DQRs for Session: 112447 User:sbiraudCompleted: 06-11-2008

Data Quality Reports for Session: 112447 User: sbiraud Completed: 06/11/2008

TABLE OF CONTENTS

DQR ID	Subject	Data Streams Affected
D010423.10	SGP/SIRS/E9 - Diffuse Pyranometer Thermal Offsets	sgpsirsE9.a0, sgpsirsE9.a1
D010423.2	SGP/SIRS/E1 - Diffuse Pyranometer Thermal Offsets	sgpsirsE1.a0, sgpsirsE1.a1
D010423.3	SGP/SIRS/E2 - Diffuse Pyranometer Thermal Offsets	sgpsirsE2.a0, sgpsirsE2.a1
D010423.4	SGP/SIRS/E3 - Diffuse Pyranometer Thermal Offsets	sgpsirsE3.a0, sgpsirsE3.a1
D010423.5	SGP/SIRS/E4 - Diffuse Pyranometer Thermal Offsets	sgpsirsE4.a0, sgpsirsE4.a1
D010423.6	SGP/SIRS/E5 - Diffuse Pyranometer Thermal Offsets	sgpsirsE5.a0, sgpsirsE5.a1
D010423.7	SGP/SIRS/E6 - Diffuse Pyranometer Thermal Offsets	sgpsirsE6.a0, sgpsirsE6.a1
D010423.8	SGP/SIRS/E7 - Diffuse Pyranometer Thermal Offsets	sgpsirsE7.a0, sgpsirsE7.a1
D010423.9	SGP/SIRS/E8 - Diffuse Pyranometer Thermal Offsets	sgpsirsE8.a0, sgpsirsE8.a1
D010430.11	SGP/SIRS/E7 - Tracking Problems	sgpsirsE7.a1
D020909.3	SGP/SIRS/E8 - Solar Tracker Failure	sgpsirsE8.a1

DQRID : D010423.10

Start Date	Start Time	End Date	End Time
02/07/1998	0215	02/13/2001	1540

Subject:	SGP/SIRS/E9 - Diffuse Pyranometer Thermal Offsets
DataStreams:	sgpsirsE9.a0, sgpsirsE9.a1
Description:	Broadband downwelling shortwave diffuse (sky) irradiance measurements available from SIRS during the period of this Data Quality Report (DQR), require adjustment for thermal offsets. These thermal, or ?zero? offsets refer to the generally reduced output signals from a shaded pyranometer due to the exchange of longwave (infrared) irradiance between the single black thermopile detector, the protective glass domes surrounding the detector, and the atmosphere. Originally considered an acceptable nighttime response of thermopile-type pyranometers, the generally negative bias is now recognized to significantly effect the accuracy of SIRS diffuse irradiance data during daylight periods. Studies of the Eppley Laboratory, Inc. Model PSP (Precision Spectral Pyranometer), used for the SIRS measurements of diffuse irradiance, suggest the thermal offset correction can range from near 0 to as much as 30 Watts per square meter, depending on the coincident net longwave, or infrared irradiance [1, 2]. Under very clear-sky conditions, the diffuse irradiance from a shaded PSP can be less than the minimum physical limit defined by radiative transfer model estimates based only on Rayleigh scattering effects. A correction method has been developed for adjusting SIRS diffuse irradiance data [3]. The resulting Value Added Product (VAP) will be applied to SIRS data for the period of this DQR. The VAP will not be applied to SIROS data collected before the instrument platform was converted to SIRS. Additionally, the Model PSP radiometer has been replaced by a Model 8-48 which uses a black and white thermopile detector known to reduce the thermal offset errors to less than 2 Watts per square meter [3]. The radiometer replacement at this SIRS location was completed on the ending date of this DQR. References: 1. Gulbrandsen, A., 1978: On the use of pyranometers in the study of spectral solar radiation and atmospheric aerosols. J. Appl. Meteorol., 17, 899-904. 2. Cess, R. D., X. Jing, T. Qian, and M. Sun, 1999: Validation strategies applied to the measurement of total, direct and diffuse shortwave radiation at the surface. J. Geophys. Res. 3. Dutton, E.G., J. Michalsky, T. Stoffel, B. Forgan, J. Hickey, D. Nelson, T. Alberta, and I. Reda, 2001: Measurement of Broadband Diffuse Solar Irradiance Using Current Commercial Instrumentation With a Correction for Thermal Offset Errors. J. Atmos. Oceanic Tech. Vol 18, No. 3, 297-314. (March 2001)
Measurements:	sgpsirsE9.a0: Shaded pyranometer voltage(short_diffuse) sgpsirsE9.a1: Downwelling Shortwave Hemispheric Irradiance, Pyranometer, Standard Deviation(down_short_diffuse_hemisp_std) Downwelling Shortwave Diffuse Hemispheric Irradiance, Ventilated Pyranometer, Maxima(down_short_diffuse_hemisp_max) Downwelling Shortwave Diffuse Hemispheric Irradiance, Ventilated Pyranometer(down_short_diffuse_hemisp) Downwelling Shortwave Diffuse Hemispheric Irradiance, Ventilated Pyranometer, Minima(down_short_diffuse_hemisp_min)

