean
• qc_dew_point_mean
• qc_vapor_pressure_mean

NSA/MET/C1 - PWS data missing due to snow impaction

Blizzard conditions caused the optics to become impacted with snow and ice rendering the 
Present Weather Detector inoperative.

• qc_pws_cumul_snow
• qc_pws_pw_code_15min
• qc_pws_precip_rate_mean_1min
• qc_pws_cumul_rain
• PWS 10 minute mean visibility(pws_vis_mean_10min)
• pws_err_code
• qc_pws_vis_mean_1min
• pws_cumul_rain
• pws_pw_code_1hr
• Rain, surface, 1-min avg(pws_precip_rate_mean_1min)
• pws_cumul_snow
• pws_pw_code_15min
• qc_pws_pw_code_inst
• pws_pw_code_inst
• qc_pws_pw_code_1hr
• qc_pws_err_code
• qc_pws_vis_mean_10min
• PWS 1 minute mean visibility(pws_vis_mean_1min)

NSA/MET/C1 - Wind data intermittent

There was a loose wire on the serial data multiplexer causing the wind data to become 
missing during high wind situations.  The high winds caused the enclosure to vibrate making 
the connection intermittent.

• Wind speed arithmetic mean(wspd_arith_mean)
• qc_wspd_arith_mean
• qc_wspd_vec_mean
• Wind direction vector mean(wdir_vec_mean)
• qc_wdir_vec_mean
• Wind speed vector mean(wspd_vec_mean)
• wdir_vec_std

• wdir_vec_std
• qc_wspd_arith_mean
• Wind direction vector mean(wdir_vec_mean)
• qc_wspd_vec_mean
• Wind speed arithmetic mean(wspd_arith_mean)
• qc_wdir_vec_mean
• Wind speed vector mean(wspd_vec_mean)

NSA/MET/C1 - CMH data missing

The data from the CMH was missing during these times due to a failing logic board.  The 
board was replaced.

• cmh_dew_point
• qc_cmh_dew_point
• qc_cmh_rh
• cmh_temp
• cmh_vapor_pressure
• qc_cmh_vapor_pressure
• qc_cmh_sat_vapor_pressure
• qc_cmh_temp
• cmh_sat_vapor_pressure
• cmh_rh

NSA/MWRP/C1 - Reprocessed: Negative bias in LWP

After the radiometer was installed at the site following extensive refurbishing the 
retrieved LWP had a large negative bias (~-0.07 mm). The calibration coefficients were modified 
and that resolved the problem. Data for February, March and part of April were 
reprocessed with the revised calibrations and archived in July.

• Water vapor, total precipitable, derived from Tbright using stat. retrvl.(totalPrecipitableWater)
• Microwave brightness temperature(brightnessTemperature)
• Liquid water path, from brightness temperatures using statistical retrieval(liquidWaterPath)
• Liquid water path, from Tbright at 23.835 and 30.0 GHz only, using stat. retrvl.(liquidWaterPath2)
• Water vapor, tot. precipitable, from Tbright, 23.835 & 30.0 GHz, stat. retrvl.(totalPrecipitableWater2)

NSA/SONDE/C1 - Wind data missing

A GPS problem associated with Vaisala BBSS ground station software issues caused the 
ground stations to enter into an error state when using GPS wind finding. In some instances, 
the flight was aborted due to the error state and not data was collected.  A workaround 
was developed to allow sondes to be launched without collecting wind data.

• Northward Wind Component(v_wind)
• wstat
• Eastward Wind Component(u_wind)
• Mean Wind Speed(wspd)

NSA/MET/C1 - Met data incorrect during calibration

All met data from the tower booms (temp, RH, winds and derived variables) were incorrect 
due to the booms being lowered from their measurement heights.  Additionally, the 
scaffolding was located directly adjacent to the booms affecting the wind field and the Temp/RH 
data.

• qc_wspd_arith_mean
• qc_rh_mean
• qc_wspd_vec_mean
• vapor_pressure_std
• Wind speed vector mean(wspd_vec_mean)
• qc_temp_mean
• temp_std
• qc_time
• Relative humidity mean(rh_mean)
• dew_point_mean
• Wind speed arithmetic mean(wspd_arith_mean)
• Wind direction vector mean(wdir_vec_mean)
• qc_wdir_vec_mean
• Temperature mean(temp_mean)
• vapor_pressure_mean
• wdir_vec_std
• qc_vapor_pressure_mean
• qc_dew_point_mean
• trh_err_code
• dew_point_std
• rh_std

• wdir_vec_std
• qc_wspd_arith_mean
• qc_temp_mean
• trh_err_code
• Wind speed arithmetic mean(wspd_arith_mean)
• qc_wdir_vec_mean
• dew_point_mean
• Temperature mean(temp_mean)
• temp_std
• Wind speed vector mean(wspd_vec_mean)
• Relative humidity mean(rh_mean)
• dew_point_std
• rh_std
• qc_rh_mean
• Wind direction vector mean(wdir_vec_mean)
• vapor_pressure_mean
• vapor_pressure_std
• qc_wspd_vec_mean
• qc_dew_point_mean
• qc_vapor_pressure_mean

NSA/MET/C1 - PWS calibration

The PWS was undergoing calibration. Any data collected during this time is not 
representative of the atmospheric state.

