HFE/MWR/M1 - Insufficient calibration stability

The noise diode temperature suddenly jumped to > 60 C after a power outage. Following 
additional power problems the noise diode injection temperature drifted fast and the 
radiometer was not able to calibrate properly.

Data during the indicated time periods are poorly calibrated and sometimes erratic. Users 
should be aware that the accuracy of the measurements is dramatically degraded. 

Users can use the microwave profiler (MWRP) data to supplement the MWR data.

• Sky brightness temperature at 31.4 GHz(tbsky31)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 31.4 GHz(tnd_nom31)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd23)
• MWR column precipitable water vapor(vap)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 31.4 GHz(tc31)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 23.8 GHz(tc23)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 23.8 GHz(tnd_nom23)
• Averaged total liquid water along LOS path(liq)
• Mixer kinetic (physical) temperature(tkxc)
• (tknd)
• Sky brightness temperature at 23.8 GHz(tbsky23)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd31)

• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 23.8 GHz(tnd_nom23)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd31)
• Total water vapor along zenith path using tip-derived brightness temperatures(vaptip)
• Total liquid water along zenith path using tip-derived brightness temperatures(liqtip)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz derived from this tip(tnd23I)
• 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature derived from tip curve(tbsky23tip)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 23.8 GHz(tc23)
• Mixer kinetic (physical) temperature(tkxc)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 31.4 GHz(tc31)
• 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature derived from tip curve(tbsky31tip)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz derived from this tip(tnd31I)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 31.4 GHz(tnd_nom31)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd23)
• (tknd)

HFE/ECOR/M1 - Sonic failure

The sonic datastream were "garbled", possibly associated with a serial line damage to the 
LI-7500 serial port or the Versalogic SBC serial port. Garbled data condition existed 
through 10/09/08 0030 GMT followed by missing data through 10/12/08 0230 GMT.