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DQRID : D010423.2

Start Date	Start Time	End Date	End Time
11/21/1997	0128	02/13/2001	2015

Subject:	SGP/SIRS/E1 - Diffuse Pyranometer Thermal Offsets
DataStreams:	sgpsirsE1.a0, sgpsirsE1.a1
Description:	Broadband downwelling shortwave diffuse (sky) irradiance measurements available from SIRS during the period of this Data Quality Report (DQR), require adjustment for thermal offsets. These thermal, or ?zero? offsets refer to the generally reduced output signals from a shaded pyranometer due to the exchange of longwave (infrared) irradiance between the single black thermopile detector, the protective glass domes surrounding the detector, and the atmosphere. Originally considered an acceptable nighttime response of thermopile-type pyranometers, the generally negative bias is now recognized to significantly effect the accuracy of SIRS diffuse irradiance data during daylight periods. Studies of the Eppley Laboratory, Inc. Model PSP (Precision Spectral Pyranometer), used for the SIRS measurements of diffuse irradiance, suggest the thermal offset correction can range from near 0 to as much as 30 Watts per square meter, depending on the coincident net longwave, or infrared irradiance [1, 2]. Under very clear-sky conditions, the diffuse irradiance from a shaded PSP can be less than the minimum physical limit defined by radiative transfer model estimates based only on Rayleigh scattering effects. A correction method has been developed for adjusting SIRS diffuse irradiance data [3]. The resulting Value Added Product (VAP) will be applied to SIRS data for the period of this DQR. The VAP will not be applied to SIROS data collected before the instrument platform was converted to SIRS. Additionally, the Model PSP radiometer has been replaced by a Model 8-48 which uses a black and white thermopile detector known to reduce the thermal offset errors to less than 2 Watts per square meter [3]. The radiometer replacement at this SIRS location was completed on the ending date of this DQR. References: 1. Gulbrandsen, A., 1978: On the use of pyranometers in the study of spectral solar radiation and atmospheric aerosols. J. Appl. Meteorol., 17, 899-904. 2. Cess, R. D., X. Jing, T. Qian, and M. Sun, 1999: Validation strategies applied to the measurement of total, direct and diffuse shortwave radiation at the surface. J. Geophys. Res. 3. Dutton, E.G., J. Michalsky, T. Stoffel, B. Forgan, J. Hickey, D. Nelson, T. Alberta, and I. Reda, 2001: Measurement of Broadband Diffuse Solar Irradiance Using Current Commercial Instrumentation With a Correction for Thermal Offset Errors. J. Atmos. Oceanic Tech. Vol 18, No. 3, 297-314. (March 2001)
Measurements:	sgpsirsE1.a0: Shaded pyranometer voltage(short_diffuse) sgpsirsE1.a1: Downwelling Shortwave Diffuse Hemispheric Irradiance, Ventilated Pyranometer, Maxima(down_short_diffuse_hemisp_max) Downwelling Shortwave Diffuse Hemispheric Irradiance, Ventilated Pyranometer(down_short_diffuse_hemisp) Downwelling Shortwave Hemispheric Irradiance, Pyranometer, Standard Deviation(down_short_diffuse_hemisp_std) Downwelling Shortwave Diffuse Hemispheric Irradiance, Ventilated Pyranometer, Minima(down_short_diffuse_hemisp_min)

