SGP/EBBR/E13 - Sensible and Latent Heat Fluxes Incorrect When Pressure Offscale

There were several half hours during this period when the pressure went offscale or at 
least to a high value, causing the sensible and latent heat fluxes to be incorrect.

• Atmospheric pressure(mv_pres)

• Retrieved pressure profile(pres)

• Retrieved pressure profile(pres)
• latent heat flux(e)
• h(h)

SGP/EBBR/E12 - Net Radiation, and Sensible and Latent Heat Fluxes Incorrect

Rain entered into the net radiometer through a broken top dome.  Most of the net radiation 
values during the period are much too large, thus sensible and latent fluxes are also 
too large.

• Net radiation(mv_q)

• net radiation(q)

• latent heat flux(e)
• net radiation(q)
• h(h)

SGP/EBBR/E13 - Soil Heat Flow #3 Large Negative

During this period Soil Heat Flow #3 was sometimes incorrect (large negative); during 
those times, sensible and latent heat fluxes and average soil heat flux were sometimes (but 
not always incorrect).

• Soil heat flow 3(mv_hft3)

• soil heat flow, site 3(g3)
• 5 cm soil heat flow, site 3(shf3)
• 5 cm soil heat flow corrected for soil moisture content, site 3(c_shf3)
• average surface soil heat flow(ave_shf)
• latent heat flux(e)
• h(h)

SGP/EBBR/E13 - Pressure and Sensible and Latent Heat Fluxes Incorrect

During spikes in pressure upwards or downwards the sensible and latent heat fluxes were 
incorrect.

• Atmospheric pressure(mv_pres)

• Retrieved pressure profile(pres)

• Retrieved pressure profile(pres)
• latent heat flux(e)
• h(h)

SGP/EBBR/E13 - Most Measurements Incorrect When Battery Voltage Too low

Most measurements were incorrect during this period because the battery voltage was below 
10.5 volts.

• Soil moisture 2(r_sm2)
• Soil heat flow 2(mv_hft2)
• Soil moisture 3(r_sm3)
• Soil heat flow 3(mv_hft3)
• Soil moisture 4(r_sm4)
• Wind direction (relative to true north)(mv_wind_d)
• Soil moisture 1(r_sm1)
• Home signal(mv_home)
• Temperature of right humidity sensor chamber(rr_thum_r)
• Left relative humidity(mv_hum_l)
• Soil moisture 5(r_sm5)
• Reference temperature(rr_tref)
• Net radiation(mv_q)
• Temperature of left humidity sensor chamber(rr_thum_l)
• scalar wind speed(wind_s)
• Soil heat flow 1(mv_hft1)
• Soil heat flow 4(mv_hft4)
• Soil temperature 3(rr_ts3)
• Soil temperature 4(rr_ts4)
• Soil temperature 5(rr_ts5)
• Right relative humidity(mv_hum_r)
• Soil heat flow 5(mv_hft5)
• Soil temperature 2(rr_ts2)
• Left air temperature(tair_l)
• Atmospheric pressure(mv_pres)
• Soil temperature 1(rr_ts1)
• Right air temperature(tair_r)

• Home signal(home)
• top air temperature(tair_top)
• Reference Thermistor Temperature(tref)
• bottom vapor pressure(vp_bot)
• Bottom humidity(hum_bot)
• Temperature of bottom humidity sensor chamber(thum_bot)
• net radiation(q)
• vector wind speed(res_ws)
• Temperature of the top humidity chamber(thum_top)
• top vapor pressure(vp_top)
• standard deviation of wind direction (sigma theta)(sigma_wd)
• wind direction (relative to true north)(wind_d)
• Retrieved pressure profile(pres)
• scalar wind speed(wind_s)
• Top humidity(hum_top)
• bottom air temperature(tair_bot)

