TWP/SMET/C1 - Reprocess: Skewed wind direction 1 data

Wind direction 1 data is incorrect. 
Manus SMET wind direction for Wind-1 (upper unit) was apparently skewed
from its original position as a result of checking direction calibration. 

As near as we can tell the position of the sensor was rotated clockwise
Somewhere in the range of 45-90 degrees, most likely in steps 22.5 degrees.

Data comparison performed on 3-2-00, using a small amount of data from 
this instrument.

• Wind #1 direction standard deviation(wind1_dir_sd)
• Wind #1 direction vector average(wind1_dir_vec_avg)
• Wind #1 speed vector average(wind1_spd_vec_avg)

• null(Raw data stream - documentation not supported)

• Wind #1 direction vector average(wind1_dir_vec_avg)
• Wind #1 speed vector average(wind1_spd_vec_avg)
• Wind #1 direction standard deviation(wind1_dir_sd)

TWP/SMET/C1 - Wind Direction alignment method

During RESET10 we discovered a problem with wind direction from WIND1 (upper
anemometer).  During RESET8, WIND1 was corrected by rotating the alignment
ring instead of the anemometer.  This resulted in a better agreement between
the 2 anemometers, but is not the correct way to align an anemometer. The
alignment ring was readjusted for true north and the anemometer reset in
the proper slot (the original problem).

• Wind #1 direction standard deviation(wind1_dir_sd)
• Wind #1 direction vector average(wind1_dir_vec_avg)
• Wind #1 speed vector average(wind1_spd_vec_avg)

• null(Raw data stream - documentation not supported)

• Wind #1 direction vector average(wind1_dir_vec_avg)
• Wind #1 speed vector average(wind1_spd_vec_avg)
• Wind #1 direction standard deviation(wind1_dir_sd)

TWP/SMET/C1 - Incorrect calibration for ARCS1 Wind speed

On 23 OCT 99, during Reset 8, an incorrect slope of was entered for the 
upper, windspeed1, wind speed sensor resulting in a 1% overestimate of
the wind speed.  The correct calibration was entered on 1 APR 2000 during
RESET 10.

• Wind #1 speed standard deviation(wind1_spd_sd)
• Wind #1 speed arithmetic average(wind1_spd_arith_avg)
• Wind #1 speed maximum(wind1_spd_max)
• Wind #1 speed maximum gust(wind1_spd_max_gust)
• Wind #1 speed minimum(wind1_spd_min)
• Wind #1 speed vector average(wind1_spd_vec_avg)

• null(Raw data stream - documentation not supported)

• null(Raw data stream - documentation not supported)

• Wind #1 speed vector average(wind1_spd_vec_avg)
• Wind #1 speed maximum(wind1_spd_max)
• Wind #1 speed maximum gust(wind1_spd_max_gust)
• Wind #1 speed standard deviation(wind1_spd_sd)
• Wind #1 speed minimum(wind1_spd_min)
• Wind #1 speed arithmetic average(wind1_spd_arith_avg)

TWP/SMET/C1 - Periodic spikes in temperature and water vapor pressure

Beginning on 980212 (day #43) spikes began to occur in the surface
temperature and water vapor pressure.  These spikes occur approximately
once per hour (the spacing is very regular but occasionally an hour
is skipped).  In the one-minute averaged data, the temperature spike
lasts for only one minute and dips approximately 4-5 C below the actual
temperature.  The one-minute standard deviation is more dramatic, rising
from about 0.1 to about 35.  The one minute temperature minimum is the
most easily identifiable, each hour when the spike occurs, the minimum
is -245.84.  The vapor pressure mean jumps from about 30 to over 50 and
the standard deviation jumps from less than 1 to more than 200.  This
problem was fixed by the RESET team on 980501.

• Vapor pressure mean(vappress_mean)
• Temperature minimum(temp_min)
• Vapor pressure standard deviation(vappress_sd)
• Mean Air Temperature or Hardware Error(temp_mean)
• Std Dev of Air Temperature(temp_sd)
• Temperature maximum(temp_max)

• Temperature minimum(temp_min)
• Vapor pressure standard deviation(vappress_sd)
• Vapor pressure mean(vappress_mean)
• Std Dev of Air Temperature(temp_sd)
• Mean Air Temperature or Hardware Error(temp_mean)
• Temperature maximum(temp_max)

TWP/SMET/C1 - Elevated relative humidity

The relative humidity has been exceeding 100% with unusual regularity.
The most dramatic case occured on December 31 when the RH exceeded 100%
for 18 hours and exceeded 103.5% for 6 hours with a maximum value of
103.8%.  A PIF was submitted to propose changing this sensor. This change
occurred on August 12, 1999.