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DQRID : D010423.3

Start Date	Start Time	End Date	End Time
11/06/1997	1225	02/15/2001	1547

Subject:	SGP/SIRS/E2 - Diffuse Pyranometer Thermal Offsets
DataStreams:	sgpsirsE2.a0, sgpsirsE2.a1
Description:	Broadband downwelling shortwave diffuse (sky) irradiance measurements available from SIRS during the period of this Data Quality Report (DQR), require adjustment for thermal offsets. These thermal, or ?zero? offsets refer to the generally reduced output signals from a shaded pyranometer due to the exchange of longwave (infrared) irradiance between the single black thermopile detector, the protective glass domes surrounding the detector, and the atmosphere. Originally considered an acceptable nighttime response of thermopile-type pyranometers, the generally negative bias is now recognized to significantly effect the accuracy of SIRS diffuse irradiance data during daylight periods. Studies of the Eppley Laboratory, Inc. Model PSP (Precision Spectral Pyranometer), used for the SIRS measurements of diffuse irradiance, suggest the thermal offset correction can range from near 0 to as much as 30 Watts per square meter, depending on the coincident net longwave, or infrared irradiance [1, 2]. Under very clear-sky conditions, the diffuse irradiance from a shaded PSP can be less than the minimum physical limit defined by radiative transfer model estimates based only on Rayleigh scattering effects. A correction method has been developed for adjusting SIRS diffuse irradiance data [3]. The resulting Value Added Product (VAP) will be applied to SIRS data for the period of this DQR. The VAP will not be applied to SIROS data collected before the instrument platform was converted to SIRS. Additionally, the Model PSP radiometer has been replaced by a Model 8-48 which uses a black and white thermopile detector known to reduce the thermal offset errors to less than 2 Watts per square meter [3]. The radiometer replacement at this SIRS location was completed on the ending date of this DQR. References: 1. Gulbrandsen, A., 1978: On the use of pyranometers in the study of spectral solar radiation and atmospheric aerosols. J. Appl. Meteorol., 17, 899-904. 2. Cess, R. D., X. Jing, T. Qian, and M. Sun, 1999: Validation strategies applied to the measurement of total, direct and diffuse shortwave radiation at the surface. J. Geophys. Res. 3. Dutton, E.G., J. Michalsky, T. Stoffel, B. Forgan, J. Hickey, D. Nelson, T. Alberta, and I. Reda, 2001: Measurement of Broadband Diffuse Solar Irradiance Using Current Commercial Instrumentation With a Correction for Thermal Offset Errors. J. Atmos. Oceanic Tech. Vol 18, No. 3, 297-314. (March 2001)
Measurements:	sgpsirsE2.a0: Shaded pyranometer voltage(short_diffuse) sgpsirsE2.a1: Downwelling Shortwave Diffuse Hemispheric Irradiance, Ventilated Pyranometer(down_short_diffuse_hemisp) Downwelling Shortwave Hemispheric Irradiance, Pyranometer, Standard Deviation(down_short_diffuse_hemisp_std) Downwelling Shortwave Diffuse Hemispheric Irradiance, Ventilated Pyranometer, Minima(down_short_diffuse_hemisp_min) Downwelling Shortwave Diffuse Hemispheric Irradiance, Ventilated Pyranometer, Maxima(down_short_diffuse_hemisp_max)

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DQRID : D010423.4

Start Date	Start Time	End Date	End Time
11/04/1997	0000	02/14/2001	1930

Subject:	SGP/SIRS/E3 - Diffuse Pyranometer Thermal Offsets
DataStreams:	sgpsirsE3.a0, sgpsirsE3.a1
Description:	Broadband downwelling shortwave diffuse (sky) irradiance measurements available from SIRS during the period of this Data Quality Report (DQR), require adjustment for thermal offsets. These thermal, or ?zero? offsets refer to the generally reduced output signals from a shaded pyranometer due to the exchange of longwave (infrared) irradiance between the single black thermopile detector, the protective glass domes surrounding the detector, and the atmosphere. Originally considered an acceptable nighttime response of thermopile-type pyranometers, the generally negative bias is now recognized to significantly effect the accuracy of SIRS diffuse irradiance data during daylight periods. Studies of the Eppley Laboratory, Inc. Model PSP (Precision Spectral Pyranometer), used for the SIRS measurements of diffuse irradiance, suggest the thermal offset correction can range from near 0 to as much as 30 Watts per square meter, depending on the coincident net longwave, or infrared irradiance [1, 2]. Under very clear-sky conditions, the diffuse irradiance from a shaded PSP can be less than the minimum physical limit defined by radiative transfer model estimates based only on Rayleigh scattering effects. A correction method has been developed for adjusting SIRS diffuse irradiance data [3]. The resulting Value Added Product (VAP) will be applied to SIRS data for the period of this DQR. The VAP will not be applied to SIROS data collected before the instrument platform was converted to SIRS. Additionally, the Model PSP radiometer has been replaced by a Model 8-48 which uses a black and white thermopile detector known to reduce the thermal offset errors to less than 2 Watts per square meter [3]. The radiometer replacement at this SIRS location was completed on the ending date of this DQR. References: 1. Gulbrandsen, A., 1978: On the use of pyranometers in the study of spectral solar radiation and atmospheric aerosols. J. Appl. Meteorol., 17, 899-904. 2. Cess, R. D., X. Jing, T. Qian, and M. Sun, 1999: Validation strategies applied to the measurement of total, direct and diffuse shortwave radiation at the surface. J. Geophys. Res. 3. Dutton, E.G., J. Michalsky, T. Stoffel, B. Forgan, J. Hickey, D. Nelson, T. Alberta, and I. Reda, 2001: Measurement of Broadband Diffuse Solar Irradiance Using Current Commercial Instrumentation With a Correction for Thermal Offset Errors. J. Atmos. Oceanic Tech. Vol 18, No. 3, 297-314. (March 2001)
Measurements:	sgpsirsE3.a1: Downwelling Shortwave Diffuse Hemispheric Irradiance, Ventilated Pyranometer, Minima(down_short_diffuse_hemisp_min) Downwelling Shortwave Hemispheric Irradiance, Pyranometer, Standard Deviation(down_short_diffuse_hemisp_std) Downwelling Shortwave Diffuse Hemispheric Irradiance, Ventilated Pyranometer, Maxima(down_short_diffuse_hemisp_max) Downwelling Shortwave Diffuse Hemispheric Irradiance, Ventilated Pyranometer(down_short_diffuse_hemisp) sgpsirsE3.a0: Shaded pyranometer voltage(short_diffuse)