• 0-5 cm change in soil heat storage with time, site 2(ces2)
• 5 cm soil heat flow corrected for soil moisture content, site 1(c_shf1)
• ratio of sensible/latent heat fluxes (Bowen ratio)(bowen)
• 0-5 cm change in soil heat storage with time, site 3(ces3)
• Soil heat capacity 4(cs4)
• average surface soil heat flow(ave_shf)
• 5 cm soil heat flow, site 4(shf4)
• top vapor pressure(vp_top)
• volumetric soil moisture, site 4(sm4)
• 0-5 cm change in soil heat storage with time, site 2(ces1)
• volumetric soil moisture, site 5(sm5)
• Exchange mechanism position indicator (0 to 15 min)(home_15)
• soil heat flow, site 3(g3)
• Reference Thermistor Temperature(tref)
• bottom air temperature(tair_bot)
• soil heat flow, site 2(g2)
• 0-5 cm integrated soil temperature, site 2(ts1)
• 5 cm soil heat flow corrected for soil moisture content, site 4(c_shf4)
• h(h)
• standard deviation of wind direction (sigma theta)(sigma_wd)
• volumetric soil moisture, site 2(sm2)
• 5 cm soil heat flow, site 1(shf1)
• scalar wind speed(wind_s)
• Top humidity(hum_top)
• top air temperature(tair_top)
• Exchange mechanism position indicator (15 to 30 min)(home_30)
• 5 cm soil heat flow corrected for soil moisture content, site 5(c_shf5)
• Soil heat capacity 3(cs3)
• 5 cm soil heat flow, site 2(shf2)
• 5 cm soil heat flow corrected for soil moisture content, site 3(c_shf3)
• wind direction (relative to true north)(wind_d)
• 5 cm soil heat flow corrected for soil moisture content, site 2(c_shf2)
• vector wind speed(res_ws)
• Bottom humidity(hum_bot)
• Retrieved pressure profile(pres)
• soil heat flow, site 1(g1)
• soil heat flow, site 4(g4)
• 0-5 cm integrated soil temperature, site 5(ts5)
• Soil heat capacity 2(cs2)
• bottom vapor pressure(vp_bot)
• Temperature of the top humidity chamber(thum_top)
• latent heat flux(e)
• Soil heat capacity 1(cs1)
• net radiation(q)
• volumetric soil moisture, site 3(sm3)
• 5 cm soil heat flow, site 3(shf3)
• volumetric soil moisture, site 1(sm1)
• Temperature of bottom humidity sensor chamber(thum_bot)
• 5 cm soil heat flow, site 5(shf5)
• 0-5 cm change in soil heat storage with time, site 4(ces4)
• 0-5 cm integrated soil temperature, site 2(ts2)
• soil heat flow, site 5(g5)
• 0-5 cm integrated soil temperature, site 3(ts3)
• 0-5 cm integrated soil temperature, site 4(ts4)
• Soil heat capacity 5(cs5)
• 0-5 cm change in soil heat storage with time, site 5(ces5)

SGP/EBBR/E4 - Soil Heat Flow #2 Incorrect at times

Soil Heat Flow #2 sometimes dropped to large negative values during daytime.

• 5 cm soil heat flow, site 2(shf2)
• 5 cm soil heat flow corrected for soil moisture content, site 2(c_shf2)
• h(h)
• soil heat flow, site 2(g2)
• average surface soil heat flow(ave_shf)
• latent heat flux(e)

• Soil heat flow 2(mv_hft2)

SGP/SMOS/E4 - Incorrect Offset for Wind Directon

An incorrect offset of 7 degrees was subtracted from the wind direction to correct for 
misalignment of the towers to true north. The wind direction data may be corrected but the 
vector averaged wind speed cannot. Subsequent audits have highlighted problems with past 
measurements of tower alignments.  All corrections to wind direction are being removed and 
Users are directed to view the Instrument Handbook for a table listing all tower 
alignment deviations from true north.  Users can adjust the data at their discretion.