• Relative humidity minimum(relh_min)
• Std Dev of Relative Humidity or Hardware Error Code(relh_sd)
• Mean Relative Humidity(relh_mean)
• Relative humidity maximum(relh_max)

• Relative humidity minimum(relh_min)
• Relative humidity maximum(relh_max)
• Std Dev of Relative Humidity or Hardware Error Code(relh_sd)
• Mean Relative Humidity(relh_mean)

TWP/SMET/C1 - C1 TWP  Wind speed calibration factor problem/ Wind1

Wind speed calibration factors were reversed between wind speed sensor 1 and 2.
Results in less than 1% error, but correction factors may be used.

• Wind #1 speed standard deviation(wind1_spd_sd)
• Wind #1 speed maximum gust(wind1_spd_max_gust)
• Wind #1 speed arithmetic average(wind1_spd_arith_avg)
• Wind #1 speed maximum(wind1_spd_max)
• Wind #1 speed vector average(wind1_spd_vec_avg)
• Wind #1 speed minimum(wind1_spd_min)

• Wind #1 speed maximum gust(wind1_spd_max_gust)
• Wind #1 speed standard deviation(wind1_spd_sd)
• Wind #1 speed vector average(wind1_spd_vec_avg)
• Wind #1 speed maximum(wind1_spd_max)
• Wind #1 speed minimum(wind1_spd_min)
• Wind #1 speed arithmetic average(wind1_spd_arith_avg)

TWP/SMET/C1 - C1 SMET Incorrect wind speed calibration factors

Wind speed calibration factors were reversed between wind speed sensors 1 and 2.  Error 
results in less than a 1% error in wind speed.  A correction factor may be used.

• Wind #2 speed maximum gust(wind2_spd_max_gust)
• Wind #2 speed vector average(wind2_spd_vec_avg)
• Wind #2 speed maximum(wind2_spd_max)
• Wind #2 speed arithmetic average(wind2_spd_arith_avg)
• Wind #2 speed minimum(wind2_spd_min)
• Wind #2 speed standard deviation(wind2_spd_sd)

• Wind #2 speed minimum(wind2_spd_min)
• Wind #2 speed arithmetic average(wind2_spd_arith_avg)
• Wind #2 speed vector average(wind2_spd_vec_avg)
• Wind #2 speed standard deviation(wind2_spd_sd)
• Wind #2 speed maximum(wind2_spd_max)
• Wind #2 speed maximum gust(wind2_spd_max_gust)

TWP/C1 - Incorrect elevation reported in Manus Data

(From Bill Clements) We have been using 6m MSL as the station
elevation of Momote (Manus).  This was based on information
posted near the station barometer in the Momote Weather Service
Office.  It turns out that the official WMO station elevation
for Momote is 4m MSL and the upper air elevation is 5m MSL.

All Manus instruments except the sonde station are at 4m MSL.
The sonde launching station is at 5m MSL.

• Dummy altitude for Zeb(alt)

• Dummy altitude for Zeb(alt)

• Dummy altitude for Zeb(alt)

• Dummy altitude for Zeb(alt)

• Dummy altitude for Zeb(alt)

TWP/SMET/C1 - Negative rainfall rates

Due to limitations of the Zeno dataloggers all voltage measurements
from the optical rain gauge (ORG) were converted to rainfall rates. 
This resulted in negative values for rain rates.  Any value below 0.10 mm/hr should be 
considered to be 0 mm/hr.  New dataloggers 
alleviated this problem.  New loggers were installed 03/09/2004 @ 2243 GMT.

• Precipitation mean(precip_mean)
• Precipitation maximum(precip_max)
• Precipitation standard deviation(precip_sd)
• precipitation minimum(precip_min)

TWP/SMET/C1 - Reprocess: Barometric Data Changed from hPa to kPa

Barometric pressure data was converted from hPa to kPa in order to standardize the 
measurement units among ARM sites and to conform to accepted standard units determined by the 
scientific community.

• Barometric Pressure(atmos_pressure)

TWP/SMET/C1 - Reprocess: Tipping bucket rain gauge added

A tipping bucket rain gauge was added to the TWP.C1 SMET suite of instruments on 20061017. 
 Effective 20060926, two new variables (count and rain amount) were added to the end of 
the twpsmet60sC1.b1 datastream.  Between 9/26 and 10/17, the data for these two variables 
are filled with zeros.  Users should not use the data during this period as the zeros 
are not representative of the rain fall at the site.  When reprocessing of this datastream 
occurs these variables will be added for the 19961009-20060926 and data from 
19961009-20061017 will be filled with -9999 (missing).