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DQRID : D010423.5

Start Date	Start Time	End Date	End Time
11/10/1997	1202	02/14/2001	1510

Subject:	SGP/SIRS/E4 - Diffuse Pyranometer Thermal Offsets
DataStreams:	sgpsirsE4.a0, sgpsirsE4.a1
Description:	Broadband downwelling shortwave diffuse (sky) irradiance measurements available from SIRS during the period of this Data Quality Report (DQR), require adjustment for thermal offsets. These thermal, or ?zero? offsets refer to the generally reduced output signals from a shaded pyranometer due to the exchange of longwave (infrared) irradiance between the single black thermopile detector, the protective glass domes surrounding the detector, and the atmosphere. Originally considered an acceptable nighttime response of thermopile-type pyranometers, the generally negative bias is now recognized to significantly effect the accuracy of SIRS diffuse irradiance data during daylight periods. Studies of the Eppley Laboratory, Inc. Model PSP (Precision Spectral Pyranometer), used for the SIRS measurements of diffuse irradiance, suggest the thermal offset correction can range from near 0 to as much as 30 Watts per square meter, depending on the coincident net longwave, or infrared irradiance [1, 2]. Under very clear-sky conditions, the diffuse irradiance from a shaded PSP can be less than the minimum physical limit defined by radiative transfer model estimates based only on Rayleigh scattering effects. A correction method has been developed for adjusting SIRS diffuse irradiance data [3]. The resulting Value Added Product (VAP) will be applied to SIRS data for the period of this DQR. The VAP will not be applied to SIROS data collected before the instrument platform was converted to SIRS. Additionally, the Model PSP radiometer has been replaced by a Model 8-48 which uses a black and white thermopile detector known to reduce the thermal offset errors to less than 2 Watts per square meter [3]. The radiometer replacement at this SIRS location was completed on the ending date of this DQR. References: 1. Gulbrandsen, A., 1978: On the use of pyranometers in the study of spectral solar radiation and atmospheric aerosols. J. Appl. Meteorol., 17, 899-904. 2. Cess, R. D., X. Jing, T. Qian, and M. Sun, 1999: Validation strategies applied to the measurement of total, direct and diffuse shortwave radiation at the surface. J. Geophys. Res. 3. Dutton, E.G., J. Michalsky, T. Stoffel, B. Forgan, J. Hickey, D. Nelson, T. Alberta, and I. Reda, 2001: Measurement of Broadband Diffuse Solar Irradiance Using Current Commercial Instrumentation With a Correction for Thermal Offset Errors. J. Atmos. Oceanic Tech. Vol 18, No. 3, 297-314. (March 2001)
Measurements:	sgpsirsE4.a0: Shaded pyranometer voltage(short_diffuse) sgpsirsE4.a1: Downwelling Shortwave Diffuse Hemispheric Irradiance, Ventilated Pyranometer(down_short_diffuse_hemisp) Downwelling Shortwave Hemispheric Irradiance, Pyranometer, Standard Deviation(down_short_diffuse_hemisp_std) Downwelling Shortwave Diffuse Hemispheric Irradiance, Ventilated Pyranometer, Maxima(down_short_diffuse_hemisp_max) Downwelling Shortwave Diffuse Hemispheric Irradiance, Ventilated Pyranometer, Minima(down_short_diffuse_hemisp_min)

