TWP/C2/SMET - Pressure sensitivity to rain

The pressure behaves anomalously during rain events - even very mild
ones.  Normally, the pressure undergoes a smooth semi-diurnal
oscillation with little higher frequency variability.  However, during
and shortly after rain events, the pressure signal exhibits abrupt
changes - this sort of behavior has occasionally been observed at
Manus but not with the regularity seen here.  Examples of this
behaviour occur on (date in the form YYYYMMDD):

19981212
19981215
19981216
19981217
19981223
19981224
19981225
19981230
19981231

• Vapor pressure standard deviation(vappress_sd)
• Vapor pressure mean(vappress_mean)
• Barometric Pressure(atmos_pressure)

• Barometric Pressure(atmos_pressure)
• Vapor pressure mean(vappress_mean)
• Vapor pressure standard deviation(vappress_sd)

TWP/SMET/C2 - Negative rainfall rates

Due to limitations of the Zeno dataloggers all voltage measurements
from the optical rain gauge (ORG) were converted to rainfall rates. 
This resulted in negative values for rain rates.  Any value below
0.10 mm/hr should be considered to be 0 mm/hr.  New dataloggers 
alleviated this problem.

• Precipitation mean(precip_mean)
• precipitation minimum(precip_min)
• Precipitation maximum(precip_max)
• Precipitation standard deviation(precip_sd)

TWP/SMET/C2 - Reprocess: Barometric pressure units change

Barometric pressure data during this time period is reported in hPa.  After this time, the 
data have been converted to kPa to standardize the measurement units among ARM sites and 
to conform to accepted standard units determined by the scientific community.

• Barometric Pressure(atmos_pressure)

TWP/SMET/C2 - Reprocess: Tipping bucket rain gauge added

A tipping bucket rain gauge was added to the TWP.C2 SMET suite of instruments on 20061129. 
Effective 20060926, two new variables (count and rain amount) were added to the end of 
the twpsmet60sC2.b1 datastream.  Between 9/26 and 11/29, the data for these two variables 
are filled with zeros.  Users should not use the data during this period as the zeros are 
not representative of the rain fall at the site.  When reprocessing of this datastream 
occurs these variables will be added for the 19981021-20060926 and data from 
19981021-20061129 will be filled with -9999 (missing).

• base time(base_time)

TWP/SMET/C2 - Missing data

Data are missing and unrecoverable.

• Vapor pressure standard deviation(vappress_sd)
• Lower sensor, wind speed arithmetic average(lo_spd_arith_avg)
• Lower sensor, wind direction vector average(lo_dir_vec_avg)
• Lower sensor, wind speed vector average(lo_spd_vec_avg)
• Vapor pressure mean(vappress_mean)
• base time(base_time)
• Upper sensor, wind speed minimum(up_spd_min)
• Upper sensor, wind direction standard deviation(up_dir_sd)
• Upper sensor, wind speed maximum(up_spd_max)
• Logger panel temperature(logger_temp)
• Mean Air Temperature or Hardware Error(temp_mean)
• Tipping bucket raingauge count total(tbrg_count_total)
• Precipitation maximum(precip_max)
• lon(lon)
• Upper sensor, wind speed arithmetic average(up_spd_arith_avg)
• Lower sensor, wind speed standard deviation(lo_spd_sd)
• lat(lat)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• Std Dev of Relative Humidity or Hardware Error Code(relh_sd)
• Lower sensor, wind speed minimum(lo_spd_min)
• Upper sensor, wind direction vector average(up_dir_vec_avg)
• Std Dev of Air Temperature(temp_sd)
• Dummy altitude for Zeb(alt)
• Battery Voltage(internal_voltage)
• Precipitation standard deviation(precip_sd)
• Barometric Pressure(atmos_pressure)
• Upper sensor, wind speed vector average(up_spd_vec_avg)
• Lower sensor, wind direction standard deviation(lo_dir_sd)
• precipitation minimum(precip_min)
• Precipitation mean(precip_mean)
• Tipping bucket raingauge total(tbrg_total)
• time(time)
• Mean Relative Humidity(relh_mean)
• Lower sensor, wind speed maximum(lo_spd_max)
• Upper sensor, wind speed standard deviation(up_spd_sd)

TWP/SMET/C2 - Wind Speed data contain offset due to induced voltage

The marine model of the RM Young wind sensor needs twisted pair shielded cable.  The 
manufacturer did not originally supply the pigtail with twisted pair shielded cable.  Use of 
twisted pair shielded cable for the rest of the cable run to the logger was also not 
specified.  This caused an induced voltage in the wind speed line from the wind direction 
excitation.  The induced voltage varied from sensor to sensor and probably changed anytime 
the cable was replaced or parts of the wind sensor were repaired or replaced. The induced 
voltage has been seen to vary from 0.15 m/s to as much as 1.08 m/s.

• Lower sensor, wind speed arithmetic average(lo_spd_arith_avg)
• Lower sensor, wind speed minimum(lo_spd_min)
• Lower sensor, wind speed vector average(lo_spd_vec_avg)
• Upper sensor, wind speed minimum(up_spd_min)
• Upper sensor, wind speed arithmetic average(up_spd_arith_avg)
• Lower sensor, wind speed maximum(lo_spd_max)
• Upper sensor, wind speed maximum(up_spd_max)
• Upper sensor, wind speed standard deviation(up_spd_sd)
• Lower sensor, wind speed standard deviation(lo_spd_sd)
• Upper sensor, wind speed vector average(up_spd_vec_avg)