• base time(base_time)

TWP/SMET/C1 - Surface pressure spike

A spike occured in the surface pressure.  The reported pressure rose as
high as 1300 hPa but returned to normal levels after 15 minutes.

• Barometric Pressure(atmos_pressure)

Calibration interruption at TWP Nauru

Occasional calibration interuption occured while calibration SMET instruments

• Battery Voltage(internal_voltage)
• base time(base_time)
• Wind #2 speed standard deviation(wind2_spd_sd)
• Logger panel temperature(logger_temp)
• lon(lon)
• External voltage(external_voltage)
• Std Dev of Relative Humidity or Hardware Error Code(relh_sd)
• lat(lat)
• Temperature maximum(temp_max)
• Precipitation mean(precip_mean)
• Std Dev of Air Temperature(temp_sd)
• precipitation minimum(precip_min)
• Relative humidity maximum(relh_max)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• Precipitation maximum(precip_max)
• Bit data. See details.(bit_data)
• Wind #2 direction standard deviation(wind2_dir_sd)
• Wind #1 speed standard deviation(wind1_spd_sd)
• Dummy altitude for Zeb(alt)
• Vapor pressure mean(vappress_mean)
• Wind #1 speed arithmetic average(wind1_spd_arith_avg)
• Wind #2 speed vector average(wind2_spd_vec_avg)
• Wind #2 speed minimum(wind2_spd_min)
• Precipitation standard deviation(precip_sd)
• GPS raw data filename(filename)
• Wind #1 direction vector average(wind1_dir_vec_avg)
• Wind #2 speed maximum gust(wind2_spd_max_gust)
• Wind #2 speed maximum(wind2_spd_max)
• Barometric Pressure(atmos_pressure)
• Relative humidity minimum(relh_min)
• Wind #1 speed maximum(wind1_spd_max)
• Vapor pressure standard deviation(vappress_sd)
• Mean Relative Humidity(relh_mean)
• Mean Air Temperature or Hardware Error(temp_mean)
• Wind #1 speed maximum gust(wind1_spd_max_gust)
• Wind #1 direction standard deviation(wind1_dir_sd)
• Wind #2 speed arithmetic average(wind2_spd_arith_avg)
• Temperature minimum(temp_min)
• Wind #2 direction vector average(wind2_dir_vec_avg)
• Wind #1 speed vector average(wind1_spd_vec_avg)
• Wind #1 speed minimum(wind1_spd_min)

• null(Raw data stream - documentation not supported)

• Wind #1 speed vector average(wind1_spd_vec_avg)
• Precipitation maximum(precip_max)
• Wind #1 direction standard deviation(wind1_dir_sd)
• Mean Air Temperature or Hardware Error(temp_mean)
• Dummy altitude for Zeb(alt)
• Temperature maximum(temp_max)
• Wind #2 speed vector average(wind2_spd_vec_avg)
• Wind #1 speed maximum(wind1_spd_max)
• Wind #1 speed maximum gust(wind1_spd_max_gust)
• Wind #2 direction standard deviation(wind2_dir_sd)
• Wind #1 speed standard deviation(wind1_spd_sd)
• Relative humidity minimum(relh_min)
• Std Dev of Relative Humidity or Hardware Error Code(relh_sd)
• Wind #1 speed minimum(wind1_spd_min)
• GPS raw data filename(filename)
• Logger panel temperature(logger_temp)
• Bit data. See details.(bit_data)
• Precipitation mean(precip_mean)
• base time(base_time)
• Temperature minimum(temp_min)
• Vapor pressure standard deviation(vappress_sd)
• Wind #2 speed maximum(wind2_spd_max)
• Barometric Pressure(atmos_pressure)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• Wind #1 direction vector average(wind1_dir_vec_avg)
• Wind #2 speed maximum gust(wind2_spd_max_gust)
• Precipitation standard deviation(precip_sd)
• Wind #1 speed arithmetic average(wind1_spd_arith_avg)
• Wind #2 speed minimum(wind2_spd_min)
• precipitation minimum(precip_min)
• Relative humidity maximum(relh_max)
• Vapor pressure mean(vappress_mean)
• Mean Relative Humidity(relh_mean)
• lon(lon)
• Std Dev of Air Temperature(temp_sd)
• Wind #2 direction vector average(wind2_dir_vec_avg)
• Wind #2 speed arithmetic average(wind2_spd_arith_avg)
• External voltage(external_voltage)
• Battery Voltage(internal_voltage)
• Wind #2 speed standard deviation(wind2_spd_sd)
• lat(lat)