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DQRID : D010423.6

Start Date	Start Time	End Date	End Time
12/18/1997	0142	02/14/2001	1945

Subject:	SGP/SIRS/E5 - Diffuse Pyranometer Thermal Offsets
DataStreams:	sgpsirsE5.a0, sgpsirsE5.a1
Description:	Broadband downwelling shortwave diffuse (sky) irradiance measurements available from SIRS during the period of this Data Quality Report (DQR), require adjustment for thermal offsets. These thermal, or ?zero? offsets refer to the generally reduced output signals from a shaded pyranometer due to the exchange of longwave (infrared) irradiance between the single black thermopile detector, the protective glass domes surrounding the detector, and the atmosphere. Originally considered an acceptable nighttime response of thermopile-type pyranometers, the generally negative bias is now recognized to significantly effect the accuracy of SIRS diffuse irradiance data during daylight periods. Studies of the Eppley Laboratory, Inc. Model PSP (Precision Spectral Pyranometer), used for the SIRS measurements of diffuse irradiance, suggest the thermal offset correction can range from near 0 to as much as 30 Watts per square meter, depending on the coincident net longwave, or infrared irradiance [1, 2]. Under very clear-sky conditions, the diffuse irradiance from a shaded PSP can be less than the minimum physical limit defined by radiative transfer model estimates based only on Rayleigh scattering effects. A correction method has been developed for adjusting SIRS diffuse irradiance data [3]. The resulting Value Added Product (VAP) will be applied to SIRS data for the period of this DQR. The VAP will not be applied to SIROS data collected before the instrument platform was converted to SIRS. Additionally, the Model PSP radiometer has been replaced by a Model 8-48 which uses a black and white thermopile detector known to reduce the thermal offset errors to less than 2 Watts per square meter [3]. The radiometer replacement at this SIRS location was completed on the ending date of this DQR. References: 1. Gulbrandsen, A., 1978: On the use of pyranometers in the study of spectral solar radiation and atmospheric aerosols. J. Appl. Meteorol., 17, 899-904. 2. Cess, R. D., X. Jing, T. Qian, and M. Sun, 1999: Validation strategies applied to the measurement of total, direct and diffuse shortwave radiation at the surface. J. Geophys. Res. 3. Dutton, E.G., J. Michalsky, T. Stoffel, B. Forgan, J. Hickey, D. Nelson, T. Alberta, and I. Reda, 2001: Measurement of Broadband Diffuse Solar Irradiance Using Current Commercial Instrumentation With a Correction for Thermal Offset Errors. J. Atmos. Oceanic Tech. Vol 18, No. 3, 297-314. (March 2001)
Measurements:	sgpsirsE5.a1: Downwelling Shortwave Diffuse Hemispheric Irradiance, Ventilated Pyranometer, Maxima(down_short_diffuse_hemisp_max) Downwelling Shortwave Hemispheric Irradiance, Pyranometer, Standard Deviation(down_short_diffuse_hemisp_std) Downwelling Shortwave Diffuse Hemispheric Irradiance, Ventilated Pyranometer(down_short_diffuse_hemisp) Downwelling Shortwave Diffuse Hemispheric Irradiance, Ventilated Pyranometer, Minima(down_short_diffuse_hemisp_min) sgpsirsE5.a0: Shaded pyranometer voltage(short_diffuse)