• covariance of qc(cvar_qc)
• mean value of \spike\ v samples(mean_spk_v)
• skewness of variable t(skew_t)
• Water vapor density (q)(mean_q)
• rotated covariance wc(cvar_rot_wc)
• skewness of variable u(skew_u)
• mean value of \spike\ w samples(mean_spk_w)
• variance of w(var_rot_w)
• rotated mean v(mean_rot_v)
• number of t samples removed due to spikes(n_spk_t)
• covariance of tq(cvar_tq)
• number of valid u samples(n_good_u)
• 0=real or 1=dummy value of cp(real_cp)
• mean horizontal wind speed(mean_rot_u)
• number of u samples removed due to spikes(n_spk_u)
• kurtosis of variable c(kurt_c)
• variance of u(var_rot_u)
• number of samples with bad sonic status flag(n_bad_son_ic)
• rotated covariance vw(cvar_rot_vw)
• number of valid t samples(n_good_t)
• condensation pressure(cp)
• Dummy altitude for Zeb(alt)
• mean value of out of range values and spikes of t -9999 if no spikes(mean_spk_t)
• base time(base_time)
• rotated covariance uw(cvar_rot_uw)
• covariance of tc(cvar_tc)
• 0=real or 1=dummy value of mr(real_mr)
• standard deviation of wind direction(std_wind_dir)
• number of bad or out of range q samples(n_bad_q)
• covariance ut(cvar_ut)
• wT covariance(cvar_wt)
• rotated covariance uq(cvar_rot_uq)
• momentum flux (dynamic)(k)
• number of bad or out of range c samples(n_bad_c)
• latent heat of vaporization(lv)
• covariance vt(cvar_vt)
• mean value of out of range values and spikes of q -9999 if no spikes(mean_spk_q)
• variance of variable u(var_u)
• CO2 flux(fc)
• h(h)
• standard deviation of wind elevation angle(std_elev)
• lon(lon)
• covariance uv(cvar_uv)
• kurtosis of variable q(kurt_q)
• skewness of variable c(skew_c)
• latent heat flux(lv_e)
• variance of c(var_c)
• number of samples with IRGA optical path blocked flag(n_bad_irga_light)
• variance of t(var_t)
• covariance wq(cvar_wq)
• Vertical angle of wind(phi)
• rotated covariance uc(cvar_rot_uc)
• skewness of variable w(skew_w)
• number of q samples removed due to spikes(n_spk_q)
• kurtosis of variable u(kurt_u)
• Virtual temperature (T)(mean_t)
• number of bad or out of range w samples(n_bad_w)
• kurtosis of variable t(kurt_t)
• number of valid c samples(n_good_c)
• number of bad or out of range t samples(n_bad_t)
• number of valid w samples(n_good_w)
• rotated covariance wt(cvar_rot_wt)
• rotated covariance wq(cvar_rot_wq)
• skewness of variable v(skew_v)
• number of w samples removed due to spikes(n_spk_w)
• Friction velocity(ustar)
• number of bad or out of range u samples(n_bad_u)
• kurtosis of variable v(kurt_v)
• mixing ratio(mr)
• number of bad or out of range v samples(n_bad_v)
• lat(lat)
• average atmospheric pressure (IGRA internal sensor)(atm_pres)
• number of samples with \IRGA hardware problem\ flag(n_bad_irga)
• covariance vc(cvar_vc)
• number of v samples removed due to spikes(n_spk_v)
• Down-boom wind velocity (u)(mean_u)
• rotated covariance vc(cvar_rot_vc)
• covariance vq(cvar_vq)
• uw covariance(cvar_uw)
• kurtosis of variable w(kurt_w)
• vector averaged wind speed(wind_spd)
• Cross-boom wind velocity (v)(mean_v)
• Vertical wind velocity (w)(mean_w)
• vector averaged wind direction(wind_dir)
• rotated covariance ut(cvar_rot_ut)
• variance of variable w(var_w)
• covariance uq(cvar_uq)
• Retrieved water vapor density profile(rho)
• variance of v(var_rot_v)
• number of valid v samples(n_good_v)
• covariance wc(cvar_wc)
• variance of variable v(var_v)
• number of valid q samples(n_good_q)
• 0=real or 1=dummy value of rho(real_rho)
• number of c samples removed due to spikes(n_spk_c)
• mean co2 concentration (c)(mean_c)
• average temperature (IGRA internal sensor)(temp_irga)
• mean value of out of range values and spikes of c -9999 if no spikes(mean_spk_c)
• vertical (elevation) wind angle(elev)
• rotated mean w(mean_rot_w)
• time(time)
• average voltage of IRGA cooler(mean_cooler)
• covariance uc(cvar_uc)
• vw covariance(cvar_vw)
• mean value of \spike\ u samples(mean_spk_u)
• variance of q(var_q)
• rotated covariance uv(cvar_rot_uv)
• skewness of variable q(skew_q)
• 0=real or 1=dummy value of lv(real_lv)
• rotated covariance vt(cvar_rot_vt)
• rotated covariance vq(cvar_rot_vq)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)

HFE/MWRHF/M1 - 150-GHz data drop out

The sky brightness temperature at 150 GHz (tbsky150) dropped to zero at 12:29 GMT on 
20080804 and stayed flat lined until 23:40 GMT on 20081002.

• Sky brightness temperature (150 GHz)(tbsky150)

HFE/AOS/M1 - No sub 1 micron data

The aerosol size switching impactors were stuck in the sub 10 micron mode. So all aerosol 
is sub 10 um.