• qc_pws_cumul_snow
• qc_pws_pw_code_15min
• qc_pws_precip_rate_mean_1min
• qc_pws_cumul_rain
• PWS 10 minute mean visibility(pws_vis_mean_10min)
• pws_err_code
• qc_pws_vis_mean_1min
• pws_cumul_rain
• pws_pw_code_1hr
• Rain, surface, 1-min avg(pws_precip_rate_mean_1min)
• pws_cumul_snow
• pws_pw_code_15min
• qc_pws_pw_code_inst
• pws_pw_code_inst
• qc_pws_pw_code_1hr
• qc_pws_err_code
• qc_pws_vis_mean_10min
• PWS 1 minute mean visibility(pws_vis_mean_1min)

NSA/MET/C1 - CMH calibration

CMH data missing due to removal of the sensor for annual calibration.

• cmh_dew_point
• qc_cmh_dew_point
• qc_cmh_rh
• cmh_temp
• cmh_vapor_pressure
• qc_cmh_vapor_pressure
• qc_cmh_sat_vapor_pressure
• qc_cmh_temp
• cmh_sat_vapor_pressure
• cmh_rh

NSA/MET/C1 - 2m RH values incorrect

The new t/rh probe installed during annual calibrations and checks began to exhibit 
readings that were biased high compared to the Chilled Mirror Hygrometer.  In high RH 
conditions the sensor would consistently report RH values in excess of 105%.  Comparisons to the 
other tower levels also suggested that the 2m level RH data is suspect.

• Relative humidity mean(rh_mean)
• dew_point_mean
• qc_rh_mean
• vapor_pressure_std
• vapor_pressure_mean
• qc_dew_point_mean
• dew_point_std
• rh_std

• rh_std
• qc_rh_mean
• vapor_pressure_mean
• vapor_pressure_std
• dew_point_mean
• qc_dew_point_mean
• Relative humidity mean(rh_mean)
• dew_point_std
• qc_vapor_pressure_mean

NSA/SONDE/C1 - Wind data missing

After some power disruptions, the Power Supply board of the SPS220 ground station was 
damaged.  The damage caused the supply to not have enough power to run the GPS board.  
Switching to the back up DigiCora II did not alleviate the problem as the fix for GPS failure 
to all Vaisala sonde products had not been installed.  A different P/S was found and sent 
up to replace the failed one.

• Wind Direction(deg)
• Northward Wind Component(v_wind)
• Eastward Wind Component(u_wind)
• Mean Wind Speed(wspd)

NSA/ARSCL/C1 - Reflectivity values unreliable

Reflectivity dBZ values should not be used.  The reported cloud boundaries may 
underestimate cloud tops, particularly for high or thick clouds.  Also thin high clouds may have 
been missed entirely, especially if there were lower-level cloud layers below them. During 
this time period, the MMCR was transmitting in  circular polarization, rather than 
(correct) linear polarization. This caused reported Reflectivity values to be too low by an 
unknown amount, resulting in an effective loss of radar sensitivity.

Areas identified as have having hydrometeor detections are correct, however some areas 
marked as clear may in fact contain cloud due to the MMCR's low sensitivity during this time.

• Cloud, reflectivity, at altitude(Reflectivity)

• Cloud, reflectivity, at altitude(Reflectivity)

• Cloud, reflectivity, at altitude(Reflectivity)

• Cloud, reflectivity, at altitude(Reflectivity)

• CloudLayerBottomHeightMplCloth
• CloudLayerTopHeightMplCloth

• CloudLayerTopHeightMplCloth
• MMCR Reflectivity, Best estimate, Hydrometer(ReflectivityBestEstimate)
• RadarFirstTop
• Cloud, reflectivity, at altitude(Reflectivity)
• MMCR Reflectivity, clutter removed(ReflectivityNoClutter)
• CloudLayerBottomHeightMplCloth

NSA/MWRP/C1 - Reprocess: V-band channels too cold

The calibrations of 7/20 and 7/29 were slightly affected by high humidity at the site. As 
a result the V-band channels were calibrated too cold.
On 8/26 I modified the mp.cfg file and reinstated the calibration coefficients derived on 
3/20/2009.

Data between 7/20 and 8/26 will be reprocessed with one set of calibration coefficients.

• Temperature, virtual, vert. prof. sfc-10km, fr. wtr. vap. dens. and temp. prof.(virtualTemperature)
• Air temperature(temperature)
• Microwave brightness temperature(brightnessTemperature)