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DQRID : D010423.7

Start Date	Start Time	End Date	End Time
11/05/1997	0000	02/15/2001	1530

Subject:	SGP/SIRS/E6 - Diffuse Pyranometer Thermal Offsets
DataStreams:	sgpsirsE6.a0, sgpsirsE6.a1
Description:	Broadband downwelling shortwave diffuse (sky) irradiance measurements available from SIRS during the period of this Data Quality Report (DQR), require adjustment for thermal offsets. These thermal, or ?zero? offsets refer to the generally reduced output signals from a shaded pyranometer due to the exchange of longwave (infrared) irradiance between the single black thermopile detector, the protective glass domes surrounding the detector, and the atmosphere. Originally considered an acceptable nighttime response of thermopile-type pyranometers, the generally negative bias is now recognized to significantly effect the accuracy of SIRS diffuse irradiance data during daylight periods. Studies of the Eppley Laboratory, Inc. Model PSP (Precision Spectral Pyranometer), used for the SIRS measurements of diffuse irradiance, suggest the thermal offset correction can range from near 0 to as much as 30 Watts per square meter, depending on the coincident net longwave, or infrared irradiance [1, 2]. Under very clear-sky conditions, the diffuse irradiance from a shaded PSP can be less than the minimum physical limit defined by radiative transfer model estimates based only on Rayleigh scattering effects. A correction method has been developed for adjusting SIRS diffuse irradiance data [3]. The resulting Value Added Product (VAP) will be applied to SIRS data for the period of this DQR. The VAP will not be applied to SIROS data collected before the instrument platform was converted to SIRS. Additionally, the Model PSP radiometer has been replaced by a Model 8-48 which uses a black and white thermopile detector known to reduce the thermal offset errors to less than 2 Watts per square meter [3]. The radiometer replacement at this SIRS location was completed on the ending date of this DQR. References: 1. Gulbrandsen, A., 1978: On the use of pyranometers in the study of spectral solar radiation and atmospheric aerosols. J. Appl. Meteorol., 17, 899-904. 2. Cess, R. D., X. Jing, T. Qian, and M. Sun, 1999: Validation strategies applied to the measurement of total, direct and diffuse shortwave radiation at the surface. J. Geophys. Res. 3. Dutton, E.G., J. Michalsky, T. Stoffel, B. Forgan, J. Hickey, D. Nelson, T. Alberta, and I. Reda, 2001: Measurement of Broadband Diffuse Solar Irradiance Using Current Commercial Instrumentation With a Correction for Thermal Offset Errors. J. Atmos. Oceanic Tech. Vol 18, No. 3, 297-314. (March 2001)
Measurements:	sgpsirsE6.a0: Shaded pyranometer voltage(short_diffuse) sgpsirsE6.a1: Downwelling Shortwave Hemispheric Irradiance, Pyranometer, Standard Deviation(down_short_diffuse_hemisp_std) Downwelling Shortwave Diffuse Hemispheric Irradiance, Ventilated Pyranometer, Maxima(down_short_diffuse_hemisp_max) Downwelling Shortwave Diffuse Hemispheric Irradiance, Ventilated Pyranometer(down_short_diffuse_hemisp) Downwelling Shortwave Diffuse Hemispheric Irradiance, Ventilated Pyranometer, Minima(down_short_diffuse_hemisp_min)

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DQRID : D010423.8

Start Date	Start Time	End Date	End Time
10/31/1997	0227	02/13/2001	1925

Subject:	SGP/SIRS/E7 - Diffuse Pyranometer Thermal Offsets
DataStreams:	sgpsirsE7.a0, sgpsirsE7.a1
Description:	Broadband downwelling shortwave diffuse (sky) irradiance measurements available from SIRS during the period of this Data Quality Report (DQR), require adjustment for thermal offsets. These thermal, or ?zero? offsets refer to the generally reduced output signals from a shaded pyranometer due to the exchange of longwave (infrared) irradiance between the single black thermopile detector, the protective glass domes surrounding the detector, and the atmosphere. Originally considered an acceptable nighttime response of thermopile-type pyranometers, the generally negative bias is now recognized to significantly effect the accuracy of SIRS diffuse irradiance data during daylight periods. Studies of the Eppley Laboratory, Inc. Model PSP (Precision Spectral Pyranometer), used for the SIRS measurements of diffuse irradiance, suggest the thermal offset correction can range from near 0 to as much as 30 Watts per square meter, depending on the coincident net longwave, or infrared irradiance [1, 2]. Under very clear-sky conditions, the diffuse irradiance from a shaded PSP can be less than the minimum physical limit defined by radiative transfer model estimates based only on Rayleigh scattering effects. A correction method has been developed for adjusting SIRS diffuse irradiance data [3]. The resulting Value Added Product (VAP) will be applied to SIRS data for the period of this DQR. The VAP will not be applied to SIROS data collected before the instrument platform was converted to SIRS. Additionally, the Model PSP radiometer has been replaced by a Model 8-48 which uses a black and white thermopile detector known to reduce the thermal offset errors to less than 2 Watts per square meter [3]. The radiometer replacement at this SIRS location was completed on the ending date of this DQR. References: 1. Gulbrandsen, A., 1978: On the use of pyranometers in the study of spectral solar radiation and atmospheric aerosols. J. Appl. Meteorol., 17, 899-904. 2. Cess, R. D., X. Jing, T. Qian, and M. Sun, 1999: Validation strategies applied to the measurement of total, direct and diffuse shortwave radiation at the surface. J. Geophys. Res. 3. Dutton, E.G., J. Michalsky, T. Stoffel, B. Forgan, J. Hickey, D. Nelson, T. Alberta, and I. Reda, 2001: Measurement of Broadband Diffuse Solar Irradiance Using Current Commercial Instrumentation With a Correction for Thermal Offset Errors. J. Atmos. Oceanic Tech. Vol 18, No. 3, 297-314. (March 2001)
Measurements:	sgpsirsE7.a0: Shaded pyranometer voltage(short_diffuse) sgpsirsE7.a1: Downwelling Shortwave Diffuse Hemispheric Irradiance, Ventilated Pyranometer, Minima(down_short_diffuse_hemisp_min) Downwelling Shortwave Diffuse Hemispheric Irradiance, Ventilated Pyranometer(down_short_diffuse_hemisp) Downwelling Shortwave Diffuse Hemispheric Irradiance, Ventilated Pyranometer, Maxima(down_short_diffuse_hemisp_max) Downwelling Shortwave Hemispheric Irradiance, Pyranometer, Standard Deviation(down_short_diffuse_hemisp_std)