• Aerosol backwards-hemispheric light scattering coefficient, red channel, 1 um
  size cut, wet three wavelength nephelometer(Bbs_R_Wet_1um_Neph3W_2)
• Aerosol backwards-hemispheric light scattering coefficient, blue channel, 1 um
  size cut, wet three wavelength nephelometer(Bbs_B_Wet_1um_Neph3W_2)
• Aerosol backwards-hemispheric light scattering coefficient, green channel, 1 um
  size cut, wet three wavelength nephelometer(Bbs_G_Wet_1um_Neph3W_2)
• Aerosol total light scattering coefficient, red channel, 1 um size cut,
  reference three wavelength nephelometer(Bs_R_Dry_1um_Neph3W_1)
• Absorption Coefficient Red, corrected for flow and sample area, 3 wavelength
  PSAP, 1 um size cut(Ba_R_Dry_1um_PSAP3W_1)
• Aerosol total light scattering coefficient, red channel, 1 um size cut, wet
  three wavelength nephelometer(Bs_R_Wet_1um_Neph3W_2)
• Aerosol backwards-hemispheric light scattering coefficient, green channel, 1 um
  size cut, reference three wavelength nephelometer(Bbs_G_Dry_1um_Neph3W_1)
• Aerosol total light scattering coefficient, green channel, 1 um size cut, wet
  three wavelength nephelometer(Bs_G_Wet_1um_Neph3W_2)
• Aerosol total light scattering coefficient, blue channel, 1 um size cut, wet
  three wavelength nephelometer(Bs_B_Wet_1um_Neph3W_2)
• Aerosol total light scattering coefficient, blue channel, 1 um size cut,
  reference three wavelength nephelometer(Bs_B_Dry_1um_Neph3W_1)
• Aerosol total light scattering coefficient, green channel, 1 um size cut,
  reference three wavelength nephelometer(Bs_G_Dry_1um_Neph3W_1)
• Aerosol backwards-hemispheric light scattering coefficient, red channel, 1 um
  size cut, reference three wavelength nephelometer(Bbs_R_Dry_1um_Neph3W_1)
• Absorption Coefficient Green, corrected for flow and sample area, 3 wavelength
  PSAP, 1 um size cut(Ba_G_Dry_1um_PSAP3W_1)
• Absorption Coefficient Blue, corrected for flow and sample area, 3 wavelength
  PSAP, 1 um size cut(Ba_B_Dry_1um_PSAP3W_1)
• Aerosol backwards-hemispheric light scattering coefficient, blue channel, 1 um
  size cut, reference three wavelength nephelometer(Bbs_B_Dry_1um_Neph3W_1)
• Aerosol light absorption coefficient, green channel, 1 um size cut(Ba_G_Dry_1um_PSAP1W_1)

HFE/AOS/M1 - Humidifier failure

The humidifier either wasn't scanning or the wet nephelometer was flooded with water.

• Aerosol total light scattering coefficient, red channel, 1 um size cut, wet
  three wavelength nephelometer(Bs_R_Wet_1um_Neph3W_2)
• Aerosol total light scattering coefficient, green channel, 1 um size cut, wet
  three wavelength nephelometer(Bs_G_Wet_1um_Neph3W_2)
• Aerosol backwards-hemispheric light scattering coefficient, red channel, 10 um
  size cut, wet three wavelength nephelometer(Bbs_R_Wet_10um_Neph3W_2)
• Aerosol backwards-hemispheric light scattering coefficient, red channel, 1 um
  size cut, wet three wavelength nephelometer(Bbs_R_Wet_1um_Neph3W_2)
• Aerosol backwards-hemispheric light scattering coefficient, blue channel, 1 um
  size cut, wet three wavelength nephelometer(Bbs_B_Wet_1um_Neph3W_2)
• Aerosol total light scattering coefficient, blue channel, 1 um size cut, wet
  three wavelength nephelometer(Bs_B_Wet_1um_Neph3W_2)
• Aerosol total light scattering coefficient, green channel, 10 um size cut, wet
  three wavelength nephelometer(Bs_G_Wet_10um_Neph3W_2)
• Aerosol backwards-hemispheric light scattering coefficient, green channel, 1 um
  size cut, wet three wavelength nephelometer(Bbs_G_Wet_1um_Neph3W_2)
• Aerosol backwards-hemispheric light scattering coefficient, green channel, 10 um
  size cut, wet three wavelength nephelometer(Bbs_G_Wet_10um_Neph3W_2)
• Aerosol total light scattering coefficient, blue channel, 10 um size cut, wet
  three wavelength nephelometer(Bs_B_Wet_10um_Neph3W_2)
• Aerosol total light scattering coefficient, red channel, 10 um size cut, wet
  three wavelength nephelometer(Bs_R_Wet_10um_Neph3W_2)
• Aerosol backwards-hemispheric light scattering coefficient, blue channel, 10 um
  size cut, wet three wavelength nephelometer(Bbs_B_Wet_10um_Neph3W_2)

HFE/AOS/M1 - CPC data missing

The CPC wasn't installed until July 22nd when the mentor visited the site.

• Condensation Nuclei Concentration Number(N_CPC_1)

HFE/AOS/M1 - CCN missing

A power regulator on the CCN circuit board failed. The mentor replaced it and it was up 
and working on 7/25/2008.