• Wind Speed (vector averaged)(wspd_va)
• Unit Vector Wind Direction(wdir)

• Unit Vector Wind Direction(wdir)
• Wind Speed (vector averaged)(wspd_va)

SGP/SMOS/E7 - Incorrect Offset for Wind Directon

An incorrect offset of 6 degrees was subtracted from the wind direction to correct for 
misalignment of the towers to true north. The wind direction data may be corrected but the 
vector averaged wind speed cannot. Subsequent audits have highlighted problems with past 
measurements of tower alignments.  All corrections to wind direction are being removed and 
Users are directed to view the Instrument Handbook for a table listing all tower 
alignment deviations from true north.  Users can adjust the data at their discretion.

• Wind Speed (vector averaged)(wspd_va)
• Unit Vector Wind Direction(wdir)

• Wind Speed (vector averaged)(wspd_va)
• Unit Vector Wind Direction(wdir)

SGP/SMOS/E7 - Missing data

Data are missing and unrecoverable

• Maximum Relative Humidity(max_rh)
• Time of Maximum Wind Speed(time_max_wspd)
• Time of Maximum Vapor Pressure(time_max_vap_pres)
• Time of Maximum Temperature(time_max_temp)
• Time of Maximum Relative Humidity(time_max_rh)
• Maximum Barometric Pressure(max_bar_pres)
• Maximum Vapor Pressure(max_vap_pres)
• Time of Minimum Relative Humidity(time_min_rh)
• Minimum Snow Depth(min_snow_depth)
• Time of Maximum Barometric Pressure(time_max_bar_pres)
• Time of Minimum Barometric Pressure(time_min_bar_pres)
• Maximum Snow Depth(max_snow)
• Minimum Temperature(min_temp)
• lat(lat)
• Maximum Temperature(max_temp)
• Time of Minimum Snow Depth(time_min_snow)
• Dummy altitude for Zeb(alt)
• Minimum Relative Humidity(min_rh)
• Time of Maximum Snow Depth(time_max_snow)
• Time of Minimum Temperature(time_min_temp)
• maximum wind speed (gusts)(max_wspd)
• Time of Minimum Vapor Pressure(time_min_vap_pres)
• time(time)
• base time(base_time)
• lon(lon)
• Time of Minimum Wind Speed(time_min_wspd)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• Minimum Vapor Pressure(min_vap_pres)
• Minimum Barometric Pressure(min_bar_pres)
• Minimum of Wind speed(min_wspd)

• Unit Vector Wind Direction(wdir)
• Standard Deviation of Relative Humidity(sd_rh)
• Batter Voltage(vbat)
• Standard Deviation of Air Temperature(sd_temp)
• Vapor Pressure (kiloPascals)(vap_pres)
• lon(lon)
• Standard Deviation of Barometric Pressure(sd_bar_pres)
• base time(base_time)
• Relative humidity inside the instrument enclosure(rh)
• Hourly precipitation(precip)
• Snow Depth Sensor(snow_sen)
• lat(lat)
• Beam 0 Temperature(temp)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• Wind Speed (vector averaged)(wspd_va)
• Standard Deviation of Wind Speed(sd_wspd)
• Dummy altitude for Zeb(alt)
• Snow Depth(snow)
• Mean Wind Speed(wspd)
• barometric pressure(bar_pres)
• Standard Deviation of Vapor Pressure(sd_vap_pres)
• Standard Deviation of wind direction(sd_deg)

• Dummy altitude for Zeb(alt)
• Beam 0 Temperature(temp)
• Hourly precipitation(precip)
• lat(lat)
• Unit Vector Wind Direction(wdir)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• Mean Wind Speed(wspd)
• Vapor Pressure (kiloPascals)(vap_pres)
• Wind Speed (vector averaged)(wspd_va)
• barometric pressure(bar_pres)
• Relative humidity inside the instrument enclosure(rh)
• Standard Deviation of wind direction(sd_deg)
• base time(base_time)
• lon(lon)