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DQRID : D010423.9

Start Date	Start Time	End Date	End Time
08/21/1997	0700	02/13/2001	1815

Subject:	SGP/SIRS/E8 - Diffuse Pyranometer Thermal Offsets
DataStreams:	sgpsirsE8.a0, sgpsirsE8.a1
Description:	Broadband downwelling shortwave diffuse (sky) irradiance measurements available from SIRS during the period of this Data Quality Report (DQR), require adjustment for thermal offsets. These thermal, or ?zero? offsets refer to the generally reduced output signals from a shaded pyranometer due to the exchange of longwave (infrared) irradiance between the single black thermopile detector, the protective glass domes surrounding the detector, and the atmosphere. Originally considered an acceptable nighttime response of thermopile-type pyranometers, the generally negative bias is now recognized to significantly effect the accuracy of SIRS diffuse irradiance data during daylight periods. Studies of the Eppley Laboratory, Inc. Model PSP (Precision Spectral Pyranometer), used for the SIRS measurements of diffuse irradiance, suggest the thermal offset correction can range from near 0 to as much as 30 Watts per square meter, depending on the coincident net longwave, or infrared irradiance [1, 2]. Under very clear-sky conditions, the diffuse irradiance from a shaded PSP can be less than the minimum physical limit defined by radiative transfer model estimates based only on Rayleigh scattering effects. A correction method has been developed for adjusting SIRS diffuse irradiance data [3]. The resulting Value Added Product (VAP) will be applied to SIRS data for the period of this DQR. The VAP will not be applied to SIROS data collected before the instrument platform was converted to SIRS. Additionally, the Model PSP radiometer has been replaced by a Model 8-48 which uses a black and white thermopile detector known to reduce the thermal offset errors to less than 2 Watts per square meter [3]. The radiometer replacement at this SIRS location was completed on the ending date of this DQR. References: 1. Gulbrandsen, A., 1978: On the use of pyranometers in the study of spectral solar radiation and atmospheric aerosols. J. Appl. Meteorol., 17, 899-904. 2. Cess, R. D., X. Jing, T. Qian, and M. Sun, 1999: Validation strategies applied to the measurement of total, direct and diffuse shortwave radiation at the surface. J. Geophys. Res. 3. Dutton, E.G., J. Michalsky, T. Stoffel, B. Forgan, J. Hickey, D. Nelson, T. Alberta, and I. Reda, 2001: Measurement of Broadband Diffuse Solar Irradiance Using Current Commercial Instrumentation With a Correction for Thermal Offset Errors. J. Atmos. Oceanic Tech. Vol 18, No. 3, 297-314. (March 2001)
Measurements:	sgpsirsE8.a1: Downwelling Shortwave Hemispheric Irradiance, Pyranometer, Standard Deviation(down_short_diffuse_hemisp_std) Downwelling Shortwave Diffuse Hemispheric Irradiance, Ventilated Pyranometer(down_short_diffuse_hemisp) Downwelling Shortwave Diffuse Hemispheric Irradiance, Ventilated Pyranometer, Maxima(down_short_diffuse_hemisp_max) Downwelling Shortwave Diffuse Hemispheric Irradiance, Ventilated Pyranometer, Minima(down_short_diffuse_hemisp_min) sgpsirsE8.a0: Shaded pyranometer voltage(short_diffuse)