• AOS CCN temperature at middle of column(CCN_T_TEC2)
• Size of upper limit of each CCN bin(CCN_UpperSizeLimit)
• AOS bin number of lowest channel of OPC include in summation of N_CCN(N_CCN_bin_number)
• AOS CCN temperature of the optical particle counter(CCN_T_OPC)
• AOS CCN volumetric flowrate of sample air(CCN_Q_sample)
• AOS CCN temperature of sample air at entrance to instrument(CCN_T_inlet)
• AOS CCN temperature of the nafion humidifier(CCN_T_nafion)
• AOS CCN temperature at bottom of column(CCN_T_TEC3)
• CCN Propotional valve voltage(CCN_ProportionalValveVoltage)
• AOS CCN sample pressure(CCN_P_sample)
• AOS CCN sample supersaturation calculated by model)(CCN_ss_calc)
• CCN temperature gradient(CCN_Temperature_Gradient)
• Hexadecimal flag, non-zero value means instrument is not operating stably(CCN_temp_unstable_flag)
• AOS CCN temperature of sample air entering the column(CCN_T_sample)
• AOS CCN volumetric flowrate of sheath air(CCN_Q_sheath)
• AOS CCN standard deviation of difference (CCN_T_TEC1 - CCN_T_TEC3)(CCN_dT_TEC3_TEC1_StdDev)
• First stage monitor voltage(CCN_FirstStageMonitorVoltage)
• AOS CCN temperature at top of column(CCN_T_TEC1)
• AOS CCN OPC laser current(CCN_laser_current)
• AOS number concentration of CCN(N_CCN)
• AOS CCN sample saturation setpoint value reported by instrument(CCN_ss_set)
• AOS CCN number concentration by bin(N_CCN_dN)

HFE/AOS/M1 - PSAP data missing

The PSAP was disconnected during this time period.

• Absorption Coefficient Red, corrected for flow and sample area, 3 wavelength
  PSAP, 1 um size cut(Ba_R_Dry_1um_PSAP3W_1)
• Aerosol light absorption coefficient, green channel, 10 um size cut(Ba_G_Dry_10um_PSAP1W_1)
• Absorption Coefficient Green, corrected for flow and sample area, 3 wavelength
  PSAP, 1 um size cut(Ba_G_Dry_1um_PSAP3W_1)
• Absorption Coefficient Blue, corrected for flow and sample area, 3 wavelength
  PSAP, 1 um size cut(Ba_B_Dry_1um_PSAP3W_1)
• Absorption Coefficient Green, corrected for flow and sample area, 3 wavelength
  PSAP, 10 um size cut(Ba_G_Dry_10um_PSAP3W_1)
• Aerosol light absorption coefficient, green channel, 1 um size cut(Ba_G_Dry_1um_PSAP1W_1)
• Absorption Coefficient Blue, corrected for flow and sample area, 3 wavelength
  PSAP, 10 um size cut(Ba_B_Dry_10um_PSAP3W_1)
• Absorption Coefficient Red, corrected for flow and sample area, 3 wavelength
  PSAP, 10 um size cut(Ba_R_Dry_10um_PSAP3W_1)

HFE/SKYRAD/M1 - IRT bias

The sky temperatures exhibited a positive bias compared to AERI, especially when < 230K. 
This is indicative of an incorrect emissivity setting (to compensate for the gold mirror) 
or a poor calibration. A similar problem with the same instrument occurred during the FKB 
deployment that was attributed to water vapor.

• Sky Infra Red Temperature Minima(sky_ir_temp_min)
• Sky Infra-Red Temperature(sky_ir_temp)
• Sky Infra Red Temperature Maxima(sky_ir_temp_max)

HFE/MWRHF/M1 - Frosting/Condensation

The heater module was installed on 6/4/2008. Before this time there is condensation on the 
window during night time and early morning. On 8/18 the heater appears to have failed 
and nighttime condensation re-occurred on the radome during conditions of high humidity.

Users can identify the segments affected by observing a smooth steady increase in the 
brightness temperature (BT). BT values can increase to more than 250 K and then smoothly 
decrease. The RH during these events is usually above 70%. Users should disregard data 
affected by condensation.

• Sky brightness temperature (150 GHz)(tbsky150)
• Sky brightness temperature (90 GHz)(tbsky90)

HFE/MWRHF/M1 - Calibration updates

The MWRHF calibration algorithm updates the calibration parameters every time a new 
successful tip curve is acquired. 