SGP/SMOS/E8 - Missing Data

Data are missing and unrecoverable

• Minimum Snow Depth(min_snow_depth)
• time(time)
• Time of Maximum Snow Depth(time_max_snow)
• Time of Minimum Temperature(time_min_temp)
• Minimum Vapor Pressure(min_vap_pres)
• Time of Minimum Barometric Pressure(time_min_bar_pres)
• Time of Maximum Temperature(time_max_temp)
• Minimum Barometric Pressure(min_bar_pres)
• Maximum Vapor Pressure(max_vap_pres)
• Time of Maximum Vapor Pressure(time_max_vap_pres)
• Maximum Relative Humidity(max_rh)
• Maximum Temperature(max_temp)
• Time of Minimum Snow Depth(time_min_snow)
• Time of Maximum Barometric Pressure(time_max_bar_pres)
• Time of Maximum Relative Humidity(time_max_rh)
• Time of Minimum Vapor Pressure(time_min_vap_pres)
• Time of Minimum Wind Speed(time_min_wspd)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• Minimum of Wind speed(min_wspd)
• Minimum Temperature(min_temp)
• lon(lon)
• base time(base_time)
• Maximum Barometric Pressure(max_bar_pres)
• maximum wind speed (gusts)(max_wspd)
• Dummy altitude for Zeb(alt)
• lat(lat)
• Minimum Relative Humidity(min_rh)
• Time of Minimum Relative Humidity(time_min_rh)
• Maximum Snow Depth(max_snow)
• Time of Maximum Wind Speed(time_max_wspd)

• base time(base_time)
• Wind Speed (vector averaged)(wspd_va)
• Dummy altitude for Zeb(alt)
• Standard Deviation of Vapor Pressure(sd_vap_pres)
• Vapor Pressure (kiloPascals)(vap_pres)
• Standard Deviation of Barometric Pressure(sd_bar_pres)
• lon(lon)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• lat(lat)
• Snow Depth(snow)
• Standard Deviation of wind direction(sd_deg)
• Beam 0 Temperature(temp)
• Hourly precipitation(precip)
• Standard Deviation of Air Temperature(sd_temp)
• Standard Deviation of Wind Speed(sd_wspd)
• Mean Wind Speed(wspd)
• Snow Depth Sensor(snow_sen)
• Relative humidity inside the instrument enclosure(rh)
• Standard Deviation of Relative Humidity(sd_rh)
• Batter Voltage(vbat)
• Unit Vector Wind Direction(wdir)
• barometric pressure(bar_pres)

• Mean Wind Speed(wspd)
• lon(lon)
• Relative humidity inside the instrument enclosure(rh)
• Vapor Pressure (kiloPascals)(vap_pres)
• Standard Deviation of wind direction(sd_deg)
• Unit Vector Wind Direction(wdir)
• Hourly precipitation(precip)
• barometric pressure(bar_pres)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• Dummy altitude for Zeb(alt)
• Wind Speed (vector averaged)(wspd_va)
• lat(lat)
• Beam 0 Temperature(temp)
• base time(base_time)

SGP/SMOS/E9 - Missing Data

Data are missing and unrecoverable

• Wind Speed (vector averaged)(wspd_va)
• lat(lat)
• Hourly precipitation(precip)
• Dummy altitude for Zeb(alt)
• Snow Depth(snow)
• Standard Deviation of Barometric Pressure(sd_bar_pres)
• Batter Voltage(vbat)
• base time(base_time)
• Standard Deviation of Wind Speed(sd_wspd)
• Mean Wind Speed(wspd)
• Vapor Pressure (kiloPascals)(vap_pres)
• lon(lon)
• Standard Deviation of wind direction(sd_deg)
• Standard Deviation of Relative Humidity(sd_rh)
• Standard Deviation of Vapor Pressure(sd_vap_pres)
• Standard Deviation of Air Temperature(sd_temp)
• barometric pressure(bar_pres)
• Unit Vector Wind Direction(wdir)
• Relative humidity inside the instrument enclosure(rh)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• Beam 0 Temperature(temp)
• Snow Depth Sensor(snow_sen)