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DQRID : D010430.11

Start Date	Start Time	End Date	End Time
09/10/2000	0000	10/10/2000	2359

Subject:	SGP/SIRS/E7 - Tracking Problems
DataStreams:	sgpsirsE7.a1
Description:	Nip off the solar disk, diffuse has become completely unshaded, per Karen Sonntag.
Measurements:	sgpsirsE7.a1: Downwelling Shortwave Hemispheric Irradiance, Ventilated Pyranometer, Standard Deviation(down_short_hemisp_std) Upwelling (10 meter) Longwave Hemispheric Irradiance, Pyrgeometer, Maxima(up_long_hemisp_max) Downwelling Shortwave Diffuse Hemispheric Irradiance, Ventilated Pyranometer(down_short_diffuse_hemisp) Upwelling (10 meter) Shortwave Hemispheric Irradiance, Pyranometer, Minima(up_short_hemisp_min) Shortwave Direct Normal Irradiance, Pyrgeometer, Maxima(short_direct_normal_max) Upwelling (10 meter) Longwave Hemispheric Irradiance, Pyrgeometer, Standard Deviation(up_long_hemisp_std) Shortwave Direct Normal Irradiance, Pyrgeometer, Minima(short_direct_normal_min) Upwelling (10 meter) Longwave Hemispheric Irradiance, Pyrgeometer, Minima(up_long_hemisp_min) Downwelling Longwave Hemispheric Irradiance, Ventilated Pyrgeometer, Standard Deviation(down_long_hemisp_std) Downwelling Shortwave Diffuse Hemispheric Irradiance, Ventilated Pyranometer, Minima(down_short_diffuse_hemisp_min) Upwelling (10 meter) Shortwave Hemispheric Irradiance, Pyranometer(up_short_hemisp) Shortwave Direct Normal Irradiance, Pyrgeometer(short_direct_normal) Upwelling (10 meter) Shortwave Hemispheric Irradiance, Pyranometer, Maxima(up_short_hemisp_max) Down-welling pyrgeometer thermopile voltage(down_long_hemisp) Downwelling Shortwave Diffuse Hemispheric Irradiance, Ventilated Pyranometer, Maxima(down_short_diffuse_hemisp_max) Downwelling Longwave Hemispheric Irradiance, Ventilated Pyrgeometer, Maxima(down_long_hemisp_max) Downwelling Shortwave Hemispheric Irradiance, Pyranometer, Standard Deviation(down_short_diffuse_hemisp_std) Down-welling unshaded pyranometer voltage(down_short_hemisp) Downwelling Longwave Hemispheric Irradiance, Ventilated Pyrgeometer, Minima(down_long_hemisp_min) Downwelling Shortwave Hemispheric Irradiance, Ventilated Pyranometer, Maxima(down_short_hemisp_max) Upwelling (10 meter) Longwave Hemispheric Irradiance, Pyrgeometer(up_long_hemisp) Shortwave Direct Normal Irradiance, Pyrgeometer, Standard Deviation(short_direct_normal_std) Downwelling Shortwave Hemispheric Irradiance, Ventilated Pyranometer, Minima(down_short_hemisp_min) Upwelling (10 meter) Shortwave Hemispheric Irradiance, Pyranometer, Standard Deviation(up_short_hemisp_std)

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DQRID : D020909.3

Start Date	Start Time	End Date	End Time
03/18/2000	0000	06/20/2000	1700

Subject:	SGP/SIRS/E8 - Solar Tracker Failure
DataStreams:	sgpsirsE8.a1
Description:	Downwelling Diffuse values too high and Direct Normal values too low. Diffuse pyranometer not shaded due to tracker failure. Direct Normal pyrheliometer not properly aligned with the solar disc due to tracker failure. (These radiometers are mounted on the same solar tracker.)
Measurements:	sgpsirsE8.a1: Downwelling Shortwave Hemispheric Irradiance, Pyranometer, Standard Deviation(down_short_diffuse_hemisp_std) Shortwave Direct Normal Irradiance, Pyrgeometer, Maxima(short_direct_normal_max) Downwelling Shortwave Diffuse Hemispheric Irradiance, Ventilated Pyranometer(down_short_diffuse_hemisp) Shortwave Direct Normal Irradiance, Pyrgeometer(short_direct_normal) Downwelling Shortwave Diffuse Hemispheric Irradiance, Ventilated Pyranometer, Maxima(down_short_diffuse_hemisp_max) Shortwave Direct Normal Irradiance, Pyrgeometer, Standard Deviation(short_direct_normal_std) Downwelling Shortwave Diffuse Hemispheric Irradiance, Ventilated Pyranometer, Minima(down_short_diffuse_hemisp_min) Shortwave Direct Normal Irradiance, Pyrgeometer, Minima(short_direct_normal_min)

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