This results in small jumps (1-2 K) in the brightness temperatures each time calibration 
is updated. During times of frequent calibrations the data appear discontinuous with short 
data segments interrupted by small jumps.

• Sky brightness temperature (150 GHz)(tbsky150)
• Sky brightness temperature (90 GHz)(tbsky90)

HFE/MWRHF/M1 - Rain sensor failure

The rain sensor failed and the rain flag was always on.  When the rain flag is on the 
radiometer does not perform tip curves. The rain sensor was replaced 8/4.

• Rain flag(rain_flag)

HFE/MWRP/M1 - Reprocess: Bias in LWP retrievals

Since local radiosondes were not available, radiosondes from a different site were used to 
develop retrieval coefficients. LWP retrievals are biased in the summer months 
(June-September).  Data in May and December are not affected.

Additional analysis will be conducted to derive new retrieval coefficients and the data 
will be reprocessed.

• Retrieved liquid water path(liquidWaterPath)
• Retrieved liquid water path using only 23.835 and 30.0 GHz(liquidWaterPath2)

HFE/NFOV/M1 - Over-ranging data

The instrument was incorrectly installed with an incorrect range setting in the logger 
program.  The program for lamp calibrating the instrument was used, and not the operational 
program. The scale ranges are different, and this resulted in over-ranging conditions 
when the signal exceeded the upper end of the measurement scale.  Affected times are 
centered around solar noon, nominally +/- one-hour around solar noon.  This lasted until 
mid-Aug, when the highest signals were no longer exceeding the logger range.

• Raw counts from instrument before calibration, 870 nm(raw_counts_870nm)
• Calibrated Zenith Radiance, 870 nm(radiance_870nm)
• Raw counts from instrument before calibration, 673 nm(raw_counts_673nm)
• Calibrated Zenith Radiance, 673 nm(radiance_673nm)

HFE/MWRHF/M1 - Elevated noise in 150 GHz data

The noise level of the 150 GHz channel was about 4 times higher than expected, likely due 
to failure of the noise diode.  Disregard the 150 GHz data.

• Sky brightness temperature (150 GHz)(tbsky150)

HFE/MWR/M1 - Missing data

Data are missing and unrecoverable.

• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 31.4 GHz(tnd_nom31)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd23)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody(bb31)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 23.8 GHz(tc23)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 23.8 GHz(tnd_nom23)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• Averaged total liquid water along LOS path(liq)
• Mixer kinetic (physical) temperature(tkxc)
• (tknd)
• time(time)
• Sky brightness temperature at 23.8 GHz(tbsky23)
• lon(lon)
• Sky brightness temperature at 31.4 GHz(tbsky31)
• MWR column precipitable water vapor(vap)
• lat(lat)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 31.4 GHz(tc31)
• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)
• Blackbody kinetic temperature(tkbb)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(sky31)
• Sky Infra-Red Temperature(sky_ir_temp)
• Ambient temperature(tkair)
• 31.4 GHz blac2body+noise injection signal(bbn31)
• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(bb23)
• Dummy altitude for Zeb(alt)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn23)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(sky23)
• base time(base_time)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd31)

• 31.4 GHz goodness-of-fit coefficient(r31)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(tipsky31)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz derived from this tip(tnd23I)
• Mixer kinetic (physical) temperature(tkxc)
• 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature derived from tip curve(tbsky31tip)
• Ambient temperature(tkair)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 31.4 GHz(tnd_nom31)
• Actual Azimuth(actaz)
• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn23)
• time(time)
• Blackbody kinetic temperature(tkbb)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 23.8 GHz(tnd_nom23)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd31)
• Total water vapor along zenith path using tip-derived brightness temperatures(vaptip)
• 23.8 GHz goodness-of-fit coefficient(r23)
• Total liquid water along zenith path using tip-derived brightness temperatures(liqtip)
• 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature derived from tip curve(tbsky23tip)
• base time(base_time)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 23.8 GHz(tc23)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 31.4 GHz(tc31)
• lon(lon)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz derived from this tip(tnd31I)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody(bb31)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd23)
• 31.4 GHz blac2body+noise injection signal(bbn31)
• Dummy altitude for Zeb(alt)
• (tknd)
• Actual elevation angle(actel)
• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(bb23)
• lat(lat)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(tipsky23)