• Minimum of Wind speed(min_wspd)
• Time of Minimum Temperature(time_min_temp)
• Maximum Vapor Pressure(max_vap_pres)
• lat(lat)
• Time of Maximum Barometric Pressure(time_max_bar_pres)
• Minimum Barometric Pressure(min_bar_pres)
• Time of Maximum Temperature(time_max_temp)
• Time of Maximum Vapor Pressure(time_max_vap_pres)
• Maximum Relative Humidity(max_rh)
• Time of Minimum Vapor Pressure(time_min_vap_pres)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• Maximum Snow Depth(max_snow)
• Time of Minimum Wind Speed(time_min_wspd)
• Time of Minimum Barometric Pressure(time_min_bar_pres)
• Minimum Snow Depth(min_snow_depth)
• Time of Minimum Snow Depth(time_min_snow)
• base time(base_time)
• Minimum Temperature(min_temp)
• Time of Maximum Wind Speed(time_max_wspd)
• Time of Maximum Snow Depth(time_max_snow)
• Maximum Temperature(max_temp)
• Minimum Vapor Pressure(min_vap_pres)
• Time of Maximum Relative Humidity(time_max_rh)
• Minimum Relative Humidity(min_rh)
• Maximum Barometric Pressure(max_bar_pres)
• Time of Minimum Relative Humidity(time_min_rh)
• Dummy altitude for Zeb(alt)
• time(time)
• lon(lon)
• maximum wind speed (gusts)(max_wspd)

• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• Mean Wind Speed(wspd)
• lon(lon)
• Unit Vector Wind Direction(wdir)
• base time(base_time)
• Relative humidity inside the instrument enclosure(rh)
• Dummy altitude for Zeb(alt)
• barometric pressure(bar_pres)
• lat(lat)
• Hourly precipitation(precip)
• Standard Deviation of wind direction(sd_deg)
• Wind Speed (vector averaged)(wspd_va)
• Vapor Pressure (kiloPascals)(vap_pres)
• Beam 0 Temperature(temp)

SGP/SMOS/E11  - Missing Data

Data are missing and unrecoverable

• Wind Speed (vector averaged)(wspd_va)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• Hourly precipitation(precip)
• Relative humidity inside the instrument enclosure(rh)
• Dummy altitude for Zeb(alt)
• Standard Deviation of wind direction(sd_deg)
• barometric pressure(bar_pres)
• Vapor Pressure (kiloPascals)(vap_pres)
• lon(lon)
• Unit Vector Wind Direction(wdir)
• Beam 0 Temperature(temp)
• base time(base_time)
• Mean Wind Speed(wspd)
• lat(lat)

• Time of Minimum Wind Speed(time_min_wspd)
• Time of Minimum Vapor Pressure(time_min_vap_pres)
• Maximum Temperature(max_temp)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• Minimum Barometric Pressure(min_bar_pres)
• lon(lon)
• Time of Maximum Relative Humidity(time_max_rh)
• time(time)
• maximum wind speed (gusts)(max_wspd)
• Minimum Temperature(min_temp)
• Maximum Snow Depth(max_snow)
• Time of Maximum Wind Speed(time_max_wspd)
• Minimum of Wind speed(min_wspd)
• Time of Maximum Snow Depth(time_max_snow)
• Minimum Vapor Pressure(min_vap_pres)
• Time of Maximum Vapor Pressure(time_max_vap_pres)
• Maximum Relative Humidity(max_rh)
• Time of Minimum Snow Depth(time_min_snow)
• Maximum Vapor Pressure(max_vap_pres)
• Minimum Relative Humidity(min_rh)
• base time(base_time)
• Maximum Barometric Pressure(max_bar_pres)
• Minimum Snow Depth(min_snow_depth)
• lat(lat)
• Time of Minimum Temperature(time_min_temp)
• Time of Minimum Barometric Pressure(time_min_bar_pres)
• Time of Minimum Relative Humidity(time_min_rh)
• Time of Maximum Temperature(time_max_temp)
• Dummy altitude for Zeb(alt)
• Time of Maximum Barometric Pressure(time_max_bar_pres)

• Unit Vector Wind Direction(wdir)
• base time(base_time)
• Batter Voltage(vbat)
• Hourly precipitation(precip)
• Relative humidity inside the instrument enclosure(rh)
• Snow Depth(snow)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• Standard Deviation of Relative Humidity(sd_rh)
• Snow Depth Sensor(snow_sen)
• barometric pressure(bar_pres)
• Dummy altitude for Zeb(alt)
• Mean Wind Speed(wspd)
• Standard Deviation of Vapor Pressure(sd_vap_pres)
• Standard Deviation of Air Temperature(sd_temp)
• Standard Deviation of Wind Speed(sd_wspd)
• lon(lon)
• Standard Deviation of wind direction(sd_deg)
• Beam 0 Temperature(temp)
• Vapor Pressure (kiloPascals)(vap_pres)
• lat(lat)
• Wind Speed (vector averaged)(wspd_va)
• Standard Deviation of Barometric Pressure(sd_bar_pres)

SGP/SMOS/E13 - Missing Data

Data are missing and unrecoverable

• Time of Maximum Vapor Pressure(time_max_vap_pres)
• base time(base_time)
• Time of Maximum Barometric Pressure(time_max_bar_pres)
• lat(lat)
• time(time)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• Minimum of Wind speed(min_wspd)
• Time of Minimum Vapor Pressure(time_min_vap_pres)
• Minimum Temperature(min_temp)
• Time of Minimum Relative Humidity(time_min_rh)
• Minimum Barometric Pressure(min_bar_pres)
• Maximum Vapor Pressure(max_vap_pres)
• Time of Minimum Snow Depth(time_min_snow)
• Time of Maximum Temperature(time_max_temp)
• Time of Maximum Relative Humidity(time_max_rh)
• lon(lon)
• Time of Maximum Wind Speed(time_max_wspd)
• Minimum Snow Depth(min_snow_depth)
• Maximum Snow Depth(max_snow)
• maximum wind speed (gusts)(max_wspd)
• Maximum Relative Humidity(max_rh)
• Time of Minimum Temperature(time_min_temp)
• Time of Maximum Snow Depth(time_max_snow)
• Time of Minimum Wind Speed(time_min_wspd)
• Minimum Relative Humidity(min_rh)
• Dummy altitude for Zeb(alt)
• Maximum Temperature(max_temp)
• Minimum Vapor Pressure(min_vap_pres)
• Maximum Barometric Pressure(max_bar_pres)
• Time of Minimum Barometric Pressure(time_min_bar_pres)

• Vapor Pressure (kiloPascals)(vap_pres)
• Relative humidity inside the instrument enclosure(rh)
• base time(base_time)
• lon(lon)
• Mean Wind Speed(wspd)
• Standard Deviation of Air Temperature(sd_temp)
• Batter Voltage(vbat)
• Standard Deviation of Vapor Pressure(sd_vap_pres)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• lat(lat)
• Standard Deviation of wind direction(sd_deg)
• Snow Depth Sensor(snow_sen)
• Wind Speed (vector averaged)(wspd_va)
• Standard Deviation of Barometric Pressure(sd_bar_pres)
• Snow Depth(snow)
• Standard Deviation of Wind Speed(sd_wspd)
• Hourly precipitation(precip)
• Unit Vector Wind Direction(wdir)
• Standard Deviation of Relative Humidity(sd_rh)
• barometric pressure(bar_pres)
• Dummy altitude for Zeb(alt)
• Beam 0 Temperature(temp)

• lon(lon)
• Standard Deviation of wind direction(sd_deg)
• Wind Speed (vector averaged)(wspd_va)
• base time(base_time)
• Mean Wind Speed(wspd)
• barometric pressure(bar_pres)
• Relative humidity inside the instrument enclosure(rh)
• Unit Vector Wind Direction(wdir)
• Dummy altitude for Zeb(alt)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• lat(lat)
• Hourly precipitation(precip)
• Vapor Pressure (kiloPascals)(vap_pres)
• Beam 0 Temperature(temp)